scholarly journals Russians from China: Migrations and Identity

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Mara Moustafine
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
North China ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The World ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Almost All

In the first half of the 20th century, sizeable Russian communities lived in a number of Chinese cities, including Harbin, Shanghai and Tientsin. The largest and most diverse of these was the community that grew up around Harbin in north China. By the mid 1920s, Harbin was home to one of the largest Russian diaspora communities in the world, with over 120,000 Russians and other nationalities from the former Tsarist Empire. Moreover, many Russians in Shanghai and Tientsin had links to Harbin, as their first place of domicile in China. By the late 1950s, political transformations in China had driven almost all these people elsewhere. But for many of them, their roots in China became a key aspect of their identity in emigration in their new diasporas. This paper explores the background to this unique community and the geo-political forces underpinning the various waves of migration of Russians into and out of Harbin. It analyses the complex issues of identity and citizenship Russians faced while living in Harbin, their fates determined at various points in time by the dominance of three powers – Russia, China and Japan. Drawing on the experience of my own family, whose life in Harbin and Manchuria spanned four generations over fifty years, it touches on the rich ethnic and cultural mix that lay beneath the surface of “Russian” Harbin, with particular reference to the Jewish community that once thrived there. Finally, it examines how the ‘Harbintsy’ perceive their identity in emigration and the recent changes in attitude towards them of the Chinese authorities.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Jonathan Webber ◽  
Chris Schwarz ◽  
Jason Francisco
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Jewish Diaspora ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Intellectual Movements

This chapter provides an overview of Jewish civilization that developed in Poland about 1,000 years until it was brutally destroyed during the Holocaust. It describes Poland as the centre of the Jewish diaspora and the home to the largest Jewish community in the world as 90 percent of the world's Jews lived in Europe before their mass migration to the USA in the middle of the nineteenth century. It also cites the contributions of the great rabbis of Poland to both Jewish law and Jewish spirituality, including political, artistic, literary, and intellectual movements that have characterized the Jewish world in the modern period. The chapter introduces present-day photographs that offer a completely new and contemporary way of looking at the Jewish past in Poland that was left in ruins. It explains that the photographs serve as a tribute to the rich Jewish cultural heritage of Poland.

scholarly journals ARBITRATION (TAHKIM) AND RECONCILIATION (SULH) IN ISLAM AS ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Saidilyos Kh
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Flexible Integration ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Wide Usage

The main reason behind this work is to illustrate the current need for Islamic alternative dispute resolution methods and offer analysis to show the benefts of their applications. There has been a vivid rise in ADRs’ recognition globally as a substitute for litigation and related issues that would be better if addressed with an Islamic perspective. The wide usage of the term has been intensifed uninterruptedly after the second half of the 20th century. This paper intends to introduce a 1,5-centuryyear-old background of legally institutionalized arbitration (Tahkim) and reconciliation (Sulh), Islamic means or ways of alternative dispute resolution. I will show it by presenting and analyzing some reliable historical and current shreds of evidence. A few Quranic ayas and prophetic hadiths will prove the Islamic nature and foundation of ADRs. The paper contains some discussions of meanings and applications of terms and differences of the contemporary. There is a part that defnes classical terms and matches them with their current standings to prove the success in flexible integration and adaptation of the mechanisms as an assistant, or in some cases, more favorable choice to adjudication. It tries to offer the rich experience of Islamic legal laws, doctrines, and several case studies of local and international nature that can easily be accessed. Besides, some indications of current applications of ADR, especially Islamic ones, will be discussed to show the way of solving conflicts outside the courtrooms without leaving today’s legal frameworks. Rich, vast, and mature Islamic legal experience will be a vital guideline in the world of conflict resolution.

scholarly journals About the Qu’ranic Study of cdots Naidu’s Poetry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uthman ibn Afaq
Keyword(s):  
Early Morning ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Indian History ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hearts And Minds

It is written that In our day-to-day life, writing poem has become fashion for all, particularly youngsters. In every poem, there are some technical aspects. They have become a kind of style of a particular poet. Sarojini Naidu has been acclaimed as one of the richest poets in the field of deliberating technicality in her poetry. She is a poetess with keen sensibility and rich imagination. Her poetry offers a delightful feast of similes and metaphors. Her images are usually impressive and impressionistic. They are also varied and sublime. She draws her lovely images mostly from the world of nature and the fairy kingdoms.In short, almost all her poems deal with the rich expression of technical things. Sarojini Naidu has given a clear picture of a fisherman and his routine through her poem, Coromandal Fishers. Every early morning song is inculcated in the hearts and minds of the simple fishing community in the Eastern Coast of India.In Palanquin-Bearers, Sarojini Naidu describes a young bride being carried in a palanquin to her husband’s house. The poet evokes a period from Indian history when palanquins were a common sight on the streets.Her poetry has the power and loveliness of a water fall; her poetry is a brook flowing and producing ripple of sounds and spray of foam. She was a poetess of not today but of yesterday and tomorrow. In short, she is a poet of joy and optimism, not of sorrow of pessimism. To her fullness of living involves the experience of suffering and in the ultimate analysis, life and death are not opposites but two aspects of a single reality. Her poetry leads us out of murky atmosphere of doubt and gloom into the clear fresh air of life’s elemental experience and perennial youthfulness.

World. Challenges of Global Crisis. France

2013 ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
I. Semenenko ◽  
I. Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Model

The publication presents the results of the recent theoretical seminar of IMEMO Center of comparative socio-economic and socio-political studies. The topic relates to the trends and prospects of socio-political transformations in the leading nations of the world under the conditions of current crisis. In particular, the participants of the seminar discuss the status of the French socio-political model, crisis hardships, new balance of political forces, features of foreign policy, France’s Syrian dilemma.

scholarly journals Czas kolejowy

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-84
Author(s):  
Michał Jerczyński
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Local Times ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Central European ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Way

Railway Time The inventions of the electromagnetic telegraph and the railroads significantly accelerated communication in time and space. It greatly influenced the way time was expressed and forced a change of centuries-old patterns and habits. It became necessary to gradually move away from local times (the average solar times of individual places) to the uniform time in the scale of entire countries, and then to the zone time. This process began in the 1830s on the railway and a few years later in the telegraph service, developing in parallel and in conjunction with the railroads. Initially, individual railway authorities adopted the same railway time on their networks (usually the capital time of a given country or the directorate’s headquarters). From 1884 until the first decade of the 20th century, culminating in the early 1990s, they gradually switched to zone time. Its introduction improved the work of railways, increased traffic safety, and made it easier for passengers to find their way around train timetables. Almost in parallel, since the mid-1860s, the process of switching from a twelve-hour count to a 24-hour count of time on the railways took place. In the rich literature devoted to time in its various aspects, few studies focus on the issues of organizing the measurement and expression of time on railways, and there are virtually no studies relating to railways in the present-day Polish lands which at the time operated under three different state authorities. The work aims to collect and systematize the facts that contributed to the process of introducing the 24-hour zone time on Central European railways and to present this process in the context of the world railways.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN LITERATURE IN ARGENTINA IN THE 20th CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Iryna Nakashydze
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Intermediate Point ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Literary Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fourth Wave ◽  
Art Schools

Argentina is one of the countries that are inhabited by a large number of ethnic Ukrainians. The purpose of this article is to study the development of Ukrainian literature in Argentina. One of the tasks aimed at achieving this goal is the introduction of the names of emigrant writers into scientific circulation. The arrival of a large number of active and educated people in Argentina in the interwar period (including writers O. Drahomanova, P. Buk, O. Devlad, etc.) led to the emergence of new forms of public life. A large number of literary and art schools, libraries, and reading rooms appeared. An important factor in the preservation of ethnic identity and the development of cultural life was the formation of the Ukrainian Cultural Society “Prosvita” in 1924. The biggest wave of emigration took place during the postwar period. Writers such as L. Holotsvan, Y. Prylutska-Farni, K. Buldyn, etc. arrived here. At this time Argentina became a real cultural center of Ukrainians. The Society of Artists, Writers and Scholars was formed, uniting almost all cultural figures. In the biography and works of many writers of this period Argentina appears as an “intermediate” point (for example, I. Kachurovsky, O. Kerch, V. Kulish, Yu. Krokhmalyuk-Tys, etc.). Writers from all over the world have long been united by the magazine “Porogy”. Unfortunately, with the death of writers in Argentina (as in the rest of the world), literary life almost subsided. Among the writers of the fourth wave of emigration can be identified I. Voloshchuk. Translation activity played a significant role. From the beginning of the resettlement, Ukrainian emigrants distributed works of T. Shevchenko, I. Franko, M. Shashkevych, and L. Ukrainka. Many of the writers translated Ukrainian works into Spanish and vice versa. Thus, literary life in Argentina developed very actively in the 20th century. It was most striking in the postwar period, when a large number of cultural figures emigrated here. The research started in this article is promising for the future, as further detailed study of the features of works of art of Ukrainian-speaking writers in Argentina is required.

scholarly journals Trend analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic in China and the rest of the world

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertine Weber ◽  
Flavio Iannelli ◽  
Sebastián Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Exponential Phase ◽  
List Type ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Local Case ◽  
The World ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
Almost All

AbstractThe recent epidemic of Coronavirus (COVID-19) that started in China has already been “exported” to more than 140 countries in all the continents, evolving in most of them by local spreading. In this contribution we analyze the trends of the cases reported in all the Chinese provinces, as well as in some countries that, until March 15th, 2020, have more than 500 cases reported. Notably and differently from other epidemics, the provinces did not show an exponential phase. The data available at the Johns Hopkins University site [1] seem to fit well an algebraic sub-exponential growing behavior as was pointed out recently [2]. All the provinces show a clear and consistent pattern of slowing down with growing exponent going nearly zero, so it can be said that the epidemic was contained in China. On the other side, the more recent spread in countries like, Italy, Iran, and Spain show a clear exponential growth, as well as other European countries. Even more recently, US —which was one of the first countries to have an individual infected outside China (Jan 21st, 2020)— seems to follow the same path. We calculate the exponential growth of the most affected countries, showing the evolution along time after the first local case. We identify clearly different patterns in the analyzed data and we give interpretations and possible explanations for them. The analysis and conclusions of our study can help countries that, after importing some cases, are not yet in the local spreading phase, or have just started.HIGHLIGHTSAll the provinces of China show very similar epidemic behaviour.Early stages of spreading can be explained in terms of SIR standard model, considering that reported cases accounts for the removed individuals, with algebraic growing (sub-exponential) in most locations.Worldwide, we observe two classes of epidemic growth: sub-exponential during almost all stages (China and Japan) and exponential on the rest of the countries, following the early stage.The exponential growth rates ranges from 0.016day−1 (South Korea) to 0.725day−1 (Brunei) which means 1.6% to 107% of new cases per day, for the different countries but China.

Globalization and interconfessional communications

2001 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Serhii Viktorovych Svystunov
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Target Set ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rapid Appearance

In the 21st century, the world became a sign of globalization: global conflicts, global disasters, global economy, global Internet, etc. The Polish researcher Casimir Zhigulsky defines globalization as a kind of process, that is, the target set of characteristic changes that develop over time and occur in the modern world. These changes in general are reduced to mutual rapprochement, reduction of distances, the rapid appearance of a large number of different connections, contacts, exchanges, and to increase the dependence of society in almost all spheres of his life from what is happening in other, often very remote regions of the world.

Simone de Beauvoir's Philosophy of Individuation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hengehold
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

Most studies of Simone de Beauvoir situate her with respect to Hegel and the tradition of 20th-century phenomenology begun by Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty. This book analyzes The Second Sex in light of the concepts of becoming, problematization, and the Other found in Gilles Deleuze. Reading Beauvoir through a Deleuzian lens allows more emphasis to be placed on Beauvoir's early interest in Bergson and Leibniz, and on the individuation of consciousness, a puzzle of continuing interest to both phenomenologists and Deleuzians. By engaging with the philosophical issues in her novels and student diaries, this book rethinks Beauvoir’s focus on recognition in The Second Sex in terms of women’s struggle to individuate themselves despite sexist forms of representation. It shows how specific forms of women’s “lived experience” can be understood as the result of habits conforming to and resisting this sexist “sense.” Later feminists put forward important criticisms regarding Beauvoir’s claims not to be a philosopher, as well as the value of sexual difference and the supposedly Eurocentric universalism of her thought. Deleuzians, on the other hand, might well object to her ideas about recognition. This book attempts to address those criticisms, while challenging the historicist assumptions behind many efforts to establish Beauvoir’s significance as a philosopher and feminist thinker. As a result, readers can establish a productive relationship between Beauvoir’s “problems” and those of women around the world who read her work under very different circumstances.

From the Tower of London to the Thomas More Society of Buenos Aires: “Give me thy grace, good Lord, to set the world at nought”

Moreana ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (Number 164) (4) ◽  
pp. 187-206
Author(s):  
Clare M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Short History ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Hebrew Poetry ◽  
Prayer Book ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Of Hours ◽  
Almost All

The Thomas More Society of Buenos Aires begins or ends almost all its events by reciting in both English and Spanish a prayer written by More in the margins of his Book of Hours probably while he was a prisoner in the Tower of London. After a short history of what is called Thomas More’s Prayer Book, the author studies the prayer as a poem written in the form of a psalm according to the structure of Hebrew poetry, and looks at the poem’s content as a psalm of lament.

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