scholarly journals The Dynamics of Oil and Social Movements in the Niger Delta of Nigeria

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ojakorotu
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Local People ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Niger River ◽  
The Government

The discovery of oil in Nigeria since 1956 has inflicted a heavy burden on the local people of the Niger River Delta who have had to contend with the consequences of oil production. The grievances of these local people have persisted for more than three decades without concrete efforts on the part of the government or oil multinationals to address them. The global triumph of capitalism and the fall of communism gave the local people an opportunity to organize social movements with similar interests to international civil society to challenge the policies of successive governments and the activities of oil multinationals in the Niger Delta. This paper addresses the factors that led to a sudden upsurge in the number of social movements in the Niger Delta and how foreign NGOs have played an important role in addressing the plight of the local people of the region.

Nigeria’s president will struggle to contain threats

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Stagnation ◽  
Presidential Succession ◽  
Inner Circle ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ruling Party

Significance The bombing is the latest setback for the government. Recent military gains against Boko Haram and increasing oil production in the Niger Delta have failed to offset the distinct governance problems facing Abuja. Amid a deepening economic crisis, President Muhammadu Buhari is facing challenges within the ruling alliance and emergent political threats nationwide. Impacts Presidential succession manoeuvring could undermine unity, leading to ruling party infighting and a possible contested nomination process. Key members of Buhari’s inner circle will come under pressure to resign as new scandals emerge. Populist alternatives to the president will surface, as citizens grow frustrated with economic stagnation and high prices.

scholarly journals Urgensitas Masyarakat Madani Civil Society dalam Mengurai Problematika Sosial: Suatu Tinjauan Terhadap Varian Konflik di Lombok

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-68
Author(s):  
Ihsan Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
State Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Necessary Existence

Civil society movement post Reformation gained momentum, it ismarked by a growing number of emerging elements of civil society itselfwith various forms of movement and activities performed. The dynamicsof this at once indicates that the process of Westernization of the nationof Indonesia, because of the progress of the process therein, of course,involve the participation of the public good in giving control of theGovernment as well as the active participation in the effort ofmaintaining the harmony node civic social dam in an attempt tomecegah the conflict and remained consistent in providing solutions tothe issues facing the nation. On that basis then the existence of a civilsociety necessary existence. For it was at least the civil society movementcan be manifested into some kind of social movements. The first symbolicresistance, which includes various indirect actions to control thedomination of the country. Secondly, pragmatic resistance that wasconducted as a direct reaction against the wisdom of the Government orthe system of socio-economic-political progress, including in this case bea solution for all social problems. Third, the symbolic resistance-which isa pragmatic action directly or indirectly to the creation of socio-politicalsituation that demands better especially young wong and alsodemanded a reduction in State control against the various areas of lifethe community.

Conversations from the Field Part II: Proposals

2020 ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Ndaliko Chérie
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Local People ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Open Mind ◽  
The Government

In your opinion, how do (or should) organizations and artists balance their often divergent responsibilities to their donors, the government bodies of their host nations, their audiences and presumed beneficiaries, and/or their own inspiration and vision? GN: Art and artists can facilitate or smooth the process of mutual understanding between NGOs and their civil society counterparts, as well as influence projects and their implementation. . . . The critical, positive, and open mind most often shown by artists could then be a soft power to shape the organization’s vision, building bridges between NGO representatives and local people. . . . We should not forget that most artists and humanitarian NGOs have in common strong militant values as their core principles and these people are largely engaged for such reasons....

ГОСУДАРСТВО И ГРАЖДАНСКОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
G. G. Gazimagomedov ◽  
A. V. Makarin ◽  
A. I. Strebkov
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Class Division ◽  
The Public ◽  
Commodity Money ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

Аrticle is devoted to problems of interaction of civil society and the government. The problem of interrelation of the state and civil society ― is a question of interaction of classes in society. Authors come to a conclusion, ― the state is a product of civil society which class division is a consequence of division of labor, domination of the commodity-money relations, the capital, the competition, exchange and distribution. Therefore the state can't be above the public power. Not only the government exerts impact on civil society, and first of all civil society influences the state. However similar influence is limited to influence of ruling classes, protection of a certain interest of this class ― have arrived that leads to emergence of the individual, at the same time and social discontent following also from the policy of the state focused on protection of this interest. The aspiration of social classes to release itself from those conditions which a heavy burden lay down on their shoulders generates the local and general opposition social movements. The movements are reflection of local discontent, the discontent in the Russian reality has abstract character and only in some of them it is quite realized, has the theoretical justification and is carried out in due form political struggle.

scholarly journals Along the Road: The Ngäbe-Buglé Struggle to Protect Environmental Resources in Panama

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogelio Cansari ◽  
Quentin Gausset
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Government

Indigenous people in Panama do not enjoy full autonomy within their comarcas (traditional land reserves): they only control surface resources, while the state retains control of underground resources. This article analyses direct action by the Ngäbe-Buglé, who successfully defeated the latest attempt by the government to exploit underground resources within their comarcas. It describes government strategies for retaining control over Indigenous people’s land and analyses how the Ngäbe-Buglé counteracted these strategies with support from burgeoning civil society movements. We argue that this is due to an unprecedented alliance between Indigenous people and other social movements in Panama, as well as to the fact that Indigenous people have succeeded in federating all major civil society organizations around their discourses and actions.

GERAKAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG LABALUBA DESA KONTUMERE KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA TAHUN 1960-1980

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurwan Nurwan ◽  
Ali Hadara ◽  
La Batia
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, Faktor-faktor yang mendorong gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna dan akibat gerakan sosial masyarakat Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna? Latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba yaitu keadaan kampungnya yang hanya terdiri dari beberapa kepala keluarga tiap kampung dan jarak yang jauh masing-masing kampung membuat keadaan masyarakatnya sulit untuk berkomnikasi dan tiap kampung hanya terdiri dari lima sampai dengan tujuh kepala keluarga saja. Kampung ini letaknya paling timur pulau Muna terbentang dari ujung kota Raha sekarang sampai kampung Wakuru yang saat ini. Kondisi ini juga yang menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kampung ini kurang berkembang baik dibidang ekonomi, sosial politik, pendidikan maupun di bidang kebudayaan. Keadaan ini diperparah lagi dengan sifat dan karakter penduduknya yang masih sangat primitif. Faktor yang mendorong adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara keinginan pemerintah setempat dan masyarakat yang mendiami Kampung Labaluba pada waktu itu. Sedangkan proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna bermula ketika pemerintah seolah memaksakan kehendaknya kepada rakyat yang menyebabkan rakyat tidak setuju dengan kebijakan tersebut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna terbagi dua yaitu akibat positif dan akibat negatif.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial, Factor dan Dampaknya ABSTRACT: The main issues in this study include the background of the social movement of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, Factors that encourage social movements of Labaluba Kampung Sub-village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, the social movement process of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District Muna Regency and due to Labaluba community social movements Kontumere Village Kabawo District Muna Regency? The background of the Labaluba Kampung community social movement is that the condition of the village consists of only a few heads of households per village and the distance of each village makes it difficult for the community to communicate and each village only consists of five to seven households. This village is located east of the island of Muna stretching from the edge of the city of Raha now to the current village of Wakuru. This condition is also one of the factors causing the village to be less developed in the economic, social political, educational and cultural fields. This situation is made worse by the very primitive nature and character of the population. The factor that motivated the existence of the social movement of Labaluba Village in Kontumere Village, Kabawo Subdistrict, Muna Regency was the mismatch between the wishes of the local government and the people who inhabited Labaluba Village at that time. While the process of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency began when the government seemed to impose its will on the people, causing the people to disagree with the policy. The consequences arising from the existence of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency are divided into two, namely positive and negative effects. Keywords: Social Movements, Factors and their Impacts

Systems of Governance and Politics of Opposition in the Super-Rentiers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Freer
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Critical Information ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Rentier States

This chapter provides a critical background on the country cases by examining their brief political histories as independent states. It also gives critical information about the legal frameworks of such states to highlight where and how Islamist groups can act in these states. By providing such descriptions, this chapter demonstrates the extent to which these states, in regime or popular politics, either adhere or fail to adhere to the government type and political environment normally associated with the rentier state. The chapter also reveals critical commonalities among the super-rentier states—they are governed by powerful ruling families; institutionalized political life is hampered; and civil society and political life remain largely informal—while also indicating their differences, which arose in light of their differing sociocultural and economic backgrounds.

Rights of the Child

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Law ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Legal Definition ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of

The chapter commences with the change in the perspective and approach relating to children from welfare to rights approach. It then deals with the legal definition of child in India under various laws. It gives a brief overview of the present legal framework in India. It states briefly the various policies and plans, and programmes of the Government of India related to children. International law on the rights of the child is enumerated and a summary of the important judgments by Indian courts are also included. The chapter ends with pointing out the role of civil society organizations in dealing with the rights of the child and a mention of challenges ahead.

Transnational Social Movements and Peaceful Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Milcíades Peña
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Global Civil Society ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Transnational Social Movements ◽  
Relational Perspective ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interactive Dynamic ◽  
Dominant Treatment

The chapter discusses the relationship between social movements and peaceful change. First, it reviews the way this relationship has been elaborated in IR constructivist and critical analyses, as part of transnational activist networks, global civil society, and transnational social movements, while considering the blind sides left by the dominant treatment of these entities as positive moral actors. Second, the chapter reviews insights from the revolution and political violence literature, a literature usually sidelined in IR debates about civil society, in order to cast a wider relational perspective on how social movements participate in, and are affected by, interactive dynamic processes that may escalate into violent outcomes at both local and international levels.

Populism, Religion and Catholic Civil Society in Poland: The Case of Primary Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Dorota Szelewa
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Moral Panic ◽  
School Entry ◽  
School Age ◽  
Religious Symbolism ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

This article analyses two cases of populist mobilisation – namely, one against a primary school entry-age reform and another against WHO sexuality education and the concept of gender – that took place in Poland between 2008 and 2019. Both campaigns had a populist character and were oriented towards restoring social justice taken away from ‘the people’ by a morally corrupted ‘elite’. There are differences between the cases that can be analytically delineated by assessing whether a religious mobilisation has an overt or a covert character. While the series of protests against the school-age reform represents a case of mobilisation with covert religious symbolism, the campaigns against sexuality education and the use of the concept of gender are characterised by overt religious populism. To characterise the dynamics of the two campaigns, the study uses the concept of a moral panic, emphasising the importance of moral entrepreneurs waging ideological war against the government and/or liberal experts conceived of as ‘folk devils’.

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