scholarly journals Equity during peer conferences: A linguistic comparison by race and gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Reinholz
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
College Calculus ◽  
Assessment Conversations ◽  
Introductory College

This paper provides an analysis of students’ peer assessment conversations in introductory college calculus. Prior research shows that this type of activity can support meaningful student learning. However, previous studies have suggested that students from different groups (e.g., by race or gender) may have different opportunities to participate in such discussion-based activities. Accordingly, this paper explores the participation of students in peer assessment conversations, by focusing on the types of feedback and word choices used by different groups of students, by race and gender. Based on computer-aided textual analysis, this paper provides insights into the types of words used by different students in the class. While there was evidence of inequities in participation between men and women, the results for race were inconclusive. These results suggest that peer conferences have some potential for producing more equitable participation in calculus.

THE SINS OF THE FATHER: GENDER- BASED VIOLENCE IN POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Snodgrass
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Black Women ◽  
South African ◽  
African Women ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
South African Women

This article explores the complexities of gender-based violence in post-apartheid South Africa and interrogates the socio-political issues at the intersection of class, ‘race’ and gender, which impact South African women. Gender equality is up against a powerful enemy in societies with strong patriarchal traditions such as South Africa, where women of all ‘races’ and cultures have been oppressed, exploited and kept in positions of subservience for generations. In South Africa, where sexism and racism intersect, black women as a group have suffered the major brunt of this discrimination and are at the receiving end of extreme violence. South Africa’s gender-based violence is fuelled historically by the ideologies of apartheid (racism) and patriarchy (sexism), which are symbiotically premised on systemic humiliation that devalues and debases whole groups of people and renders them inferior. It is further argued that the current neo-patriarchal backlash in South Africa foments and sustains the subjugation of women and casts them as both victims and perpetuators of pervasive patriarchal values.

scholarly journals Intersecting race and gender stereotypes: Implications for group-level attitudes

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1172-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis E. Phills ◽  
Amanda Williams ◽  
Jennifer M. Wolff ◽  
Ashley Smith ◽  
Rachel Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Men ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
South Asians ◽  
The United States ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Two studies examined the relationship between explicit stereotyping and prejudice by investigating how stereotyping of minority men and women may be differentially related to prejudice. Based on research and theory related to the intersectional invisibility hypothesis (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008), we hypothesized that stereotyping of minority men would be more strongly related to prejudice than stereotyping of minority women. Supporting our hypothesis, in both the United Kingdom (Study 1) and the United States (Study 2), when stereotyping of Black men and women were entered into the same regression model, only stereotyping of Black men predicted prejudice. Results were inconsistent in regard to South Asians and East Asians. Results are discussed in terms of the intersectional invisibility hypothesis (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008) and the gendered nature of the relationship between stereotyping and attitudes.

scholarly journals Women and Concussion

Concussion ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Brian Hainline ◽  
Lindsey J. Gurin ◽  
Daniel M. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Ice Hockey ◽  
American Football ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Most of the concussion literature is devoted to concussion and men, and this literature focuses primarily on American football and ice hockey. Yet women appear to be more prone to sport-related concussion than men, and may manifest with more concussion-like symptoms both at both baseline and post-concussion. There may be both endocrinologic and biomechanical reasons why women’s concussive symptoms are different from men’s, but this remains incompletely understood. There may also be sex-based and gender-based differences in how men and women experience and describe concussion. It is important to understand these distinctions when managing concussion in women.

Abstract 9759: Race and Gender Differences in Survival Among Hospitalized Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Surveillance Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Sharma ◽  
Sunil K Agarwal ◽  
Lisa M Wrick ◽  
Kunihiro Matsushita ◽  
Patricia P Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Washington County ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Forsyth County

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for about half of HF hospitalizations, and has been reported to be more common amongst Caucasians and women in outpatient population studies. There are limited data, however, on the influence of race and gender on survival in HFpEF. We evaluated whether clinical characteristics and outcomes differ amongst HFpEF patients by race and gender. Methods: HFpEF (EF≥ 50%) hospitalization cases from 2005-2009 adjudicated by a physician panel were analyzed from the community-based surveillance component of the ARIC study, comprising 4 US communities (Jackson, MS; Washington County, MD; Minneapolis, MN; and Forsyth County, NC; combined population in 2009 = 214,000). The association of race and gender with mortality at 28-days and 1-year was evaluated. Results: Of 3,786 (weighted n = 18,265) adjudicated acute decompensated HF cases, 1,726 (weighted n = 8114) were categorized as HFpEF. Patient characteristics included: female (44%), African American (AA, 32%), hypertension (83%), diabetes (46%), and mean BMI of 28. Compared to Caucasians, AA’s were younger (70 vs. 77 years, p<0.001), more frequently women (47% vs. 42%, p<0.001), with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP, 145 vs. 135 mmHg, p<0.001), and more prior HF hospitalizations (50% vs. 37%, p<0.001). Compared to men, women were older (76 vs. 73 years, p<0.001), with higher SBP (141 vs. 138 mmHg, p=0.03), and better renal function (eGFR 42 vs. 38 mL/min/1.73m 2 , p<0.001). Overall 28-day and 1-year mortality was 13.1% and 32.8%, respectively, with no differences in un-adjusted or adjusted estimates by race or gender (Table 1). Conclusions: In hospitalized HFpEF patients, overall 28-day and 1-year mortality were high without apparent race- or gender-based differences in mortality. These data may help inform the development of future interventions and resource allocation.

scholarly journals Visualizing Police Exposure by Race, Gender, and Age in New York City

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311982891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalisha Dessources Figures ◽  
Joscha Legewie
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Black Men ◽  
York City ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Hispanic Men ◽  
And Gender

This figure depicts the disparities in average police stops in New York City from 2004 to 2012, disaggregated by race, gender, and age. Composed of six bar charts, each graph in the figure provides data for a particular population at the intersection of race and gender, focusing on black, white, and Hispanic men and women. Each graph also has a comparative backdrop of the data on police stops for black males. All graphs take a similar parabolic shape, showing that across each race-gender group, pedestrian stops increase in adolescence and peek in young adulthood, then taper off across the adult life course. However, the heights of these parabolic representations are vastly different. There are clear disparities in police exposure based on race and gender, with black men and women being more likely than their peers to be policed and with black men being policed significantly more than their female counterparts.

Mapping Intersectionality and Latina/o and Chicana/o Students Along Educational Frameworks of Power

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya M. Alemán
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Institutional Practices ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
College Age ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Structure And Agency ◽  
Intersectional Analysis ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racist Nativism

This chapter reviews scholarship using intersectional analyses to assess how Latina/o and Chicana/o youth navigate imbricated systems of privilege and oppression in their educational trajectories. Scholars have explored the navigational tactics Latina/o and Chicana/o students use to negotiate their intersectional identities and the institutional practices that amplify or negate experiences of privilege or disenfranchisement. Others have articulated distinct forms of overlapping oppression, such as racist nativism, gendered familism, privilege paradox, and citizenship continuum. Researchers have also developed a methodology for intersectional analysis that combines both quantitative and qualitative elements, as well as a conceptual model that maps out the micro, meso, and macro levels of intersectionality to account for both structure and agency within multifaceted dynamics of power. This chapter notes the reliance on race- and gender-based frameworks, on interviews and focus groups, and on college-age or graduate students for intersectional analysis on Latina/o and Chicana/o students. Together, the chapter reveals the complexity of capturing the multitiered planes of privilege and power that intersect in dynamic ways to disenfranchise and empower Latina/o and Chicana/o students.

Literacy Skills and Earnings: Race and Gender Differences

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto M. De Anda ◽  
Pedro M. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Adult Literacy ◽  
White Men ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Literacy Skill ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Document Literacy

This study examines differences in returns to literacy skills on earnings of black and white men and women. Literacy skill is a composite measure of three scales: reading comprehension, document literacy (the ability to locate and use information in, say, tables and graphs), and mathematics proficiency. Using data from the National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS), we estimate earnings determination models separately for each racial/gender group. Our findings show that the effect of literacy on earnings varies by race and gender. Literacy skills favorably rewarded black men relative to black women and white men and women, net of education and other relevant variables. More importantly, literacy completely explained the effect of a high school diploma and some college on earnings of black men. We conclude that the economic importance of literacy skills is particularly salient for less-educated black men.

scholarly journals Hak-hak perempuan dalam Islam

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-206
Author(s):  
Naila Farah
Keyword(s):  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Women's Issues ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Today's women's issues are still very important to pay attention to because women's rights have not been fully fulfilled. The marginalization of women's rights often stems from local religious and cultural beliefs. This is where the importance of the thinking of figures like Asghar Ali Engineer is reviewed in the present. This paper discusses the thoughts of Asghar Ali Engineer about liberation theology in the matter of women's rights in Islam. Asghar Ali Engineer in many of his works has offered various kinds of deconstruction of discourses. In the matter of women's rights in Islam, he presents his opinion on inheritance, wealth, testimony, the position of women in the family, polygamy and divorce which are considered as examples of inequality. With its hermeneutic interpretation, Asghar Engineering rejects the existence of a patriarchal concept that is inherent in the classical interpretation of the Quran, which is considered discriminatory against women. Then he applies the verses of the Quran into two, namely normative and contextual, with the hope that the verses of the Quran can be reinterpreted, so that it truly becomes a universal verses of “das solen” on one side and contextual verses of “das sein” on the other. Thus, the equality of men and women can be realized and gender-based justice can be manifested.

scholarly journals A quasi-experimental study of ethnic and gender bias in university grading

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254422
Author(s):  
Carina Saxlund Bischoff ◽  
Anders Ejrnæs ◽  
Olivier Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Discrimination In Employment ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Written Assignments ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

This paper contributes to the debate on race- and gender-based discrimination in grading. We apply a quasi-experimental research design exploiting a shift from open grading in 2018 (examinee’s name clearly visible on written assignments), to blind grading in 2019 (only student ID number visible). The analysis thus informs name-based stereotyping and discrimination, where student ethnicity and gender are derived from their names on written assignments. The case is a quantitative methods exam at Roskilde University (Denmark). We rely on OLS regression models with interaction terms to analyze whether blind grading has any impact on the relative grading differences between the sexes (female vs. male examinees) and/or between the two core ethnic groups (ethnic minorities vs. ethnic majority examinees). The results show no evidence of gender or ethnic bias based on names in the grading process. The results were validated by several checks for robustness. We argue that the weaker evidence of ethnic discrimination in grading vis-à-vis discrimination in employment and housing suggests the relevance of gauging the stakes involved in potentially discriminatory activities.

scholarly journals Gender, Labor, and Geography: Mapping the Economic Life Cycles of German-born and Irish-born Immigrants in 1880 New York City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Arsen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Occupational Segregation ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

This thesis examines the relationship between gender-based occupational segregation and gender-based residential patterns in 1880 New York City. Specifically, it finds that that Irish-born immigrants were more likely to be employed in highly gender-segregated occupations than their German-born counterparts. This had a spatial impact on the residential patterns of Irish-born men and women. Because Irish-born immigrants tended to work in highly gender-segregated occupations that were located in different parts of the city, Irish-born men and women disproportionately lived in different areas. The paper discusses some of the historical and contextual factors that explain why Irish-born women were more likely than German-born women to go into highly gender-segregated occupations. Lastly, it shows how this relationship between occupational segregation and geography impacted the economic life cycles of these immigrant women. In particular, it identifies the rate at which women left the workforce after getting married or having children.

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