scholarly journals Are angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE1/ACE2) gene variants associated with the clinical severity of COVID-19 pneumonia? A single-center cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdal Baştuğ ◽  
◽  
Büşranur Çavdarlı ◽  
Aliye Baştuğ ◽  
İrfan Şencan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Ace2 Gene

scholarly journals Angiotensin-converting enzyme-1 gene insertion/deletion polymorphism may be associated with COVID-19 clinical severity: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Ozgur Gunal ◽  
Ozlem Sezer ◽  
Goksenin Unluguzel Ustun ◽  
Cagatay Erman Ozturk ◽  
Ahmet Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Dominant Genotype

BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism may play a role in the pathogenesis of coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19). OBJECTIVES: Investigate the relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism and the clinical severity of COVID-19. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included COVID-19 patients with asymptomatic, mild, and severe disease with clinical data and whole blood samples collected from 1 April 2020 to 1 July 2020. ACE I/D genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: ACE DD, DI and II genotypes frequencies. SAMPLE SIZE: 90 cases, 30 in each disease severity group. RESULTS: Age and the frequency of general comorbidity increased significantly from the asymptomatic disease group to the severe disease group. Advanced age, diabetes mellitus and presence of ischemic heart disease were independent risk factors for severe COVID-19 [OR and 95 % CI: 1.052 (1.021-1.083), 5.204 (1.006-26.892) and 5.922 (1.109-31.633), respectively]. The ACE II genotype was the dominant genotype (50%) in asymptomatic patients, while the DD genotype was the dominant genotype (63.3 %) in severe disease. The ACE II geno-type was protective against severe COVID-19 [OR and 95% CI: .323 (.112-.929)]. All nine patients (8.9%) who died had severe disease. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical severity of COVID-19 infection may be associated with the ACE I/D polymorphism. LIMITATIONS: Small sample size and single center. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

scholarly journals Assessment of 105 Patients with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-Inhibitor Induced Angioedema

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Rye Rasmussen ◽  
Christian von Buchwald ◽  
Mia Wadelius ◽  
Sumangali Chandra Prasad ◽  
Shailajah Kamaleswaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
History Of

Objective. To asses a cohort of 105 consecutive patients with angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor induced angioedema with regard to demographics, risk factors, family history of angioedema, hospitalization, airway management, outcome, and use of diagnostic codes used for the condition. Study Design. Cohort study. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study of 105 patients with angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor induced angioedema in the period 1995–2014. Results. The cohort consisted of 67 females and 38 males (F : M ratio 1.8), with a mean age of 63 [range 26–86] years. Female gender was associated with a significantly higher risk of angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor induced angioedema. 6.7% had a positive family history of angioedema. Diabetes seemed to be a protective factor with regard to angioedema. 95% experienced angioedema of the head and neck. 4.7% needed intubation or tracheostomy. 74 admissions took place during the study period with a total of 143 days spent in the hospital. The diagnosis codes most often used for this condition were “DT783 Quincke’s oedema” and “DT78.4 Allergy unspecified”. Complement C1 inhibitor was normal in all tested patients. Conclusion. Female gender predisposes to angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor induced angioedema, whereas diabetes seems to be a protective factor.

scholarly journals Age-Related Differences in the Expression of Most Relevant Mediators of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Berni Canani ◽  
Marika Comegna ◽  
Lorella Paparo ◽  
Gustavo Cernera ◽  
Cristina Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Nasal Epithelium ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Transmembrane Serine Protease

Background: Clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection seem to differ in children compared to that in adults. It has been hypothesized that the lower clinical severity in children could be influenced by differential expression of the main host functional receptor to SARS-CoV-2, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), but data are still conflicting. To explore the origin of age-dependent clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we comparatively evaluated the expression in children and adult subjects of the most relevant mediators of the SARS-CoV-2 infection: ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1), transmembrane serine protease-2 (TMPRSS2), and neuropilin-1 (NRP1), at upper respiratory tract and small intestine level.Methods: The expression of ACE2, ACE1, TMPRSS2, and NRP1 in nasal epithelium and in small intestine epithelium was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis.Results: We found no differences in ACE2, ACE1, and TMPRSS2 expression in the nasal epithelium comparing children and adult subjects. In contrast, nasal epithelium NRP1 expression was lower in children compared to that in adults. Intestinal ACE2 expression was higher in children compared to that in adults, whereas intestinal ACE1 expression was higher in adults. Intestinal TMPRSS2 and NRP1 expression was similar comparing children and adult subjects.Conclusions: The lower severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in children may be due to a different expression of nasal NRP1, that promotes the virus interaction with ACE2. However, the common findings of intestinal symptoms in children could be due to a higher expression of ACE2 at this level. The insights from these data will be useful in determining the treatment policies and preventive measures for COVID-19.

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