Bindungsbeziehungen zwischen Eltern und Kindern im Kontext von Trennung und Scheidung: Welche Rolle spielen Umfang und Qualität des Eltern-Kind-Kontakts?

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Lux ◽  
Heinz Kindler ◽  
Sabine Walper ◽  
Janin Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Parental Separation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Great Uncertainty ◽  
Emotional Insecurity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Broad Consensus

Following parental separation, parents face the question of how to develop a suitable parenting plan for their children in the future. While there is a broad consensus that maintaining relationships with both parents is generally beneficial for children, there is great uncertainty about how this should be implemented in individual cases and the importance of different contextual factors. This paper provides an attachment-informed perspective on aspects of children's relationships in the context of separation and divorce that might be relevant when making decisions about parenting plans. The focus is on the amount of time and overnights spent with each parent in early childhood, when attachment relationships are still being formed. In addition to beneficial aspects, factors associated with increased stress and emotional insecurity for children, such as the role of interparental conflict and gatekeeping behavior, are also highlighted. The paper concludes with recommendations on interventions for families experiencing conflict.

scholarly journals The role of oxidative stress, inflammation and acetaminophen exposure from birth to early childhood in the induction of autism

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Parker ◽  
Chi Dang Hornik ◽  
Staci Bilbo ◽  
Zoie E. Holzknecht ◽  
Lauren Gentry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The wide range of factors associated with the induction of autism is invariably linked with either inflammation or oxidative stress, and sometimes both. The use of acetaminophen in babies and young children may be much more strongly associated with autism than its use during pregnancy, perhaps because of well-known deficiencies in the metabolic breakdown of pharmaceuticals during early development. Thus, one explanation for the increased prevalence of autism is that increased exposure to acetaminophen, exacerbated by inflammation and oxidative stress, is neurotoxic in babies and small children. This view mandates extreme urgency in probing the long-term effects of acetaminophen use in babies and the possibility that many cases of infantile autism may actually be induced by acetaminophen exposure shortly after birth.

Interparental conflict and adolescents' self-representations: The role of emotional insecurity

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 76-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Sofia Silva ◽  
Maria Manuela Calheiros ◽  
Helena Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Emotional Insecurity

scholarly journals PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM MEMBANGUN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI PADA ANAK USIA DINI

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzdalifah M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
The Future ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Role Of Parents

<p>Masa  emas (<em>go</em><em>l</em><em>den  </em><em>a</em><em>ge</em>)  pada perkembangan  pada usia  pra sekolah harus menjadi perhatian yang serius di kalangan pendidik utama yaitu orang tua. Sebab masa ini adalah masa yang mudah membentuk  keperibadian anak. Kajian ini berusaha menelusuri persoalan masa emas anak dalam perkembangannya   dengan nelakukan kajian informasi kepustakaan. Fokus tulisan ini adalah membangun kepercayaan  diri pada anak usia dini oleh orang tua. Sebagai figur utama orang tua berperan dalam membentuk kepribadian anak menjadi percaya diri atau minder. Peran orang tua dalam membangun kepercayaan  diri anak adalah menjadi pendengar yang baik, menunjukkan sikap menghargai, memberi kesempatan untuk   membantu,  melatih  kemandirian  anak, membantu anak agar lebih optimis,memupuk minat dan bakat anak,  mengajak memecahkan masalah, mencari  cara  untuk membantu sesama, memberi kesempatan anak berkumpul bersama orang dewasa dan mengarahkan agar dapat mempersiapkan  masa depan.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci: orang tua, kepercayaan diri, anak</strong></p><div class="Section1"><p align="center"><em>P</em><em>A</em><em>R</em><em>EN</em><em>TS’ ROLE  IN   BUILDING  EARLY  CHILDHOOD CONFIDENCE. A golden age on the development of the pre-school</em></p></div><p><strong><br clear="all" /></strong></p><p> </p><p><em>a</em><em>ge should  be </em><em>a serious concern among  the  main educator that is parents. Because this time is a time that is easy to form personality of children. This article tries to convince that with a confident personality then a child will become a successful person. This study  focuses on building a confidence of early childhood by parents. As a major figure of the parents plays a role in shaping the personality of the child to be confident or insecure. The role of parents in building a child’s confidence is being a good listener, showing respect, providing an opportunity to help, training  the child’s independence, helping children to be more optimistic,  growing the child’s interests, asking to solve a problem,, looking for ways to help each other, allowing children to gather with adults and directing in order to prepare for the future.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em>p</em><em>a</em><em>r</em><em>ents, </em><em>confidence, </em><em>c</em><em>h</em><em>i</em><em>l</em><em>d</em><em>r</em><em>en</em></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>

The Role of Psychological Connectedness to the Future Self in Decisions Over Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Urminsky
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Time Discounting ◽  
The Future ◽  
Core Identity ◽  
Future Self ◽  
Over Time

What motivates people to make decisions in the present that benefit their self in the future? An emerging literature suggests that farsightedness is influenced by the degree of connection people perceive between their present and future self. People who see their core identity as changing substantially over time, into a substantially different future self, are less likely to forgo benefits in the present to ensure larger deferred benefits to be enjoyed by that future self they are not as connected to. Recent lab, field, and neural evidence has related such connectedness to time discounting, as well as more generally to a range of provident behaviors. This review discusses what is known and what remains to be studied about the bases of perceived connectedness, how people incorporate connectedness into their decision-making, and which psychological and contextual factors may influence the role of connectedness in decision-making.

Interparental Conflict on Italian Adolescent Adjustment: The Role of Insecurity within the Family

2020 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2092774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryanne D. de Silva ◽  
Mengyu M. Gao ◽  
Daniela Barni ◽  
Silvia Donato ◽  
Laura E. Miller-Graff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Adolescent Adjustment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emotional Insecurity ◽  
Indirect Association ◽  
Adolescent Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Despite its importance, limited research has examined mechanisms underpinning how interparental conflict affects adolescents in Europe. Using a sample of 141 Italian families (mothers, fathers, and adolescents, Mage = 17.25 years, SD = 0.64), this study explores whether three types of adolescents’ emotional insecurity, which describes adolescents’ vulnerability to conflict, play a role in the association between interparental conflict and adolescents’ adjustment. Participants completed questionnaires related to adolescents’ conflict exposure, adjustment, and emotional insecurity in the parent-adolescent, interparental, and family relationships. As hypothesized, indirect associations were observed involving adolescents’ emotional insecurity in the parent-adolescent and interparental relationships. Surprisingly, the indirect association involving emotional insecurity within the interparental relationship rather than within the family emerged the strongest indirect association of the three types of emotional insecurity. These effects, however, were indistinguishable from the indirect effects of insecurity about the parent-adolescent relationship. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Emotional insecurity as a mediator of the moderating role of dopamine genes in the association between interparental conflict and youth externalizing problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 1111-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick T. Davies ◽  
Joanna K. Pearson ◽  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Meredith J. Martin ◽  
E. Mark Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Mediated Moderation ◽  
Repeat Allele ◽  
Emotional Insecurity ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractThis study tested whether the association between interparental conflict and adolescent externalizing symptoms was moderated by a polygenic composite indexing low dopamine activity (i.e., 7-repeat allele of DRD4; Val alleles of COMT; 10-repeat variants of DAT1) in a sample of seventh-grade adolescents (Mean age = 13.0 years) and their parents. Using a longitudinal, autoregressive design, observational assessments of interparental conflict at Wave 1 predicted increases in a multi-informant measurement of youth externalizing symptoms 2 years later at Wave 3 only for children who were high on the hypodopaminergic composite. Moderation was expressed in a “for better” or “for worse” form hypothesized by differential susceptibility theory. Thus, children high on the dopaminergic composite experienced more externalizing problems than their peers when faced with more destructive conflicts but also fewer externalizing problems when exposed to more constructive interparental conflicts. Mediated moderation findings indicated that adolescent reports of their emotional insecurity in the interparental relationship partially explained the greater genetic susceptibility experienced by these children. More specifically, the dopamine composite moderated the association between Wave 1 interparental conflict and emotional insecurity 1 year later at Wave 2 in the same “for better” or “for worse” pattern as externalizing symptoms. Adolescent insecurity at Wave 2, in turn, predicted their greater externalizing symptoms 1 year later at Wave 3. Post hoc analyses further revealed that the 7-repeat allele of the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene was the primary source of plasticity in the polygenic composite. Results are discussed as to how they advance process-oriented Gene x Environment models of emotion regulation.

scholarly journals MEDIATION – A KEY INSTRUMENT IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARCHITECTURE FOR THE PEACEFUL RESOLUTION OF POSSIBLE CONFLICTS IN THE FUTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Elena Simion
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Approach ◽  
Peaceful Resolution ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The Future ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Broad Consensus

The role of mediation, in the current context of the security environment, involves the implementation of mediation techniques aimed at an integrated operational and efficient approach, depending on the development level and the requirements of the society, adapting the regulations of the mediation field, in accordance with the local specificities of each state, based on the broad consensus of the society.

Managerial coaching: where are we now and where should we go in the future?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Carvalho ◽  
Fallan Kirby Carvalho ◽  
Sheldon Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Managerial Coaching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive View ◽  
The Future

Purpose In this paper, we provide a brief understanding of the field of managerial coaching, specifically, offering insights on what has been studied and ideas on where the field can move forward. Design/methodology/approach We review managerial coaching research, focusing in particular on its consequences and determinants. Based on the review, we uncover three areas that will help advance the development of managerial coaching research. Findings Our review indicates that both individual and contextual factors influence managerial coaching. Managerial coaching is beneficial not only for employees but also for managers who engage in coaching and the teams they manage. Despite the overwhelmingly positive view of managerial coaching, emerging research addresses the detrimental effects of coaching on managers who engage in coaching. We call on researchers to undertake more work on the factors that reduce managers’ inclination to coach, dark side outcomes of coaching, and role of individual and contextual factors in influencing the effects of coaching. Originality/value By reviewing extant managerial coaching research as well as suggesting fruitful avenues for researchers to explore, this paper serves as a useful guide for scholars interested in contributing to the emerging body of research on managerial coaching.

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