scholarly journals Gut morphology, meat yield and sensory properties of laying hens fed water hyacinth {Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laubach} meal diets supplemented with Maxigrain® enzyme

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
A. A. Malik ◽  
A. Aremu ◽  
B. A. Ayanwale ◽  
A. T. Ijaiya ◽  
B. A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Gut Morphology ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Exogenous Enzyme ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

In an experiment to determine the effect of feeding varying levels of water Hyacinth Meal (WHM) supplemented with and without exogenous enzymes (Maxigrain®) on the gut morphology, meat yield and sensor properties of laying hens, a total of 216 laying hens aged 24 weeks and 4 weeks in lay were used. Six experimental diets were formulated based on the Completely Randomized Design model using a 2r3 factorial arrangement made up of no levels of enzyme (No enzyme, With enzyme) and three dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0.10 and 20%). At the end of the feeding trial, two birds per replicate were randomly selected, kept of feed for 12 hours, slaughtered, defeathered, eviscerated and dressed. The meat of the breast and thigh of each replicate sample were then selected for sensory evaluation. All parameters were expressed as percentage of live weight. Results showed that there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in live weight(LW), slaughter weight (SW), defeathered weight(DIN), eviscerated weight (EW) and dressed weight (DW) between birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation and between birds fed the varying dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0,10 and 20%). Also, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in the weight of the head, neck, breast, back, thigh, drumsticks, wings and shanks between the birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation; and between the birds fed the varying dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0. 10 and 20% ). Of all the internal organs assessed, only the gizzard weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher for the non-enzyme-supplemented diets than for the enzyme-supplemented diets. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in appearance, flavour juiciness, tenderness and overall acceptability between the meat of birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation, but the meat of birds fed 10 and 20% dietary inclusion levels of WHM had significantly (p<0.05) higher scores for tenderness and general acceptability than the meat of birds fed the 0% dietary inclusion levels of WHM. Hence, WHM can be included up to 20% in layer diets for optimal meat yield, gut morphology and sensory properties.  

scholarly journals Gut morphology, meat yield and sensory properties of laying hens fed water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laubach] meal diets supplemented with Maxigrain enzyme

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-323
Author(s):  
A. A Malik ◽  
A. Aremu ◽  
B. A Ayanwale ◽  
A. T Ijaiya ◽  
B. A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Gut Morphology ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Exogenous Enzyme ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

In an experiment to determine the effect of feeding varying levels of Water Hyacinth Meal (WHM) supplemented with and without exogenous enzymes (Maxigrain ) on the gut morphology, meat yield and sensory properties of laying hens, a total of 216 laying hens aged 24 weeks and 4 weeks in lay were used. Six experimental diets were formulated based on the Completely Randomized Design model using a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement made up of two levels of enzyme (No enzyme, With enzyme) and three dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0, 10 and 20 %). At the end of the feeding trial, two birds per replicate were randomly selected, kept off feed for 12 hours, slaughtered, defeathered, eviscerated and dressed. The meat of the breast and thigh of each replicate sample were then selected for sensory evaluation. All parameters were expressed as percentage of live weight. Results showed that there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in live weight (LW), slaughter weight (SW), defeathered weight (DW), eviscerated weight (EWT) and dressed weight (DW) between birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation; and between birds fed the varying dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0, 10 and 20 %). Also, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in the weight of the head, neck, breast, back, thigh, drumsticks, wings and shanks between the birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation; and between the birds fed the varying dietary inclusion levels of WHM (0, 10 and 20 %). Of all the internal organs assessed, only the gizzard weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher for the non-enzyme-supplemented diets than for the enzyme-supplemented diets. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in appearance, flavour, juiciness, tenderness and overall acceptability between the meat of birds fed diets supplemented with exogenous enzymes and those without exogenous enzyme supplementation; but the meat of birds fed 10 and 20 % dietary inclusion levels of WHM had significantly (p<0.05) higher scores for tenderness and general acceptability than the meat of birds fed the 0 % dietary inclusion level of WHM. Hence, WHM can be included up to 20 % in layer diets for optimal meat yield, gut morphology and sensory properties.

NEW GENERATION FEED ADDITIVE IN POULTRY BREEDING

1970 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
L. I. Naumova ◽  
М. Т. Klychnikov ◽  
N. F. Klychnikova
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Far East ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Mineral Substances

The analysis of different doses of complex feed additive to poultry ration have been made. The influence of new feed additive with bioresources of the Far East use on productive poultry indexes, on production quality and digestibility of nutritious matters of mixed feed has been studied. Patrinia scabiosifolia, Acanthopanax sesseliflorum, cones of cedare nut husk, brown seaweed, macro- and microelements, vitamins were the object of research. As a result of these researches author presents more effective norms of complex feed additive use in poultry farming of Khabarovsk Kray. The recipe of feed additive from local vegetable resources and complex of vitamins and minerals for use in laying hens nutrition was worked out. The aim of this work was to rise zootechnic and economic indexes of poultry production. The introduction of complex feed additive in ration influenced positively on the digestibility, raised the content of Omega-3 fat acid in egg of laying hens. The increase of Omega-3 fat acid quantity promotes decrease of cholesterol in yolk of egg. In the experimental groups there was a more intensive use of nutrients in diet, mainly due to raw protein, fats, mineral substances – calcium and phosphorus. The use of a new feed additive had a positive effect on the hatchability of eggs, the development of internal organs (heart, liver) and the live weight of chicks obtained from the eggs of chickens in experimental groups. Additionally, the content of mineral substances (calcium, potassium, phosphorus) in the egg of test group was higher than in the control on average by 2.3-5.1%.

Effect of Supplementation of Multi Enzymes on Production Performance and Egg Quality Traits in White Leghorn Layers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pandian ◽  
A. Sundaresan ◽  
A. V. Omprakash
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

The present study was conducted to assess the effect of supplementation of Multi-enzymes with lysophospholipids on production performance of pure line White Leghorn layers. Body weights before and after the experiment did not differ significantly across the experimental diets. Irrespective of the dietary treatments, the birds gained 3.83 per cent of live weight relative to its initial body weight. Mean per cent Hen housed egg production was significantly (Pis less than 0.05) higher in diet supplemented with 0.10 MEC-L than other groups. Mean egg weight and average daily feed consumption during 25 to 35 weeks of age indicated no significant effect of enzyme supplementation. Average daily feed consumption per bird in control, 0.05 % and 0.1% multi-enzyme supplemented groups was 108.13, 105.66 and 107.67 g respectively and birds offered control diet recorded numerically more feed intake than enzyme supplemented groups. Comparatively low feed per egg was observed in 0.10 per cent group followed by 0.05 per cent group which offers economic benefits than control diets. However, the egg quality traits between different dietary enzyme supplementation groups showed no significant difference.

scholarly journals 41 Estimating the heritability of meat quality traits in turkeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Ryley J Vanderhout ◽  
Michelle Yahiro ◽  
Benjamin Wood ◽  
Shai Barbut ◽  
Jeff S Mohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
White Striping ◽  
Breast Meat Yield

Abstract Genetic selection for improved meat quality traits has been successfully implemented in many livestock species. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability of several meat quality traits to assess their selection potential in turkeys. Pedigree toms (n = 1,033) were processed at a commercial facility and live weight, breast meat yield (as a percentage of live weight), ultimate pH, color (CIELAB values), drip loss, cooking loss, and shear force were recorded on M. pectoralis superficialis (fillet). White striping was also rated on a 1–4 scale. Heritabilities were estimated using univariate animal models in ASReml version 4.1. Hatch week and age at slaughter were included as fixed effects in the mode,l and 32 generations of pedigree records were used. Breast meat yield (h2 = 0.62; SE = 0.090) showed the highest heritability and was higher compared to previous estimates, probably due to the smaller sample size. Live weight (h2 = 0.31; SE = 0.078), ultimate pH (h2 = 0.36; SE = 0.087), lightness (h2 = 0.28; SE = 0.086), redness (h2 = 0.22; SE = 0.075), and white striping score (h2 = 0.27; SE = 0.085) all had moderate heritabilities. The estimate for ultimate pH was similar to previous studies in broilers but was high compared to previous studies in turkeys. Estimates for color were similar to those found in previous studies involving turkeys. Drip loss and cooking loss had similar heritability estimates of 0.13 (SE = 0.071) and 0.10 (SE = 0.064), respectively, which were akin to previous estimates in pork. Shear force (h2 = 0.02; SE = 0.056) was found to have a very low heritability. In conclusion, the heritability estimates provided in this study show great potential for the inclusion of meat quality traits in selection programs of turkeys. This study is part of a larger project working towards the implementation of genomic information in the selection of turkeys for improved meat quality.

Interactions between weaning age, weaning weight, sex, and enzyme supplementation on growth performance of pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Dunshea ◽  
D. K. Kerton ◽  
P. D. Cranwell ◽  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
B. P. Mullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Exogenous Enzyme ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Daily Gain

Digestive capacity of early-weaned pigs may be insufficient to fully digest many ingredients currently used in weaner diets. The aim of this experiment was to determine whether an exogenous enzyme preparation with broad carbohydrase activity could benefit pigs that developmentally might be immature at weaning, especially with regard to gastrointestinal development. Eighty Large White × Landrace pigs were used in a 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment with the factors being: weaning age (14 or 24 days), weaning weight (heavy or light), sex (boar or gilt), and dietary Biofeed Plus CT (0 or 500 μg/g) which contained fungal xylanases, pentosanases and β-glucanases. Pigs were housed individually and given a wheat-based (550 g/kg) diet containing 15.0 MJ DE and 15.9 g lysine/kg on an ad libitum basis for 21 days. The diet also contained 50 g/kg of soybean meal and 50 g/kg of lupin (Lupinus�angustifolius) kernels. The liveweights of heavy (H) pigs weaned at 24 or 14 days and light pigs (L) weaned at 24 or 14 days were 7.9 and 5.3 and 5.2 and 3.9 kg, respectively. Pigs weaned at 14 days grew slower (157 v. 345 g/day) than those weaned at 24 days, although there was a suggestion of an interaction between age and weight at weaning (P = 0.081). Thus, H and L pigs weaned at 14 days grew at 148 and 166 g/day, whereas H and L pigs weaned at 24 days grew at 374 and 315 g/day, respectively. Although there was no main effect of enzymes on daily gain (248 v. 254 g/day, P = 0.80), feed intake (278 v. 284 g/day, P = 0.79), or feed conversion ratio (1.19 v. 1.25, P�=�0.35), there were interactions with weaning age on daily gain (P = 0.050) and feed intake (P = 0.060). Pigs weaned at 14 days grew slower (176 v. 138 g/day) and ate less (206 v. 174 g/day), whereas pigs weaned at 24 days grew faster (321 v. 369 g/day) and ate more (351 v. 394 g/day), when supplemented with enzymes. During the third week after weaning there were interactions between dietary enzymes and sex (P = 0.060) and dietary enzymes and age (P = 0.023) on daily gain. Thus, pigs weaned at 24 days and supplemented with Biofeed Plus CT grew more quickly during the third week (559 v. 460 g/day), whereas the converse was true for pigs weaned at 14 days (286 v. 334 g/day). Also, enzyme-supplemented boars grew better over this period (457 v. 371 g/day), whereas the converse was true for gilts (388 v. 423 g/day). In conclusion, these data clearly indicate that the greatest determinant of post-weaning performance under the present conditions was the age of the pigs at weaning. Dietary enzyme supplementation appeared most efficacious in boars weaned at an older age, although benefits did not become apparent until 2 weeks after weaning.

scholarly journals Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Egg Fertility Traits, Egg Production and Oviduct Micro-structure of Layer Birds

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106
Author(s):  
I. C. Chibuogwu
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Exogenous Enzyme ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Egg Fertility

The effect of two classes of exogenous enzymes on the egg fertility traits, egg production efficiency and oviduct micro-structure of laying hens was evaluated. Forty-five laying hens (30-weeks old, 1.32-1.40 kg) were randomly allotted into three dietary treatments with fifteen birds per treatment (five birds each in three replicates per treatment) in a completely randomized design. Diet one served as the control diet. Diet two (FS diet) contained a nutrient-targeted exogenous enzyme preparation (Fullzyme®) at 200 g/ton, while diet three (DS diet) contained a mycotoxin-targeted exogenous enzyme preparation (Detoxizyme®) at 500 g/ton. Data on fertility traits (egg volume, length and breadth, weight, yolk diameter, albumen height, air cell, shell thickness, Haugh’s unit, and egg-lay), and egg production (feed intake, egg lay, egg lay efficiency, and feed cost per egg laid) were collected for 42 days. At the end of the experiment, three randomly selected birds per group were euthanized, and their oviducts were harvested and processed for histopathology. Hens fed enzyme supplemented diets had significantly (p < 0.05) better egg fertility traits. Feed intake in the control group did not vary (p > 0.05)from feed intake in the DS or FS group. However, feed cost per egg laid and egg-lay efficiency was higher in the control diet group than in the FS group or DS diet group. No pathologies were observed in the oviduct of birds fed enzymes supplemented or control diet. Exogenous enzymes in diet improved egg fertility traits and production without altering the oviduct micro-structure of Layer hens.

Application of the feed additive «Abiotonic» in poultry farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Valentina M. Bachinskaya ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr A. Deltsov ◽  
Dmitrii V. Gonchar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acids

This paper presents a study of the effect of the feed additive «Abiotonic» on the indicators of egg and meat productivity when applied to laying hens. It was found that with the additional introduction of this additive into the standard diet of poultry, the content of nonessential amino acids in their meat is 10% higher compared to the same parameters in the meat of chickens of the control group, the content of partially nonessential amino acids is by 8,5%, and of irreplaceable amino acids is by 6,7%. In addition, in the meat of laying hens, which used the feed additive «Abiotonic», the content of selenium (Se) is 29,4% higher than in the meat of birds of the control group, and iron (Fe) – by 20%. The average daily gain in live weight of the birds in the experimental group was 3,6 g more than in the control hens. Microbiological research made it possible to establish that poultry meat, regardless of the introduction of the feed additive «Abiotonik», meets the established requirements and is safe for human consumption. «Abiotonic», in addition, significantly improves the egg production of birds. It was found that the weight of eggs with the introduction of this feed additive in the diet in addition to the compound feed increased by an average of 1,2 g, and the egg production increased by 23 eggs in 7 days.

Productivity of laying hens when fed probiotic feed additive Amilocin

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
P. P. Kornienko ◽  
E. G. Martynova
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Normal Microflora

The possibilities of increasing the productivity of different poultry species by increasing the absorption of feed nutrients can be realized through the use of new biologically active components that are usually added to traditional feed based on live cultures of microorganisms of the normal microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. The effectiveness of different probiotic drugs varies depending on the types and strains of microorganisms that are included in their composition, the dose of the drug, the scheme of its use, age, type, physiological state and productivity of animals. The research has been carried out to study the influence of the use of the probiotic feed additive Amilocin in the diets of laying hens of the cross Hisex Brown on their productivity. The positive influence of the studied feed additive on the live weight and livability of laying hens, egg productivity, quality and quantity of eggs obtained, morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of experimental poultry, slaughter parameters and chemical composition of the meat of experimental laying hens has been established. The optimal rate of introduction of probiotic feed additive Amilocin into the diet of laying hens has been determined (0,5 g/head/day at the beginning of egg laying during 10 days, 1,0 g/head/day at the peak of egg laying during 10 days, followed by 1 g/head/day monthly for 10 days until the end of egg laying). The economics effectiveness of using the probiotic feed additive Amilocin per 1,0 ruble of costs was 1,24– 1,35 ruble. According to the research data recommendations for the use of the probiotic feed additive Amilocin have been proposed.

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