scholarly journals Naked-neck and frizzled feather fowls are high performance laying local chicken in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
R. J. Nosike ◽  
J. C. Ezike ◽  
C. N. Odukwe ◽  
O. F. Nwakpu ◽  
C. N. Okocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Egg Number ◽  
Local Chicken ◽  
Better Than

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of genotype on the laying performance of Nigerian local chicken. The experiment was carried out using 99 local chicken of the three genotypes, comprising of 90 hens and 9 cocks (33 frizzle feather, 33 naked-neck feather and 33 normal feathered). Eggs were collected from the different genotypes for 8 weeks. The laying performance traits were egg number, hen-housed (%) and hen-day (%) egg production. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA in a completely randomised design. The hen-day egg production showed significant differences (P<0.05) in all the weeks. Naked-neck genotype performed better in terms of hen-day egg production than the other two genotypes and had highest values in week 1 (27.14±0.01), week 5 (27.60±0.09), week 7 (34.53±1.13) andweek 8 (16.30±0.03). Therewere significant differences (P<0.05) in all the weeks for hen-housed egg production and naked-neck also performed better than the frizzled and normal feather apart from week 2, 3 and 6. The naked-neck genotype had highest mean values in week 1, 4, 5, 7 and 8 with 27.18±0.06, 25.70±0.02, 19.33±0.67, 24.08±0.22 and 11.39±0.03 respectively for hen-housed egg production. The naked-neck had significantly (P<0.05) higher values for egg number when compared with frizzle and normal feathered genotypes. The values ranged between 5.67±0.67 to 2.00±0.10 (naked-neck), 6.33±0.33 to 2.67±0.67 (frizzle) and 3.33±0.33 to 1.33±0.33 (normal). It is therefore, reasonable to incorporate the naked-neck and frizzled feather genotypes of local chicken in producing locally-adapted commercial eggs

scholarly journals Mathematical Modelling of Egg Production Curves of Shikabrown Parents

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
A. Ahmadu ◽  
M. Kabir ◽  
A. O. Iyiola-Tunji ◽  
O. M. Akinsola ◽  
H. Igbadun
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Egg Number ◽  
Better Than

This study was conducted to evaluate egg production curves of Shikabrown parents, using  mathematical models. A total of 200 birds: 100 from each of the two strains of Shikabrown®  parents (sire and dam) lines at the Breeding Unit of Poultry Research Programme, National Animal Production Research Institute (NAPRI) were used for the study. The birds were obtained from the selected lines (sire and dam) and were denoted as Strain A and Strain B, respectively. Body weight (BWT), age at sexual maturity (ASM), egg number (EGGNO), and egg weight (EWT) were examined. Four non-linear models (Logistic, Richard, Gompertz, and Exponential) and a linear model were used to predict the efficiency of weekly bodyweight and egg production traits. The adequacies of the models were fitted using R Package, version 3.0.3. High coefficients of determination for BWT (R2 = 0.84 - 0.93) were recorded in the models for both Strains. Strain A had higher R2 (0.93) for BWT in Richard, Gompertz and Exponential models while Strain B recorded (R2 = 0.89) in Logistic, Richard and Gomprtz models. High coefficient of determination was obtained in a reproductive trait; egg number; in which almost all the models gave (R2 = 0.70). Exponential model recorded a higher R2 (0.93) for EGGNO in strain A. EWT in strain A recorded higher R2 (0.96) coefficient of determination across the four nonlinear models except linear model with (R2 = 0.95) for egg weight. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in the birds' performance for BWT and EWT, with strain B having a higher BWT (1.59±0.01) and Strain A having a higher EWT (48.75±0.17). Similarly, age of birds in lay had a concomitant significant differences (P<0.05) in their BWT as well as their EWT. The birds performed better for BWT and EWT in week 26 and 27 for both Strains. It was concluded that Strain significantly (P<0.05) had effect on BWT and EWT of Shikabrown® parent with Stain B performing better than Strain A in the former trait and strain A better than strain B in the latter trait. R2 identified differences between Strains in predicting egg production traits. Strain B was adjudged good and profitable because the Strain had the highest mean values in body weight and egg number and it is being recommended as one of the lines for future improvement of Shikabrown® .

scholarly journals Performance of Laying Hens Fed Sorghum Based Diets Supplemented with Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
O. M. Agunbiade ◽  
P. A. Onimisi ◽  
J. J. Omage
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Sorghum is the primary alternative feedstuff for corn in some developed countries in the production of poultry. Thus, four hundred and fifty 32 weeks old Lohmann Brown laying hens were used in a study to evaluate the effect of replacing maize with sorghum with or without enzymes supplementation, on egg laying performance and egg quality characteristics of laying hens. Birds were distributed randomly into six dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment, each replicate had 25 birds with uniform initial group weights. The treatments included maize without enzymes (T1); sorghum without enzymes (T2); as controls respectively, while T3, T4, T5, and T6 contained sorghum based diets with phytase, protease, G2G, and a combination of protease and G2G respectively. Laying performance, cost of production, and egg quality characteristics were determined for the period of the trial, 33-56 weeks of age of the birds. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, using the completely randomized design (CRD) and significant differences among treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed among dietary treatments but with no defined trend observed for egg production traits. Daily feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in maize control diet compared to the other treatments. Diets supplemented with phytase (T3), protease (14), and combination of protease and roxazyme G2G (T6) had significantly (p<0.05) better feed conversion ratio with T3 having the lowest value of 4.01 compared to the other treatments. For feed cost/dozen egg (N), Kg feed/dozen eggs, income above feed cost at N30 per egg, and income above control treatment; phytase (T3), protease (T4), roxazyme 626 (T5), and protease + roxacyme G2G (T6) diets in this study showed better performance than the control. Sorghum diet without enzyme had significantly (p<0.05) least performance for egg number. Hen housed egg production (HHP) and hen day egg production (HDP) compared to the other treatments while sorghum diet with phytase had the highest value (60.12g/day) for average egg weight compared to the other treatments. Egg quality characteristics showed the best performance for dietary treatments supplemented with phytase (T3) in all the other parameters considered, apart from the albumen height, yolk diameter, and yolk index. It was concluded therefore, that sorghum with phytase and protease supplementations can be used in layers' diets as a substitute for maize for optimum egg production.

scholarly journals Performance of Rhode Island Red, Black Australorp, and Naked Neck crossbreds under alternative production systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-577
Author(s):  
M. Usman ◽  
A. Mahmud ◽  
J. Hussain ◽  
A. Javid
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Production System ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Egg Volume ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Better Than

The effects of the production system, breed cross, and their interaction on performance, egg quality, and hatching traits were evaluated. Rhode Island Red and Black Australorp were crossed with Naked Neck chickens (first generation RNN, and BNN, respectively). These crosses were mated among themselves and crossed to produce four crossbreds: RR (RNN x RNN), BB (BNN x BNN), RB (RNN x BNN), and BR (BNN x RNN). Thirty-six pullets and 9 cockerels from each crossbred were maintained in three production systems: the aviary system (AV), conventional cages (CC), and enriched cages (EC). Thus there were 48 pullets and 12 cockerels in each production system. Bodyweight, egg production percentage, and egg weight were highest in EC, followed by CC and AV. Higher egg weight, egg surface area, and egg volume were also observed in EC compared with CC and AV. Fertility and hatchability were higher and early embryonic mortality was lower in AV than in EC and CC. Bodyweight, egg production percentage, egg weight, egg volume, and surface area were higher for RB and BR than for BB and RR. Fertility and hatchability were similar for RB and BR. RR was similar to BR, but lower than RB. BB had the lowest fertility and hatchability. Thus, chickens in EC performed better than in the other systems, except that hatching traits were better in AV. RB and BR performed better than BB and RR.Key words: breed crosses, chicken, egg quality, hatchability

Mean alveolar gases and alveolar-arterial gradients in pulmonary patients

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. C. Luft ◽  
J. A. Loeppky ◽  
E. M. Mostyn
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Dead Space ◽  
Best Approximation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Best Approximation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Better Than

In view of uncertainties about the best way to estimate mean alveolar gases in patients with ventilation-perfusion inequalities, three different methods were evaluated on 54 patients. 1) O2 and CO2 were recorded by mass spectrometer on an O2 (x)-CO2 (y) diagram. The coordinates at the intersect of the expiratory record with the mixed expired R line (RE) ives the mean alveolar values (PAo2 and PAco2. 2)pa'co2 was calculated with the Bohr equation using a predicted anatomic dead space and PA'o2 was derived with the alveolar equation. 3) End-tidal (ET) P02 were averaged over 1 min at rest in steady state. Mean RET calculated from 3 was identical with RE. Mean values for PAco2, PA'CO2. and PETco2 differed by less that 1 Torr, but the variance was least with the end-tidal method. There was a highly significant correlation between delta aAPco2 using PETco2 and VD/VT, better than with either of the other methods. The end-tidal measurement appears to give the best approximation of mean alveolar gas in pulmonary patients.

Phenotypic characterization of local Ghanaian chickens: egg-laying performance under improved management conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Osei-Amponsah ◽  
B.B. Kayang ◽  
A. Naazie ◽  
M. Tiexier-Boichard ◽  
X. Rognon
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Local Chicken ◽  
Local Chickens

SummaryEgg production performance of 571 local Ghanaian chickens and 107 SASSO T44 chickens kept under improved management conditions were analysed. Average egg weight, hen-day egg production and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined for the three experimental chicken ecotypes. Hen-day production was significantly (P&lt; 0.05) higher in the savannah local chicken ecotype than the forest ecotype and SASSO T44 chickens. Egg weights of local Ghanaian chickens compared favourably with values reported for local chickens in Africa. On the average, SASSO T44 had significantly (P&lt; 0.05) higher egg weights and feed intake compared with the local chicken ecotypes. The local chicken ecotypes on the other hand, had significantly (P&lt; 0.05) better feed conversion ratios than SASSO T44 chicken. Local Ghanaian chicken ecotypes have a more efficient FCR per every unit of egg produced compared with the control population. Low feed intake, good feed conversion ratios and adaptation to the environment are traits local chicken harbour which can be exploited in future breeding programmes to improve on chicken meat and egg production in Ghana. Ghanaian local chickens could thus be a valuable genetic resource for the development of an efficient egg production chicken breed adaptable to the humid tropical climates.

The Restricted Ovulator Chicken: A Unique Animal Model for Investigating the Etiology of Ovarian Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Giles ◽  
Robert G. Elkin ◽  
Lindsey S. Trevino ◽  
Mary E. Urick ◽  
Ramesh Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Data ◽  
First Year ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Plasma Estradiol ◽  
Collection Period

Objective:The main goal of this study was to compare the incidence of ovarian cancer (OC) in 2 genetically different lines of hens-one that generally fails to lay eggs (the mutant "restricted ovulator" [RO] strain) and the other consisting of the wild-type (WT) siblings of the mutant RO hens.Methods:Individual egg production data were obtained over a 972-day period for 31 RO hens and 33 WT hens. At 38 months of age, hens were killed, and their abdominal cavities were examined for any gross evidence of tumors. Samples of ovarian tissue were processed and assessed for histopathology and protein expression of ovalbumin. Plasma estradiol concentrations were also determined.Results:Only 1 (3%) of the 31 RO hens was diagnosed with OC as compared with 9 (27%) of the 33 WT hens (P < 0.05). Wild-type hens laid more eggs than did RO hens during the 31-month collection period (average of 422 vs 28, respectively; P < 0.05). Although there was no difference in overall rate of ovulation between hens with and without OC, WT hens diagnosed with OC laid a greater percentage of their total number of eggs in the first year of production. Plasma estradiol concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in RO versus WT hens.Conclusions:The results of this study strongly suggest that the number of ovulatory events is directly related to the incidence of OC in chickens. Clearly, other factors modify the risk of OC because there was no difference in ovulation rate between WT hens with and without OC. The mutant RO hen represents a valuable animal model for studying the etiology of OC.

scholarly journals Dual-purpose production of eggs and meat—part 2: hens of crosses between layer and meat breeds show moderate laying performance but choose feed with less protein than a layer hybrid, indicating the potential to reduce protein in diets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Baldinger ◽  
R. Bussemas
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Protein Feed

Abstract The use of modern chicken genotypes with high egg or meat performance results in the ethically unacceptable practice of culling day-old male layer chicks because of their inefficient fattening performance. Dual-purpose genotypes with a balanced performance profile for eggs and meat are one option to avoid this practice. In this study, the performance of four crosses of a layer breed (White Rock or New Hampshire) and the meat breed Bresse Gauloise, purebred Bresse Gauloise and the layer hybrid Lohmann Sandy was compared under organic husbandry conditions. Part 2 focuses on the laying performance of the hens until the age of 72 weeks and their feed choices when offered energy-rich and protein-rich feed mixtures. Feed consumption was generally high (133–143 g day−1), but the crosses consumed less protein feed than Lohmann Sandy, indicating a potential to reduce the proportion of high-protein components. Bresse Gauloise × White Rock showed severe plumage loss due to feather pecking, which was most likely caused by their low consumption of protein feed. Apparently, free-choice feeding did not agree with this genotype. Average laying performance of the crosses was 68–73% total eggs per average hen, which can be considered moderate. Average egg weights and egg size distribution were comparable with Lohmann Sandy, while slaughter performance of the senior hens was comparable with purebred Bresse Gauloise. Based on these findings, egg production with dual-purpose laying hens can be an ethically desirable alternative to high-performance genotypes, but will require further research on optimal feeding strategies and animal behaviour. Trial registered on July 7, 2017 (reference number V 241-26532/2017)

Comparison of Models Correlating Cumulative Oil Production and Water Cut

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhui Cheng ◽  
Kewen Li
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Single Figure ◽  
Low Permeability Reservoirs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

There have been many models to estimate reserves and predict oil production performance using the relationship between water cut, fw, (or water-oil ratio, WOR) and cumulative oil production (Np) in the literature. However, it is difficult to choose the suitable models for specific reservoirs. On the other hand, consistency and accuracy are yet to be improved. In this study, several frequently used models for predicting cumulative oil production using water cut have been compared using production data from low permeability reservoirs. These models include the conventional model, the Ershaghi–Omoregie model, the Purvis model, the Arps model, the Bondar–Blasingame model, and the Warren model. All of the models were applied to production data, respectively, and then compared in one single figure, that is, fw versus Np, for one set of production data from both reservoirs and the core sample. To do so, it facilitated the comparison of different models. Otherwise, it may be difficult to make the comparison for all of the models because the models have different dependent variables. The analysis and discussion to the results have been conducted. The results have demonstrated that no model could fit all of the cases studied. Each model has the advantages and limitations. However, the Warren model is better than the other five models statistically. It fits most of the cases studied satisfactorily.

scholarly journals Egg laying performance and economics of production of japanese quails fed diets containing peeled and cooked sweet potato meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
J. A. Edache ◽  
C. D. Tuleun ◽  
O. I. A. Oluremi ◽  
S. N. Carew
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Laying Performance

Japanese quails are small in size, early maturing, come to egg production between 5 and 6 week of life, hardy and prolific but requires local feeds for sustainability. Thus, a feeding trial which lasted for six months was carried out to investigate the effect of feeding peeled and cooked sweet potato tuber on hen-day egg production and economics of production of Japanese quails. Five isonitrogenous (20%CP) diets were compounded. The control diet (A) had zero sweet potato tuber meal. In the other four diets, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of maize was replaced with peeled and cooked sweet potato tuber meal. Three hundred point-of-lay female Japanese quail birds were randomly allotted to the diets in a completely randomized design.Feed and water were provided ad libitum for six months. Each diet was allocated to 60 quail chicks, which were further divided into three replicates of 20 birds each to determine the performance characteristics of the quails. Feed intake, body weight change, age at first eggs, age at 50% egg production, age at 75% egg production, hen-day egg production, hen-housed egg production and feed per dozen eggs were similar (pfi 0.05) across the diets. Water intake birds on diet A was significantly (pfi 0.05) lower than the birds on the sweet potato diets. Water intake was significantly (pfi 0.05) higher by birds on diet D (51.93ml/bird/day) than those on diets A (42.60) and C (46.68mL/bird/day). Total cost of production did not differ significantly across the diets. Gross margin was significantly higher on diet C (N67, 227.64) than on the other diets except for diet D (N65, 795.52). Results showed that peeled and cooked sweet potato can completely replace maize in the diet of laying quails without adverse effects on performance or on economics of production

scholarly journals PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF EGG PRODUCTION MODELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
O. O. ONI ◽  
B. Y. ABUBAKAR ◽  
N. I. DIM ◽  
O. E. ASIRIBO ◽  
I. A. ADEYINKA
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Production Models

The monthly egg production data of a strain of Rhode Island chickens were used to compare three mathematical models (the Parabolic exponential, Wood's Gamma and modified Gamma by McNally) on their ability to predict 52 week total egg production from part-production at 16, 20, and 24 weeks, on a hen-housed basis. The results suggest that the three models fitted 52 week laying records quite well, judging from their respective R values, which were higher for McNally (0.95) and Parabolic exponential (0.93) than for Wood (0.75). however, their ability to predict 52 week egg production from part-records of 16, 20 24 wks varied. The prediction of total production based on fit to 24 week of data was more accurate for the McNally. The latter consistently predicted less than the actual 52 week (-1.13% deviation), but the other 2 models tended to over estimate production (i.e. 12.26 and 13% deviations for Parabolic exponential andf Wood models, respectively). It was concluded that based on the goodness of fit to 52 week production record and accuracy to predict full record egg productioon from part record, the McNally model gave the best results, and could therfefore be said to have theoretical advantages over the other models. It may thus be found useful in decision making concerening replacemet of layer flocks.

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