scholarly journals Dual-purpose production of eggs and meat—part 2: hens of crosses between layer and meat breeds show moderate laying performance but choose feed with less protein than a layer hybrid, indicating the potential to reduce protein in diets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Baldinger ◽  
R. Bussemas
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Protein Feed

Abstract The use of modern chicken genotypes with high egg or meat performance results in the ethically unacceptable practice of culling day-old male layer chicks because of their inefficient fattening performance. Dual-purpose genotypes with a balanced performance profile for eggs and meat are one option to avoid this practice. In this study, the performance of four crosses of a layer breed (White Rock or New Hampshire) and the meat breed Bresse Gauloise, purebred Bresse Gauloise and the layer hybrid Lohmann Sandy was compared under organic husbandry conditions. Part 2 focuses on the laying performance of the hens until the age of 72 weeks and their feed choices when offered energy-rich and protein-rich feed mixtures. Feed consumption was generally high (133–143 g day−1), but the crosses consumed less protein feed than Lohmann Sandy, indicating a potential to reduce the proportion of high-protein components. Bresse Gauloise × White Rock showed severe plumage loss due to feather pecking, which was most likely caused by their low consumption of protein feed. Apparently, free-choice feeding did not agree with this genotype. Average laying performance of the crosses was 68–73% total eggs per average hen, which can be considered moderate. Average egg weights and egg size distribution were comparable with Lohmann Sandy, while slaughter performance of the senior hens was comparable with purebred Bresse Gauloise. Based on these findings, egg production with dual-purpose laying hens can be an ethically desirable alternative to high-performance genotypes, but will require further research on optimal feeding strategies and animal behaviour. Trial registered on July 7, 2017 (reference number V 241-26532/2017)

scholarly journals Egg laying response of Arco black hen to garri chaff and cassava peel based diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
A. B. Gbadegesin ◽  
T. T Bello ◽  
F. A. O. Akinnusi
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
By Products ◽  
Cassava Peel

The need to optimize the utilization of garri processing by-products and improve the protein availability through egg production motivated this study. 165 Acro Black laying hen of 41 weeks old were grouped into five dietary treatments of 35 birds per treatment and five replicates of seven birds each. Layers' diets were compounded at 0%, 11.25%, 22.5%, 33.5% and 45% of garri chaff and 0%, 3.575%, 7.15%, 10.275% and 14.3% of sun dried cassava peel levels of inclusion. The diets and groups of birds were labelled A, B, C, D and E and the birds were fed with their corresponding diets for 6 consecutive weeks. Records of feed consumption and number of eggs laid were taken daily throughout the period of experimentation. The results showed that egg laying performance was of the order C>D>A>B>E among the dietary treatments. While egg laying performance hovered around 60% in the control treatment A, it increased from 57% to 86% in group C. Birds in treatment E had the least feed consumption and least egg laying performance. Weight increase of the birds at the end of the experimentation were of the order A>B>D>C>E. It was thus concluded that garri chaff and cassava peel appeared useful as ingredients in layers' diets at about equal quantity with maize and wheat offal, respectively but the feed should be adequately fortified with protein rich feedstuffs and the diets must be introduced early to avoid rejection by the birds.

scholarly journals PSIX-33 Effects of corn protein concentrate levels on egg production and egg quality parameters of commercial layers

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 345-345
Author(s):  
Alfredo Herrera ◽  
Mario Ortiz ◽  
Hector Torrealba ◽  
Christian H Ponce
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Corn Protein ◽  
Laying Performance

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of corn protein concentrate (CPC) levels in the diets on laying performance, and egg quality of laying hens. A total of 180 64-wk-old laying hens (2.05 kg ± 0.19 kg of live weight) were randomly assigned to 36 cages (5 birds/cage) with separate feeders, including 6 dietary treatments. Birds were fed 1 of 6 experimental diets containing CPC at different levels (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5%) for 10 weeks. Diets were isocaloric (2850 Mcal/kg) and isonitrogenous (CP, 15.0%), having similar digestible amino acid profile. Hens were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment to determine BW change. Egg production, feed consumption and egg weight were recorded daily, while egg quality variables were evaluated every 14 days. Data were analyzed using the general linear model procedure of SAS in a complete randomized design. The cage was considered the experimental unit. Linear and quadratic effects of treatment were used for mean separation and significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05. Hens fed CPC maintained BW and gain at an increased rate (Quadraic: P < 0.01). Feed intake increased as CPC increased in the diet (Lineal and quadratic: P < 0.01). Egg production, mass and weight were increased as CPC increased in the diet (Quadraic: P < 0.01). Feed conversion rate was improved as CPC increased in the diet (Lineal and Quadraic: P < 0.02). Shell thickness and breaking strength tended to linearly increased as CPC increased in the diet (P < 0.06). Albumen height and Haugh unit were not altered by dietary treatment (P > 0.25). Yolk color was increased as CPC increased in the diet (P < 0.01). Results from this experiment suggest addition of up to 2.5% CPC in the diet enhances egg production and some parameters of egg quality.

Dietary zinc supplementation and the performance and behaviour of caged laying hens

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Zahra Sorosh ◽  
Somayyeh Salari ◽  
Mohsen Sari ◽  
Jamal Fayazi ◽  
Saleh Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Laying Performance

There is considerable behavioural evidence demonstrating stress reactions in birds. Behaviour of birds can affect their performance parameters. Also, nutritional factors may affect the behaviour of laying hens. Dietary deficiencies, such as minerals can increase feather-pecking behaviour and cannibalism. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of dietary zinc (Zn) on performance and behaviour of laying hens with four treatments (40, 70, 100, 130 mg Zn/kg of diet) with 96 Hy-Line W-36 leghorn hens for 10 weeks. The results showed that egg production for hens receiving 130 mg Zn/kg of diet was significantly higher than for those receiving 40 and 70 mg Zn/kg of diet (P < 0.05). Those hens receiving 130 mg Zn/kg of diet had lower feed consumption compared with those that had other treatments (P < 0.05). Dietary inclusion of Zn caused an improvement to feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). There was a treatment × time interaction on feeding behaviour that hens received 130 mg Zn/kg of diet spent significantly less time at the feeder than the other treatments. Hens receiving 130 mg Zn/kg of diet spent significantly less time drinking than the hens that received 40 and 70 mg Zn/kg of diet. Also, those that received 130 mg Zn/kg of diet did more non-nutritive pecking and preening than the hens that received 40 and 70 mg Zn/kg of diet. High levels of Zn decreased the aggressive behaviour of hens compared with those that received 40 mg Zn/kg of diet (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that Zn can improve laying performance, and can decrease aggressive behaviour.

The laying performance of hens fed Uniwhite lupin seed and supplementary DL-methionine

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
RJ Hughes ◽  
KS Orange
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Factorial Treatments

Hens, aged 34 weeks, were fed diets containing 0, 10 or 20 per cent lupin seed (cv. Uniwhite) and sufficient DL-methionine to raise the level to either 1.23 or 2 per cent of the protein. (1.23 per cent was the proportion of methionine in the control diet containing wheat, barley and meat-meal but no lupin seed.) The hens were fed for 24 weeks and each diet had the same metabolizable energy to nutrient ratio for each of the following: crude protein, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and supplementary vitamins and trace elements. Egg number, egg weight, graded quality of eggs and mortality were recorded daily. Feed consumption was recorded midway and at the end of the experiment. An average peak rate of lay of 76 per cent was reached at 34 weeks and held until hens were 39 weeks of age. At the end of the study (hens aged 58 weeks), the average rate of lay was 57 per cent. Feed consumption increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increased proportions of lupin seed in the diet. There was a significant difference in mean egg weight (58.1 v 58.6 g) between factorial treatments containing methionine at 1.23 and 2 per cent of the protein. There were no significant differences between factorial treatments in any other of the measurements analyzed, namely, hen-day egg production, consumption of metabolizable energy or of protein, or the metabolizable energy or protein required per kg of egg. Uniwhite lupin seed supplemented with methionine was included in a laying diet at 10 and 20 per cent without a subsequent loss of laying performance.

scholarly journals The Influence of Phytase Enzyme to Laying Performance and Quality of Egg Shell of Golden Arabian Chicken

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Eli Sahara ◽  
Feni Despedia ◽  
Raden Ayu Aminah
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Eggshell Thickness ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Laying Performance

Poultry has low ability to digest dietary fibre and to process phytate. Rice bran is intensively used in poultry ration although it contains little bit higher in fibre and phytate. The purpose of this study was to find out the optimal level of phytase the enzyme that could break down phytate in the ration of Golden Arabian chicken to increase performance and physical quality of the eggs. This study used 90 golden arabian chickens (Golden Brakel Kriel), approximately five months of age. Individual cage with a wire floor was equipped with a feed and drinking troughs. Experimental ration was with a mixture of corn, rice bran, commercial concentrate, and mineral mixture. Phytase was added at the level of: zerro, without phytase = P1; 100 FTU/ kg of ration; 200 FTU/kgof ration = P2; 300 FTU/kg of ration =P3; 400 FTU/ kg of ration = P4; and 500 FTU/kg of ration = P5. Experimental design that used in this study was Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and five replications and three golden arabian chickens per experimental unit. Results showed that the addition of phytase in golden arabian chickens ration improved the hen day production (P <0.05) up to 71.43% and increased the physical quality, especially weight of eggshell significantly (P <0.05) up to 4.516 gram (phytase enzyme 300 FTU/kg) . In conclusion, that the level of the phytase of 300 FTU/kg of ration was the most optimal dose to increase the daily egg production and improve the physical quality. However, the addition of phytase did not affect to feed consumption, feed efficiency, eggshell thickness and eggshell thickness index.

scholarly journals Egg Production and Bone Stability of Local Chicken Breeds and Their Crosses Fed with Faba Beans

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Nolte ◽  
Simon Jansen ◽  
Ingrid Halle ◽  
Armin Manfred Scholz ◽  
Henner Simianer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
The Public ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Chicken Breeds

Poultry production is raising concerns within the public regarding the practice of culling day-old chicks and the importation of soy from overseas for feedstuff. Therefore, an alternative approach to poultry production was tested. In two consecutive experiments, two traditional chicken breeds, Vorwerkhuhn and Bresse Gauloise, and White Rock as a commercial layer genotype as well as crossbreds thereof were fed diets containing either 20% vicin-rich or vicin-poor faba beans, though addressing both subjects of debate. Hen performance traits and bone stability were recorded. All parameters were considerably influenced by the genotype with White Rock showing the significantly highest (p < 0.05) laying performance (99.4% peak production) and mean egg weights (56.6 g) of the purebreds, but the lowest bone breaking strength (tibiotarsus 197.2 N, humerus 230.2 N). Regarding crossbreds, the Bresse Gauloise × White Rock cross performed best (peak production 98.1%, mean egg weight 58.0 g). However, only limited dietary effects were found as only the feeding of 20% vicin-rich faba beans led to a significant reduction of egg weights of at most 1.1 g (p < 0.05) and to a significant reduction of the shell stability in the crossbred genotypes. In terms of dual-purpose usage, crossing of Bresse Gauloise with White Rock seems to be the most promising variant studied here.

scholarly journals Naked-neck and frizzled feather fowls are high performance laying local chicken in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
R. J. Nosike ◽  
J. C. Ezike ◽  
C. N. Odukwe ◽  
O. F. Nwakpu ◽  
C. N. Okocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Egg Number ◽  
Local Chicken ◽  
Better Than

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of genotype on the laying performance of Nigerian local chicken. The experiment was carried out using 99 local chicken of the three genotypes, comprising of 90 hens and 9 cocks (33 frizzle feather, 33 naked-neck feather and 33 normal feathered). Eggs were collected from the different genotypes for 8 weeks. The laying performance traits were egg number, hen-housed (%) and hen-day (%) egg production. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA in a completely randomised design. The hen-day egg production showed significant differences (P<0.05) in all the weeks. Naked-neck genotype performed better in terms of hen-day egg production than the other two genotypes and had highest values in week 1 (27.14±0.01), week 5 (27.60±0.09), week 7 (34.53±1.13) andweek 8 (16.30±0.03). Therewere significant differences (P<0.05) in all the weeks for hen-housed egg production and naked-neck also performed better than the frizzled and normal feather apart from week 2, 3 and 6. The naked-neck genotype had highest mean values in week 1, 4, 5, 7 and 8 with 27.18±0.06, 25.70±0.02, 19.33±0.67, 24.08±0.22 and 11.39±0.03 respectively for hen-housed egg production. The naked-neck had significantly (P<0.05) higher values for egg number when compared with frizzle and normal feathered genotypes. The values ranged between 5.67±0.67 to 2.00±0.10 (naked-neck), 6.33±0.33 to 2.67±0.67 (frizzle) and 3.33±0.33 to 1.33±0.33 (normal). It is therefore, reasonable to incorporate the naked-neck and frizzled feather genotypes of local chicken in producing locally-adapted commercial eggs

Use of L-carnitine and humate in laying quail diets

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakine Yalçin ◽  
A. Ergün ◽  
Handan Erol ◽  
Suzan Yalçin ◽  
B. Özsoy
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Haugh Unit

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of using L-carnitine and humate alone or in combination in quail diets on laying performance, egg traits and blood parameters. A total of 280 Japanese quails aged 10 weeks, divided into one control group and three treatment groups, were used. The diets of the first, second and third treatment groups were supplemented with 100 mg L-carnitine/kg, 1.5 g humate (Farmagülatör® Dry Plus)/kg and 100 mg L-carnitine + 1.5 g humate/kg, respectively. The experimental period lasted 16 weeks. The addition of L-carnitine and sodium humate alone or in combination did not significantly affect body weight, feed consumption, egg production, feed conversion ratio, mortality, egg-shell thickness, egg yolk index and the percentages of egg-shell, albumen and yolk. Egg weight increased (P < 0.001) with L-carnitine supplementation. The values of egg albumen height (P < 0.05), egg albumen index (P < 0.01) and egg Haugh unit (P < 0.05) were increased with humate supplementation. Egg cholesterol content and blood serum parameters were not affected by the supplementation of L-carnitine with or without humate. The results in this study demonstrated that L-carnitine supplementation increased egg weight while humate addition increased egg albumen index and egg Haugh unit of laying quails. However, the combined administration of L-carnitine and humate did not have any significant effects on the parameters measured.

Utilization Of Golden Snail Flour (GSF) on Ration of Quail

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-201
Author(s):  
Vera Novita Sari Siahaan ◽  
T.H. Wahyuni ◽  
A.H.Daulay ◽  
S.R.Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Protein Feed

Feed is one of the critical factors for the success of livestock production because it contributes 70-80% of production costs. High protein feed ingredients are expensive, so it is necessary to use non conventional feed. Golden snail are pests that interfere to rice growth in agricultural areas, one of which is in North Tapanuli Regency. Golden snail have a high protein content so they are very efficient to use as a source of protein feed. In this study, golden snail in the form of flour was used as a substitute for fish meal in laying quail rations. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments, namely P0 = 8% fish meal, P1 = 4% GSF, P2 = 8% GSF, P3 = 12% GSF with 5 replications. The research parameters were feed consumption, egg production, egg weight, feed conversion and over feed cost income. The results showed a significant effect of P2 on egg production as much as 31.71% and income over feed cost IDR 2602.15/ head compare to other treatments of quail eggs. However, giving GSF did not show a significant effect on egg weight, feed consumption and ration conversion. The results showed that the use of GSF was suitable as a substitute for fish meal on quail feed an application of 8% GSF for quail feed was a novelty finding.

scholarly journals Production performance and survivability of six dual-purpose breeds of chicken under smallholder farmers' management practices in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-408
Author(s):  
Folasade Olubukola Ajayi ◽  
Oladeji Bamidele ◽  
Waheed Akinola Hassan ◽  
Uduak Ogundu ◽  
Abdulmojeed Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Northern Guinea Savanna ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Freshwater Swamp ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Lowland Rainforest

Abstract. Chickens kept under free-range, backyard or semi-intensive systems in the developing countries have more diverse use and benefits to rural households. Their use varies from region to region and from community to community within a region. The study investigated growth, laying performance and survivability of six improved dual-purpose breeds in five agroecologies of Nigeria represented by the following states: Kebbi (Sudan savanna/northern Guinea savanna); Kwara (northern Guinea savanna/southern Guinea savanna); Nasarawa (southern Guinea savanna/derived savanna); Imo (lowland rainforest/swamp); and Rivers (freshwater swamp/mangrove swamp). On-farm data were obtained from 2100 smallholder poultry farmers that received an average of 30 birds (mixed sexes) of any one of the following dual-purpose breeds (Fulani, FUNAAB Alpha, Kuroiler, Noiler, Sasso and Shika-Brown) randomly allocated to them. The farmers used the backyard, scavenging system of management. Body weight and mortality records for cocks were taken for 18 weeks, while body weight, mortality, egg production and egg weight data were collected for hens up to 72 weeks. Compared with the local cocks (680 g), Kuroiler (1391 g), Sasso (1398 g) and Noiler (1461 g) had over 200 % body weight at 18 weeks. Hen day egg production (HDEP) was higher in Shika-Brown (45.9 %), FUNAAB Alpha (45.8 %) and Kuroiler (45.7 %) compared with the other breeds. Fulani, FUNAAB Alpha and Shika-Brown had higher survivabilities (p<0.05) than Noiler, Sasso and Kuroiler. Ranking of the breeds for growth, laying performance and survivability was as follows: Shika-Brown/Sasso > FUNAAB Alpha/Noiler > Kuroiler > Fulani. The performance of the breeds was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the agroecologies. The cock body weights for Fulani (1121.1 g), FUNAAB Alpha (1502.4 g) and Noiler (1459.2 g) were highest in Kebbi, while for Kuroiler (1561.0 g), Sasso (1695.9 g) and Shika-Brown (1131.6 g) cock body weights were highest in Imo. Across the states, Imo had the highest HDEP (62.8 %). Overall, the lowland rainforest/ freshwater swamp agroecologies supported the highest production performance of the breeds.

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