scholarly journals Effect of irish potato peel and yam peel meals on the performance and nutrient digestibility of weaner rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
R. Yaqoob ◽  
J. J. Omage ◽  
Y. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of Irish potato peel meal (IPPM) and  yam peel meal (YPM) on the performance of weaner rabbits. Twenty-five weaner rabbits  were assigned to five dietary treatments of five rabbits each, and were individually caged in a  completely randomized design. The rabbits were fed the dietary treatments, where treatment  one (T1) was the control with no IPPM and YPM, treatment two (T2) and treatment three (T3)  with 20% and 30% IPPM, respectively while treatment four (T4) and five (T5) had 20% each  and 30% each of the combination of IPPM and YPM, respectively. The parameters measured  were initial weight, final weight, average feed intake, average weight gain, feed to gain ratio,  water intake, feed cost/Kg gain, proximate composition and feed digestibility of the feed  materials. The result showed that average daily feed intake was significantly higher  (P<0.05) in the rabbits fed with the control diet (T1) compared to the other treatments. The  feed to gain ratio were similar in all the treatments. The feed cost per kg gain was  significantly different (P<0.05) across the treatments. crude protein, crude fibre and ash  digestibility were significantly higher in T1 (control) compared to T2, T3and T5, but was  similar to T4. ether extract and NFE digestibility were significantly higher (P<0.05) in T1  compared to all other treatments. It is concluded that, Irish potato peel and yam peel meals  can be used to replace maize in the conventional rabbit feed without any adverse effect on  their growth performance and nutrient digestibility. 

scholarly journals Effect of dietary Black pepper (Piper nigrum) on the performance of broiler

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
EK Ndelekwute ◽  
KD Afolabi ◽  
HO Uzegbu ◽  
UL Unah ◽  
KU Amaefule
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted to determine the dietary effect of different levels of ground black pepper (Piper nigrum) on growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. There were five dietary treatments each containing 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 % black pepper (BP) fed at both starter and finisher phases. One hundred and fifty (150) day old chicks of Arbor-acre strain were divided into five dietary groups having three replication with 10 in each. The five dietary treatments were randomly assigned into five groups. The birds were fed and watered ad libitum. At the starter phase 0.25 and 0.5 % BP improved live weight significantly (p<0.05). Feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) reduced at 1.00% BP. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in daily gain, feed: gain ratio and protein efficiency ratio. At the finisher phase, final live weight was improved by 0.25% (p<0.05). Final live weight, feed intake, weight gain, feed: gain ratio and protein efficiency ratio were negatively affected by 0.75 and 1.0%BP. Fecal moisture was significantly (P<0.05) reduced by 0.25% while dry matter, protein and ether extract digestibility were improved by all the levels of BP. None of the BP levels improved crude fibre digestibility (p>0.05) over the control. NFE and energy utilization were improved by 0.25 and 0.5%, but significantly (p<0.05) reduced by 1.00% BP.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2015. 44(2): 120-127

scholarly journals Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler finishers fed processed Mucuna pruriens seed meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
C. O. Akure ◽  
A. A. Sekoni ◽  
F. O. Abeke ◽  
P. A. Vantsawa ◽  
B. Babasanya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of 45 minutes Boiled Mucuna Seed Meal (BMSM) on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler finisher chicks. In a four-week feeding trial, three hundred and fifteen (315),4-week old broiler chicks were  randomly allocated to five experimental treatment diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated thrice having twenty-one (21) birds per pen. Boiled Mucuna seed meal was prepared and fed in graded levels of 0.0% (control diet), 10.0%, 20.0%, 30.0%, and 40.0%BMSM. Feed and water were given to the birds ad libitum. The parameters measured and calculated include final weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed to gain ratio and feed cost per kilogram gain. Digestibility of dry matter, crude protein; crude fibre, ash, nitrogen free extract and ether extract were also determined. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that dietary levels of inclusion of BMSM had significant (P<0.05) effect on these parameters. The final weight, the weight gain and feed intake of the birds fed 0.0%, 10.0% and 20.0%BMSM were statistically (P>0.05) similar and significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of other treatments. Cost of feed per birds and feed cost per kilogram gain were lower for all BMSB diets.Digestibility of nutrients was better for the birds fed the control,10.0 and 20.0%BMSM based diets. It was concluded that inclusion of BMSM in the diets of broiler finisher chicks up to20% has no deleterious effect on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of the birds.     Cette étude a été réalisée pour évaluer l'effet de 45 minutes de farine de graines de Mucuna (le 'BMSM') bouillie sur la performance de croissance et la digestibilité des éléments nutritifs des poussins finisseurs de poulet à griller. Dans un teste d'alimentation de quatre semaines, trois cent quinze (315), poussins de poulet de griller de 4 semaines ont été aléatoirement attribués à cinq régimes expérimentaux de traitement dans une conception complètement randomisée (le 'CRD'). Chaque traitement a été reproduit trois fois avec vingt et un (21) oiseaux par enclos. Le repas bouilli de graine de Mucuna a été préparé et alimenté dans les niveaux classés de 0.0% (régime de contrôle), 10.0%, 20.0%, 30.0%, et 40.0%BMSM. L'alimentation et l'eau ont été données aux oiseaux ad libitum. Les paramètres mesurés et calculés comprennent le poids final, le gain de poids, la prise d'aliments pour animaux, le rapport alimentation/gain et le coût des aliments pour animaux par gain kilogramme. La digestibilité de la matière sèche, protéines brutes; des fibres brutes, des cendres, de l'extrait sans azote et de l'extrait d'éther ont également été déterminés. Les données recueillies ont fait l'objet d'une analyse de la variance (ANOVA). Les résultats ont montré que les niveaux diététiques d'inclusion de 'BMSM' ont eu un effet significatif (P<0.05) sur ces paramètres. Le poids final, le gain de poids et la prise d'alimentation des oiseaux nourris 0.0%, 10.0% et 20.0%BMSM étaient statistiquement (P>0.05) semblables et significativement (P<0.05) plus élevés que ceux des autres traitements. Le coût de l'alimentation animale par oiseau et le coût de l'alimentation par kilogramme étaient inférieurs pour tous les régimes BMSB. La digestibilité des éléments nutritifs était meilleure pour les oiseaux alimentés le contrôle,10.0 et 20.0% BMSM régimes à base. Il a été conclu que l'inclusion du BMSM dans l'alimentation des poussins finisseurs de poulet de gril jusqu'à 20 % n'a aucun effet délétère sur la performance de croissance et la digestibilité des oiseaux en matière d'éléments nutritifs.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary L- Carnitine supplementation of diets containing cashew nut reject meal by broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
A. O. Fafiolu ◽  
A. O. Oso ◽  
O. M. O. Idowu ◽  
A. V. Jegede ◽  
R. A. Sobayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Cashew Nut

In a completely randomized designed, two hundred and forty day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments containing 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5mg kg-1 Lcarnitine. Each of the diets contained equal amount of maize and cashew nut reject meal (CNRM). The birds were randomly divided into sixteen groups of fifteen chicks each after weight equalisation. Each diet was assigned to four groups of birds representing four replicates per experimental diet. Measurements taken during starting and finishing phase included average live weight, average weight gain, average feed intake while feed to gain ratio was calculated. Nutrient digestibility of the experimental diets was also evaluated. Results between 0-4weeks indicated that body weights ranged from 673.71g in the birds that received 2.5mgkg-1 to 700.21g in the birds that received 7.5mgkg-1 L-carnitine. Weight gain and feed intake values were significantly (P<0.05) affected by L-carnitine levels. Feed to gain ratio values were elevated when birds were fed 0 and 2.5mgkg-1 L-carnitine levels. Evaluation of nutrient utilization showed a significant (P<0.05) influence on crude protein and ether extract values. Between 5-8 weeks of rearing, feed intake increased (P<0.05) as Lcarnitine levels increased in diets while lower (P<0.05) feed to gain value was recorded at high level of dietary L carnitine. Nutrients utilization parameters were not affected (P>0.05) during finishing phase. Overall results showed that highest body weight and weight gain were obtained in the group that received 7.5mgkg-1 L-carnitine supplementation. The study showed that supplementing CNRM diets up to 7.5mgkg-1 is beneficial to growth and utilization of broiler chickens. However, this was more effective at the starter phase.

Growth performance and digestibility of nutrients by weaner rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) fed diets containing varying levels of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) milling waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
A. A. Malik ◽  
Y. S. Kudu ◽  
M. Abdullahi ◽  
M. J. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Conventional feed resources for livestock are increasingly becoming more expensive, due to competition with man; hence nutritionists are searching for cheaper, locally-available alternatives. A total of forty-five (45) mixed sex weaner rabbits, aged 5 – 6 weeks, with average initial weights of between 694.42 and 761.10 g were used to investigate the effect of varying levels of cowpea milling waste (CMW) diets on their growth performance and nutrient digestibility. They were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments with nine rabbits per treatment. The control treatment (T1) contained 0 % CMW while treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 had 10, 20, 30 and 40 % CMW dietary inclusion levels, respectively. Clean water and feed were offered ad libitum daily to the rabbits, and record of their feed intake and growth performance were taken for 12 weeks. At the end of the 11th week, a nutrient digestibility trial was carried out. Results show that there were no significant (P>0.05) differences in final body weight, body weight gain, total feed intake and mortality among the dietary treatments. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) for diets T4 (6.65) and T5 (6.66) containing 30 and 40 % CMW respectively, were as good as that of the control diet (6.11). Dry matter and crude protein digestibility showed no significant (P>0.05) difference across the treatments. Digestibility of crude fibre (72.64, 80.16, 84.04 and 80.90 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively), ether extract (95.98, 94.90, 96.04 and 94.38 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively), nitrogen free extract (94.30, 95.18, 93.58 and 94.90 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively), as well as total digestible nutrient (83.69, 76.11, 81.67 and 80.02 % for T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively) of the test diets compared favourably with that of the control diet (72.94, 95.23, 96.04 and 80.47 % for CF, EE, NFE and TDN respectively). Hence, it can be concluded that CMW can be used safely as a protein source and included up to 40 % in weaner rabbit diets with no detrimental effect on their growth performance and nutrient digestibility.

scholarly journals Evaluation of dietary effect of cassava peel meal bio-improved with calopogonium mucunoides on nutrient retention and growth performance of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
E. K. Ndelekwute ◽  
C. O. Okereke ◽  
E. D. Assam ◽  
R. Obongekpe
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Calopogonium Mucunoides ◽  
Cassava Peel

Due to skepticism that follows the use of cassava peel meal, it has been advocated that its nutritive value for poultry be improved. Thus an experiment was conducted to evaluate the dietary effect of cassava peel meal (CPM) improved by supplementing with Calopogonium mucunoides (CM) on apparent nutrient digestibility, growth, meat yield and internal organs of broiler chickens. The CPM was improved by mix-grinding 1000g of it with fresh and succulent leaves CM at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% levels, respectively and included in the diets. One hundred and forty-four (144), one day old Hubbard chicks were used. They were grouped into six treatments (T1-T6), replicated into three and with eight birds/replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). Treatment 1 (T1) was the control diet without CPM, T2 contained unimproved CPM while T3 – T6 contained CPM mixed with 10, 20, 30 and 40% CM, respectively. Feed and water were offered ad libitum for 49 days. Results showed that CM improved the crude protein, ether extract and fibre content of CPM. Live weight and Feed: gain ratio were better (P<0.05) with improved CPM but negatively affected by unimproved CPM at the starter phase. Also at the starter phase feed intake was not altered significantly (P>0.05). At the finisher phase while the live weight was increased by 20-40% improved CPM, the feed intake was reduced (P<0.05). Best feed: gain ratio was recorded by 40% improved CM. Unimproved CPM reduced digestibility of dry matter, protein, ether extract and energy utilization; dressed percentage, the weight of breast, gizzard, kidney, pancreas and small intestine but increased bile volume and caeca size. Therefore, it is recommended that 40% C. muconoides could be used to improve cassava peel meal for inclusion in diets of broiler chickens     A cause du scepticisme qui suit l'utilisation de la farine d'écorce de manioc, il a été préconisé que sa valeur nutritive pour la volaille soit améliorée. Ainsi, une expérience a été menée pour évaluer l'effet diététique de la farine d'écorce de manioc (le 'CPM') améliorée en complétant avec Calopogonium mucunoides (le 'CM') sur la digestibilité apparente des nutriments, la croissance, le rendement en viande et les organes internes des poulets de chair. Le 'CPM' a été amélioré en mélangeant 1000 g de celui-ci avec des feuilles fraîches et succulentes 'CM' à des niveaux de 0, 10, 20, 30 et 40% respectivement et inclus dans les régimes. Cent quarante- quatre (144) poussins Hubbard d'un jour ont été utilisés. Ils ont été regroupés en six traitements (T1-T6), répliqués en trois et avec huit oiseaux / répliques dans un plan complètement randomisé (le 'CRD'). Le traitement 1 (T1) était le régime témoin sans CPM, T2 contenait du CPM non amélioré tandis que T3-T6 contenait du CPM mélangé à 10, 20, 30 et 40% de 'CM', respectivement. Des aliments et de l'eau ont été offerts à volonté pendant 49 jours. Les résultats ont montré que le 'CM' améliorait la teneur en protéines brutes, en extrait d'éther et en fibres du 'CPM'. Le poids vif et le rapport alimentation : gain étaient meilleurs (P <0,05) avec un 'CPM' amélioré, mais affectés négativement par un 'CPM' non amélioré lors de la phase de démarrage. De même, lors de la phase de démarrage, la prise alimentaire n'a pas été modifiée de manière significative (P> 0,05). Lors de la phase de finition, alors que le poids vif était augmenté de 20 à 40% de 'CPM' amélioré, la prise alimentaire était réduite (P <0,05). Le meilleur rapport alimentation : gain a été enregistré par une 'CM' améliorée de 40%. Le CPM non amélioré réduit la digestibilité de la matière sèche, des protéines, de l'extrait d'éther et de l'utilisation de l'énergie ; pourcentage habillé, le poids du sein, du gésier, des reins, du pancréas et de l'intestin grêle mais augmentation du volume de la bile et de la taille des caecas. Par conséquent, il est recommandé d'utiliser 40% de muconoides de C. pour améliorer la farine de pelure de manioc à inclure dans l'alimentation des poulets de chair.

ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Amoka Pius ◽  
Tawose O M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea.  N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

scholarly journals 269 Effects of high phytase supplementation in lactation diets on sow and litter performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 101-102
Author(s):  
Kelsey L Batson ◽  
Hilda I Calderon Cartagena ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Commercial Trial ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 109 sows (Line 241; DNA, Columbus, NE) were used in a study to evaluate the effect of increasing phytase concentration in lactation diets on sow and litter performance. On d 107 of gestation, sows were blocked by body weight and parity and allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments of increasing phytase concentration (0, 1,000, or 3,000 FYT/kg; Ronozyme HiPhos 2700; DSM Nutritional Products, Inc., Parsippany, NJ). The control diet contained no phytase and was formulated to contain 0.50% standardized total tract digestible phosphorus (STTD P; 0.45% available P) and 0.62% STTD calcium (0.90% total Ca). The same STTD P and Ca concentrations were formulated for the phytase diets considering a release of 0.132 STTD P and 0.094 STTD Ca in both diets. Diets were fed from d 107 of gestation until weaning (d 18 ± 2). Litters were cross-fostered within treatment until 48 h post-farrowing to equalize litter size. Linear and quadratic response to phytase concentration was evaluated using the lmer function in R. There was no evidence for difference in sow body weight change, farrowing performance, wean-to-estrus interval, or litter size among dietary treatments. Sow average daily feed intake from farrowing to weaning tended to increase (linear, P=0.093) as phytase increased. Although not significant (linear, P =0.226), farrowing duration decreased as phytase increased. Litter weaning weight increased (quadratic, P=0.039) and overall litter gain increased (quadratic, P=0.047) with 1,000 FYT of phytase. In summary, sow feed intake tended to increase linearly with increasing phytase; however, feeding 1,000 FYT/kg maximized overall litter gain and weaning weight. This small-scale study suggests sow and litter performance benefits due to high inclusions of dietary phytase; however, a commercial trial with more sows is warranted to confirm these results.

Effect of salinomycin and enzyme supplementation on nutrient digestibility and the performance of pigs fed barley- or rye-based diets

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
G. L. Campbell ◽  
J. W. D. GrootWassink
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Beta Glucanase ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Two experiments of a factorial design (sex × treatment) were conducted to determine the effects of enzyme and salinomycin supplementation on the nutritive value of barley or rye-based diets for growing pigs fed from approximately 20 to 85 kg. For exp. 1, 72 crossbred pigs were fed either a barley-based control diet or a similar diet supplemented with enzyme (Aspergillus niger; 750 units g−1 beta-glucanase and 650 units g−1 pentosanase), salinomycin (25 ppm) or both additives in combination. For exp. 2, two replicates of 48 pigs were fed either a barley-based diet, an unsupplemented rye-based diet or a rye-based diet supplemented with enzyme, salinomycin or both additives. During both experiments, chromic oxide (0.5%) was added to the diet of four to six pigs/treatment to act as a digestibility indicator starting when the pigs reached 42 kg. Neither enzyme nor salinomycin, alone or in combination, significantly improved the growth rate or feed efficiency of pigs fed barley or rye. Supplementation of barley with the combination of additives significantly (P < 0.05) improved protein digestibility while neither enzyme nor salinomycin had any effect on nutrient digestibility when fed alone. In rye-based diets, salinomycin, both alone and in combination, significantly (P < 0.05) improved the digestibility of crude protein and energy. Dry matter digestibility of the rye-based diets was unaffected by treatment. Key words: Swine, rye, barley, beta-glucanase, pentosanase, salinomycin

Blood Profile and Selected Organ Histopathology of Balami Sheep Fed Shea Cake (Vitellaria paradoxa) Meal

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
D. O. Okunlola ◽  
M. D. Shittu ◽  
O. O. Olatunji ◽  
A. J. Amuda ◽  
B. O. Olateju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Representative Samples

The blood profile and histology of selected tissues (kidney, lungs, intestine, and epididymis) of Balami Sheep fed Shea Cake meal supplement was investigated. A total of thirty-two (32) sheep of the average weight range of 11.75-14.75kg comprising an equal number (16) of males and females were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized experimental design with eight sheep per treatment for twelve weeks duration. Treatment 1 (T1) was a control diet and had zero inclusion level of Shea cake meal (SCM), while treatments 2,3, and 4 had 10%,15%, and 20%  inclusion of SCM, respectively. At the twelfth week of the experiment, two blood samples of 5ml each were taken from each animal from the jugular vein. The first set was preserved in Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) bottle for haematological parameters, while the second samples were preserved without EDTA for serum examination. Representative samples of tissues were randomly selected and slaughtered for gross microscopic examination. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) at various levels of inclusion for parameters investigated. The white blood cell (WBC), Red blood cell (RBC), and Packed cell volume (PCV) recorded the highest values at T3 (15% inclusion level) (13.42 x109/L), 2.92x1012/L, 3.75%, respectively). The serum parameters were significantly(p <0.05)different among the treatments. Total protein ranges from 54.78(mg/dl) (T1) - 60.51(mg/dl) (T2), Cholesterol70.15(mg/dl) (T1) - 78.00(mg/dl) (T4). Iron ranges from 58.15(ug/dl) (T1) - 62.88(ug/dl) (T3).The histopathology of tissues (kidney, lungs, intestine, and epididymis) showed no alteration across the treatments (P= .05) in the gross microscopic examinations. No lesion was observed in the lungs, kidney, epididymis, and intestine. The results showed that shea cake meal posed no health risk to Balami sheep and as such recommended as a good supplement in the diets of the sheep.

scholarly journals Performance and nutrient digestibility of crossbred weaned pigs fed raw pride of barbados (Caesalpina pulcherrima) seed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
A. A. Ogunbode ◽  
A. F. Baderinwa ◽  
I. O. Gbemisola
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Large White ◽  
Final Body Weight

Deficit of conventional feed resources in meeting increased demand has led to hike in their prices culminating in soaring cost of livestock feed. This has necessitated the search for cheap and easily available alternatives. Pride of barbados seed which constitute a waste has potential of becoming a cheap and easily available feed resource. Performance and nutrient digestibility of dietary inclusion of raw pride of barbados seed meal was evaluated in an eight week feeding trial. Atotal of sixteen crossbred (Large White x Landrace) weaned pigs of eight weeks of age were weighed and allotted to four dietary treatments with four pigs each being a replicate in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 (control) was without raw pride of barbados seed meal while 5%, 10% and 15% of virgin raw pride of barbados were included in diets 2,3 and 4 respectively. Weekly weight gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and nutrient digestibility of raw pride of barbados seed meal was also determined. Results revealed a significant average final body weight of 16.75kg (diet 3) to 24.50kg (diet 4).The pigs fed 15% raw pride of barbados had the highest feed intake of 137.20kg in diet 4 while the lowest feed intake was obtained in pigs fed 10% (diet 3) inclusion level of raw pride of barbados. Pigs maintained on the control diet had the best feed conversion (7.60kg) while the pigs fed diet 3 had the lowest feed conversion ratio (8.93kg). Crude protein, ether extract and dry matter digestibility was highest at T4 (84.15%, 80.21% and 86.70%) respectively while the least values (68.71%, 65.75% and 71.10% was obtained in T2 and T3 respectively. This study concluded that 15% inclusion of raw pride of barbados in the diets of crossbred weaned pigs had no deleterious effect on performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs.

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