Carcass quality of West African dwarf goats fed shea butter nut meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
S. K. Ayandiran ◽  
M. A. Adedokun ◽  
S. M. Odeyinka
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
West African ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study evaluated the carcass quality of West African (WAD) goats fed shea butter nut meal (SBNM). In the sixteen-week nutrition trial, twenty WAD goats aged 5 - 7 months were allotted to five treatments in a completely randomized design. Four concentrate diets were compounded with the inclusion of SBNM at 0, 25, 50 and 100% graded levels. The proximate components of SBNM and the experimental diets were determined. At the end of the feedingtrial, two goats were randomly selected for slaughtering from each treatment to estimate the carcass quality. The proximate components of SBNM consist of 86.56% dry matter, 12.47% crude protein, 1.01%% crude fibre, 28.95%, 0.09% ash and 55.96% nitrogen free extract. The DM content of all the experimental diets was relatively similar in this study. The CP value of 100%SBNM was highest followed by 0%SBNM, 25%SBNM and 50%SBNM. The CF of 25%SBNM diet was higher than the other diets while the EE values were similar across all the diets. There were no significant differences among the mean of the carcass qualities of WAD goats. It could be concluded from this study that inclusion of SBNM in the diet of WAD had no deleterious effect on carcass qualities.

scholarly journals Growth, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Indices of Rabbits fed Varying Levels of Sugarcane Rind Meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
T. A. Adeosun ◽  
G. T. Iyeghe-Erakpotobor
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Average Body

The potential of sugarcane peels as a substitute for maize offal in rabbit diets and its effect on growth, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics were studied. Twenty five growing rabbits of mixed breeds and average body weight of 894±26.14g were used in a 7-week feeding trial. Five experimental diets were formulated in which sugarcane rind (SCR) was included at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% level to replace maize offal (weight for weight). The rabbits were balanced for weight and allotted to the treatments (n=5 rabbits/treatment) in a completely randomized design. Results obtained indicated that dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen free extract, hemicellulose, acid and neutral detergent fibre intake and digestibility decreased with increasing level of sugarcane rind inclusion. Crude fibre intake (5.59-8.67 g/day) and digestibility (20.60-40.80%) however increased (P<0.05) as level of sugarcane rind increased in the diet. The 30% inclusion of sugarcane rind gave body weight gain (5.35 g/d) comparable to the control (6.41 g/d), 10 (7.78 g/d) and 20% (7.12 g/d) inclusion of sugarcane peels. Feed intake (44.61-40.59 g/d) decreased as the level of sugarcane rind increased in the diets. There was no significant (P>0.05) effect of sugarcane rind on metabolic body weight and feed efficiency. Inclusion of sugarcane rind at 30% level increased (P<0.05) thigh and head percentage but without any adverse effect on chest, loin, shoulder and skin. Based on the results, it is concluded that sugarcane rind is a good fibre source that can be used to replace maize offal up to 30% in rabbit diets.

scholarly journals Growth, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Indices of Rabbits fed Varying Levels of Sugarcane Rind Meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
T. A Adeosun ◽  
G.T. Iyeghe-Erakpotobor
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Average Body

The potential of sugarcane peels as a substitute for maize offal in rabbit diets and its effect on growth, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics were studied. Twenty five growing rabbits of mixed breeds and average body weight of 894±26.14g were used in a 7-week feeding trial. Five experimental diets were formulated in which sugarcane rind (SCR) was included at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% level to replace maize offal (weight for weight). The rabbits were balanced for weight and allotted to the treatments (n=5rabbits/treatment) in a completely randomized design. Results obtained indicated that dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen free extract, hemicellulose, acid and neutral detergent fibre intake and digestibility decreased with increasing level of sugarcane rind inclusion. Crude fibre intake (5.59-8.67 g/day) and digestibility (20.60-40.80%) however increased (P<0.05) as level of sugarcane rind increased in the diet. The 30% inclusion of sugarcane rind gave body weight gain (5.35 g/d) comparable to the control (6.41 g/d), 10 (7.78 g/d) and 20% (7.12 g/d) inclusion of sugarcane peels. Feed intake (44.61-40.59 g/d) decreased as the level of sugarcane rind increased in the diets. There was no significant (P>0.05) effect of sugarcane rind on metabolic body weight and feed efficiency. Inclusion of sugarcane rind at 30% level increased (P<0.05) thigh and head percentage but without any adverse effect on chest, loin, shoulder and skin. Based on the results, it is concluded that sugarcane rind is a good fibre source that can be used to replace maize offal up to 30% in rabbit diets

scholarly journals NILAI NUTRISI AMPAS TEBU (Bagasse) YANG DIFERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN STARBIO® PADA LEVEL YANG BERBEDA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafles Rafles ◽  
Efendi Harahap ◽  
Dewi Febrina
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Fermentation Technology ◽  
Different Levels

The bagasse has potential as an alternative feed for ruminant. However,  though the high of the crude fibre and the very low in the nutritional value make them very limited in using for animal feed. To overcome the problem in order to increase nutritional value was the fermentation technology by the application of the starbio inoculums. The objective of the research was to observe the  nutrition  qualities of the bagasse with aplication of different levels of starbio. The experimental design was  a completely Randomized Design  with 4 treatments i.e. P0 (bagasse + 0% Starbio), P1 (bagasse+ 0.2% starbio), P2 (bagasse+ 0.4% Starbio), P3 (bagasse+ 0.6% Starbio) and each treatment has 5 replication, The parameters measured were pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) crude fiber (CF), ash and Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE). The results of the research indicated that pH of the  fermentation was very good (3.37-3.67), DM (66.59-68.73%), and CP 1.47-1,97%. However, there was no effect on EE, CF, ashes and NFE. The addition of 0.6% starbio was the best result to increase CP but did not affect on ash content.

scholarly journals Effect of onion top leaves extract on the quality of smoked Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Shehu Jega ◽  
Philomina Michael ◽  
Ibrahim Mohammed Ribah
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Food preservation techniques to improve the oxidative stability of fish-based foods are gaining renewed research interest in natural compounds of vegetable origin as valid alternatives to synthetic preservatives. This study was designed to determine the effect of Onion Top Leaves Extract (OTLE) on the chemical and sensory qualities of smoked Heterotis niloticus using four concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75% w/w) and three storage periods replicated four times in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). A total of 48 fresh samples of H. niloticus were treated with the different concentrations of OTLE, sundried for three hours and smoked using a modified portable drum kiln designed in the laboratory. The treated smoked samples were packaged in paper envelopes and stored at room temperature for a period of three weeks. The results indicated that OTLE concentration had significantly affected (P<0.05) moisture content, crude protein, crude fibre, nitrogen and total volatile base – nitrogen (TVB-N). The storage period was significantly affected (P<0.05) by OTLE for all tested chemical parameters except carbohydrates, (P>0.05). The results for sensory qualities indicated that after three weeks of storage, OTLE exerted a significant effect (P<0.05) on all sensory qualities tested in the study except general acceptability. The results for merit analysis showed that the samples treated with OTLE concentration of 0.25% ranked better followed by 0.5% while 0.75% recorded the lowest performance. For better optimisation of shelf life, chemical and sensory qualities of smoked H. niloticus, the product can be preserved in 0.25% w/w OTLE and stored for one week at room temperature in paper envelopes.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 241-248, August 2018

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penambahan Bakteri Asam Laktat dan Pakan Sumber Energi terhadap Kandungan Nutrisi dan Fraksi Serat Silase Pelepah Sawit

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Heni Suryani ◽  
Saitul Fakhri
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Palm Fronds

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and the best energy-rich feed that could be combined with LAB on oil palm fronds (OPF) silage. Energy-rich feeds (molasses, rice polish, palm kernel cake (PKC), sludge and rice bran) were used and each of them was combined with LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum, 1010 CFU/mL). The treatments were : P0 = OPF, P1 = OPF + LAB (5 ml/kg), P2 = OPF + LAB (5 ml/kg) + molasses (3%), P3 = OPF (control) + LAB (5 ml/kg) + rice polish (3%), P4 = OPF + LAB (5 ml/kg) + BIS (3%), P5 = OPF + LAB (5 ml/kg) + sludge (3%), P6 = OPF + LAB (5 ml/kg) + rice bran (3%). Silages were packed in airtight transparent bottle silo (300 g capacity) and stored at room temperature. After 3 weeks, each silo was opened and sampled for physicals, nutrient and fiber analyses. Data were statistically analyzed in completely randomized design, and continued with orthogonal contrast analyses. The addition of LAB significantly (P<0.01) increased crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), decreased hemicellulose but no significant effect on nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content of OPF silages. The addition of energy-rich feeds significantly (P<0.01) increased CF and CP, decreased NFE, NDF and hemicellulose, but no significant effects on ADF of OPF silage. The most suitable energy-rich feeds combining with LAB in producing OPF silage was rice bran.

scholarly journals Karakteristik dan Kualitas Silase Rumput Raja Menggunakan Berbagai Sumber dan Tingkat Penambahan Karbohidrat Fermentable

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

(Characteristics and quality of king grass silages treated with various sources and level of carbohydrate fermentable)ABSTRACT . An experiment was carried out from April 1st up to August 18 th 2013. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of source and level fermentable carbohydrate as an additive on the characteristic of ensilage and the contents of crude protein and crude fibre of king grass silage. The methods of this study was experimental, by using Completely Randomized Design. There were 9 treatments, each of which consisted of three replications. The treatments were : A = 1 % of mollases; B = 2 % of mollases; C = 3 % mollases; D = 5 % of rice bran E = 10 % of rice bran; F = 15 % of rice bran; G = 5 % of of cassava cake; H = 10 % of of cassava cake; I = 15 % of cassava cake. Note: all percentages were on the basis of king grass fresh weight. The observed variable were physical characteristics (color, aroma, texture, fungi), pH, temperature, and nutrient contents (crude protein and crude fibre). The result of this study showed that the color change of the silage was as follow: at the 14th and 28th day. The treatment had highly significant effect (P 0.01) on the color, texture, and fungi of the silage and the content of crude protein, and had no significant effect (P0,05) on the aroma (smell), temperature, pH and crude fibre. The contrast orthogonal test to the color, aroma, infestation of fungy, crude protein, the treatment of ABC was different relative to those of DEFGHI treatments. This study could be conclude that by wilting of king grass (water content of 60 %), the 1–3 of 3 % of mollases snd 5-15 % usage of rice bran an additive the results are better compared to the usage with additive of cassava cake, viewed from silage’s physical quality as well as its nutrient contents.

scholarly journals Dietary effect of Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shell meal on fibre fractions utilisation by the West African Dwarf goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
A. N Fajemisin ◽  
G. A Ibhaze ◽  
O. E. Oluwaloyo ◽  
O. B. Omotoso
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
West African ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Better Than

A 63-day study was conducted to evaluate the dietary effect of Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shell meal diets on fibre fraction utilization of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats (aged 9 -12 months) with an average live weight of 6.31±0.3 kg. Six diets were formulated such that wheat offal was replaced with ensiled Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shell meal at ratio 0 (A), 20% (B), 40% (C), 60% (D), 80% (E), 100% (F) in complete diets. The experimental diets were fed to 18 WAD goats in three replicates per treatment using completely randomized design. The determined parameters included; chemical composition of the diets, dry matter and fibre fractions intake, weight gains and feed to gain ratio. The dry matter of raw cocoa bean shells was 88.53% and dry matter of Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shells was 87.38%. The crude protein contents of raw bean shells and Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shells were 11.98 and 26.63% respectively. The dry matter of the diets ranged from 86.83 to 90.70%, diet B had the highest value while crude protein ranged between 19.73 (diet A) and 28.88% (diet F) and increased with increased inclusion of Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shell meal in the diets. The nutrients intake was significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment except dry matter and cellulose. The crude fibre and fibre fractions were efficiently digested. Nitrogen balance, apparent digestibility and weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment. The goats fed diet A converted their feed to flesh better than other goats. However, goats fed diet F performed best compared to other goats fed diets B, C, D and E that contained Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shell meal. It can be concluded that Pleurotus pulmonaris treated cocoa bean shell meal incorporated in goat's diet could supply energy and protein to sustain the growth without adverse effect.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF VARYING CONCENTRATE: GRASS HAY RATIOS ON FEED INTAKE AND NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY BY GROWING WEST AFRICAN FOREST SHEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
I. O. A. Adeleye ◽  
U. J. Ikhatua
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
West African ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Gross Energy

Twelve ram lambs of the West African Forest type of between 15.7 and 24.6 kg were divided into four groups of 3 animals each. A group was assigned to one of four diets consisting of the following concentrate: grass hay ratios - 20 : 80 (A), 40 : 60 (B), 60 : 40 (C) and 80 : 20 (D). Feed intake, nutrient digestibilities and efficiency of feed utilization were measured. As the level of concentrate increased, the contents of crude protein ether extract, nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and gross energy of the diets increased, while the crude fibre and ash contents decreased almost linearly. Voluntary feed intake increased with increasing levels of concentrate, with diet C having a significantly higher (P 0.01) Relative Intake (RI) value than the other diets. Both the Nutritive Value Index (NVI) and Digestible Energy (DE) intake values were significantly higher (P. 0.01) in diets C and D than the other diets. Generally, the digestion coefficients for the gross energy, crude protein, crude fibre and nitrogen free extract increased with increasing levels of concentrate, the values being significantly higher (P 0.01) in diets C and D, while diet A showed a significantly lower (P 0.05) dry matter digestion coefficient value when compared with either diets. Although a similar trend was observed in the digestion coefficient for ether extract, the differences were not significant (P 0.05). With the exception of animals on diet C which had the highest daily weight gains, average daily weight gains and efficiency of feed utilization increased with successive substitution of concentrate for grass hay.

Improving the Quality of Broiler Duck Carcasses with the Addition of Meniran Plan (Phylanthus niruri L.) Extract as a Feed Additive

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Lestariningsih Lestariningsih ◽  
Fatra Nonggala Putra
Keyword(s):  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this research was to determine the improvement of the carcass quality of broiler ducks with the addition of meniran extract as a feed additive. This is based on the fluctuating price of feed 70 – 80% is part of the operational costs and the prohibition on the use of antibiotics requires alternative feed additives that are safe for human consumption. This research was carried out in Juni – August 2021 in Dayu Village, Nglegok District Blitar Regency. The method used is experimental with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The design used is Completely Randomized Design. The result showed that giving meniran extract as a feed additive could improve the carcass quality of broiler duck including carcass weight and carcass percentage and dit not have a significant effect on slaughter weight. It is recommended to use meniran plan extract level 3% to improve the carcass quality of broiler ducks.

scholarly journals Influence of lucerne and meadow hay quality on the digestibility of nutrients in the roe deer

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sommer ◽  
M. Vodňanský ◽  
P. Petrikovič ◽  
R. Požgaj
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Significant Difference

It was confirmed in metabolic experiments with 4 individuals of roe deer (2 males and 2 females with the live weight of 20.8 and 17.9 kg, respectively) that due to the animals&rsquo; selective choice of a part of feeds there was no significant difference in the intake of lucerne hay of different quality and high-quality meadow hay (515.86 &plusmn; 66.97 and 597.82 &plusmn; 94.87 g, respectively). However, different quality of lucerne hay influenced the animals&rsquo; intake of crude protein and crude fibre. When the animals were fed meadow hay, they took in significantly less crude protein and fibre and significantly more nitrogen-free extract, fat and ash. Digestibility of crude protein was observed to be significantly decreased in hay of lower quality (by 10.1%). Digestibility coefficients for crude protein, crude fibre, organic matter and fat were significantly lower in grass hay compared to lucerne hay. Based on the coefficients of nutrient digestibility it can be stated that meadow hay, even if of excellent quality, is not a suitable supplement for the roe deer. &nbsp;

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