Justification of operating modes of convective-infrared drying of technical hemp

For the first time, the article presents studies of the promising process of drying the tangled mass of stems of incomplete length of technical hemp on an experimental setup under various modes. The parameters and modes of drying hemp by convective and convective-infrared methods are justified. The drying time of the hemp stem mass under different regimes is determined, the necessary graphs and regression dependencies are constructed, and practical recommendations are formulated.

Plant Leaf Position Estimation with Computer Vision

Autonomous analysis of plants, such as for phenotyping and health monitoring etc., often requires the reliable identification and localization of single leaves, a task complicated by their complex and variable shape. Robotic sensor platforms commonly use depth sensors that rely on either infrared light or ultrasound, in addition to imaging. However, infrared methods have the disadvantage of being affected by the presence of ambient light, and ultrasound methods generally have too wide a field of view, making them ineffective for measuring complex and intricate structures. Alternatives may include stereoscopic or structured light scanners, but these can be costly and overly complex to implement. This article presents a fully computer-vision based solution capable of estimating the three-dimensional location of all leaves of a subject plant with the use of a single digital camera autonomously positioned by a three-axis linear robot. A custom trained neural network was used to classify leaves captured in multiple images taken of a subject plant. Parallax calculations were applied to predict leaf depth, and from this, the three-dimensional position. This article demonstrates proof of concept of the method, and initial tests with positioned leaves suggest an expected error of 20 mm. Future modifications are identified to further improve accuracy and utility across different plant canopies.

IDENTIFIKASI ISOLAT KULIT BATANG WARU (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROSKOPI INFRAMERAH

Waru (Hibiscustiliaceus L.) bark is a plant that is believed and used by community as a traditional medicine in treatment, especiallytotreat fever. This study aims to analyze the level of a secondary metabolite compound in the bark of waru (Hibiscustiliaceus L.) plant calculated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and infrared methods. The method used to identify the flavonoid content is Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) using eluent n-hexane and ethyl acetate at the best comparison (7:3). The result obtained from this study is waru bark extract containing flavonoid compound which is shown from the Rf value of the waru bark methanol extract of 0.82, which the value is close to the Rf value of quarcetine 0.83. Analysis of the flavonoid content of waru bark methanol extract has carried out on The Spectrophotometric UV-Vis at a wavelength of 382 nm and the total flavonoid content obtained is of 10 mg of waru bark methanol extract containing135.2166g/mL flavonoid compound with percentage of 13.521% and on the Spetroscopy Infrared, based on the obtained peak shows the existence of functional groups of OH, CH aliphatic, C=C aromatic and C-O indicates that this isolat is a flavonoid compound.

Identifying quasars with astrometric and mid-infrared methods from APOP and ALLWISE

Context. Quasars are spatially stationary, and they are essential objects in astrometry when defining reference frames. However, the census of quasars is far from complete. Mid-infared colors can be used to find quasar candidates because active galactic nuclei (AGNs) show a peculiar appearance in mid-infrared color, but these methods are incapable of separating quasars from AGNs. Aims. The aim of our study is to use astrometric and mid-infrared methods to select quasars and get a reliable quasar candidates catalog. Methods. We used a near-zero proper motion criterion in conjuction with WISE [W1–W2] color to select quasar candidates. The [W1–W2] color criterion is defined by the linear boundary of two samples: LAMOST DR5 quasars, which serve as the quasar sample, and LAMOST DR5 stars and galaxies, which serve as the non-quasar sample. The contamination and completeness are evaluated. Results. We present a catalog of 662 753 quasar candidates, with a completeness of about 75% and a reliability of 77.2%.

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING OF SPOT-4 FOR SHORELINE EXTRACTION IN LAMPUNG BAY

Shoreline is an imaginary line separating land and seawater. The intensification of land used/land cover at Lampung bay causes shoreline change either abrasions or accretions. The objectives of this study were to compare the shoreline extraction based on the digital image processing of SPOT-4 using ratio band of infrared and green band, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and (band infrared) methods and to analyze shoreline change at Lampung Bay. Those methods applied on both cloudy free and cloudy SPOT-4 images and the result compared with RBI map as reference. The result showed that the best metod for shoreline axtraction was ratio band due to accuracy high and stable eventhough it applied on cloudy image. The shoreline changes at Lampung Bay along 2008 to 2012 caused by accretions. The total area of accretion at Lampung Bay for fours years were 662 Ha with the rates 165 Ha/year. The high of accretion rate caused by reclamation for urban built up, fishponds and mangrove.

An experimental study on thermal radiation of fire whirl

Fire whirl is frequently observed in wildland fires, and may cause serious difficulty in firefighting owing to its significant turbulent flow. In this paper, the radiation of fire whirl is investigated through experiments using a fire whirl facility made up of an air curtain apparatus, with five different sizes of n-heptane pools (25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 cm). The flame contour was extracted by image processing. By using infrared methods, the flame emissivity of fire whirl at different heights for different pool diameters was measured, and thereby a correlation was developed between the flame emissivity and the flame diameter. The soot volume fraction in the luminous flame is estimated to range within 2.5 × 10−6 to 4.0 × 10−6, much higher than that of general heptane pool fires, which provides an explanation of the higher flame emissivity of fire whirl. The emissive power profile v. normalised height is deduced from flame emissivity and flame temperature data. A multizone flame model (in which each zone is assumed as a grey body) is used, based on the measured data of flame emissivity, to predict the radiation of fire whirl. Comparison between the predicted and measured data of radiative flux shows good agreement.

Magnetic and infrared thermography methods in detection of antipersonnel landmines

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present two methods of detection for landmines with minimal metal content. Design/methodology/approach – First, two methods of landmine detection are presented: magnetic and infrared with microwave heating. For each method the numerical algorithm of an object’s position and properties determination are presented. Furthermore, the experimental results of several landmines detection using both methods are presented. Findings – It is possible to detect the landmines with minimal metal content using both magnetic and infrared methods. It is also possible to determine the detected objects’ exact position and properties using developed numerical algorithms. Originality/value – The idea of using the magnetic method to detect the plastic landmines is, to the best knowledge of the authors, new. For both methods, the numerical algorithms of objects’ parameters determination are original.