Genetic parameters of direct and ratio traits from field and station tests of pigs

Abstract. Genetic parameters of several growth and carcass traits were estimated for the Hungarian Large White (HLW) and Hungarian Landrace (HL) pig breeds. The objective of the analysis was to compare the direct (days on station test, consumed feed, valuable cuts and age) and ratio/composite (net daily gain, feed conversion, proportion of valuable cuts, lean meat percentage and average daily gain and meat quality score) traits, which were collected in the course of station and field tests. The analysis was based on the national database (1997–2003) using univariate and bivariate animal models. Estimated heritabilities for station test traits ranged between 0.34–0.69 (except for meat quality score, where the heritability was low (0.10, 0.15 for HLW and HL, respectively) and exceeded that of the field test traits (0.18–0.23). Relative importance of random litter effects was low for the station test traits (0.01–0.29) but moderate for the field test traits (0.20–0.48). The unfavourable genetic correlation between lean meat percentage and meat quality score (−0.28, −0.44 for HLW and LW, respectively) is worth mentioning. In both performance tests the direct and ratio test counterparts showed similar heritabilities and their genetic correlation were close to unity (0.74–0.95). Based on these results selection on either the direct or on the ratio traits would possibly result similar selection response.

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Estimation of genetic parameters and genotype effects for crossing constructions of Hungarian Pigs

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/54/2147 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 57-60

Author(s):

Henrietta Nagyné Kiszlinger ◽

Marcell Molnár ◽

István Nagy

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Field Test ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Lean Meat ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Genotype Effects ◽

Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

Authors estimated the genetic parameters and genotype effects of average daily gain (ADG), age (AGE) and lean meat percentage (LMP) using the field test data of Pietrain (Pi), Duroc (Du), Hampshire (Ha) pigs and their crosses. Data was collected by the Agricultural Agency of Administration between 1998 and 2010 originating from 68 herds. Datasets of the different crossing combinations (Pi, Du, Pi × Du; Pi, Ha Pi × Ha) were evaluated separately using bivariate animal models. The estimated heritabilities were moderately low: 0.24–0.29, 0.22–0.26 and 0.18–0.19 for average daily gain (ADG), age (AGE) and lean meat percentage (LMP), respectively. The estimated genetic correlation coefficients were negligible: -0.07–0.01 (ADG-LMP), -0.01–0.04 (AGE-LMP). The Pi × Ha and Pi × Du crosses showed 6.76% and 4.96%; 6.74% and 4,17% and 0.08% and 0.44% heterosis for ADG, AGE and LMP, respectively. Among the environmental factors the herd effects were substantial: 41.17%, 53.67% and 14.16% for AGD, AGE and LMP, respectively. The smallest environmental influences were found for LMP.

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HERITABILITIES AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR ULTRASONIC BACKFAT MEASUREMENTS, GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN SWINE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas82-081 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 665-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. C. JEFFRIES ◽

R. G. PETERSON

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Genetic Correlation ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Ultrasonic Measurements ◽

Yorkshire Pigs ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Season Interaction

Genetic parameters were estimated for 2403 purebred Yorkshire pigs over a 2-yr period, representing 21 sires. The traits studied included average daily gain, age adjusted to 90 kg, ultrasonic measurements of backfat at the mid-back and loin positions, total and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat and corresponding carcass backfat measurements. Least squares analyses were used to estimate and adjust for the effects of sex, year-season and sex by year-season interaction. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were calculated for all traits using both half- and full-sib estimates. Adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat measurements were found to have the highest heritabilities of the live traits in this study. Estimates of heritability for adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat were 0.24 ± 0.10 and 0.26 ± 0.10 based on half-sib and 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.41 ± 0.06 from full-sib analyses. The genetic correlation between these two traits was −0.07 ± 0.28 based on the half-sib method. The total phenotypic correlation was −0.01 ± 0.02. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic backfat, heritabilities, genetic correlations

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An analysis of the variation in the lean tissue distribution of sheep

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100010199 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 257-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. T. Wolf

Keyword(s):

Tissue Distribution ◽

Genetic Correlation ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Maximum Difference ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Heritability Estimates ◽

The Relationship ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe distribution of lean tissue between eight standard joints was examined in 956 crossbred lambs slaughtered at constant live weights of either 35 or 40 kg. The sire breeds used were the Dorset Down, Ile-de-France, Oldenburg, Oxford, Suffolk and Texel. Sire breed did not have a significant effect on the proportion of total carcass lean found in the higher-priced joints but did show significant differences in the proportion of total carcass lean found in individual joints, with a maximum difference of 7·7 g total lean per kg joint being recorded. Similarly, small but significant effects due to ewe age (1 to 3 years), rearing type (single, twin, triplet), sex (male castrate, female) and weight of total lean were reported for the proportion of total carcass lean found in different joints.Heritability estimates ranged from 0·07 (s.e. 008) to 0·65 (s.e. 0·16) for the proportion of total lean in the best-end neck and higher-priced joints respectively. Phenotypic standard deviations of 5·8g/kg and 17·9g/kg were reported for the proportion of total lean found in the best-end neck and the higher-priced joints respectively. The genetic correlations between the proportion of total lean in each of the higher-priced joints and the proportion of total lean in the higher-priced joints combined were positive. A genetic correlation of 017 (s.e. 0·20) was found for the relationship between average daily gain from birth to slaughter and the proportion of total lean in the higher-priced joints.

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Environmental Factors and Genetic Parameters of Beef Traits in Fleckvieh Cattle Using Field and Station Testing

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10112159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2159

Author(s):

Radek Filipčík ◽

Daniel Falta ◽

Tomáš Kopec ◽

Gustav Chládek ◽

Milan Večeřa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Genetic Correlation ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

The Body ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Genetic Trend ◽

Meat Yield ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Daily Gain

The goal of this study was to analyze the genetic and environmental factors of selected meat yield indicators in Fleckvieh cattle in the Czech Republic, through the application of station (S) and field (F) testing methods. Data collected from fattened bulls were analyzed for F (n = 9378) and for S (n = 6346). In the F method and the S method, the values of the main meat yield indicators were as follows: carcass weight 402.91 kg (F), 339.37 kg (S); carcass daily gain 626.05 g/day (F), 609.74 g/day (S); SEUROP carcass classification 2.73 (F), 2.19 (S). Environmental factors were found to have a significant impact on the selected meat yield indicators; their heritability ranged from 0.14 (SEUROP classification) to 0.33 (dressing percentage). The genetic trend was significantly positive only in relation to those meat yield traits, which had a positive link to the size or weight of the animal. The genetic correlation between observations obtained in the S and F methods of testing was very high in relation to the carcass daily gain (0.8351) and carcass weight (0.8244), while slightly lower correlations were calculated for the SEUROP classification. A genetic evaluation of the degree of fatness is not routinely performed in Fleckvieh populations, and the newly established heritability for this trait ranges between 0.17–0.20. The genetic correlation between beef yield indicators and the exterior trait of muscularity was also established, and shows a strong link to the net daily gain, the SEUROP classification and body weight (0.79–0.97). The aim of the study was to evaluate the genetic and environmental effects on meat yield and also estimate genetic parameters for new traits. We can also state, based on the results, that a strong positive genetic trend is confirmed, especially in traits related to the size or weight of animals. This result can be used in breeding programs of dual-purpose cattle, where we can genetically improve the meat and milk yield through the body size.

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An evaluation of biological and conventional pig selection indices

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9890775 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 775 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

RW Ponzoni ◽

RL Davies

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Correlated Response ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Genetic Changes ◽

Lean Meat ◽

Biological Indices ◽

Selection Indices ◽

Daily Gain

Two biological and 4 conventional pig selection indices were compared. The biological indices were lean meat growth (LGRTH) and lean meat feed conversion (LFCR). The conventional indices included average daily gain (ADG) and back fat measured at the P2 site (FP2) as criteria (index OF), or as in OF but with the addition of feed conversion ratio (FCR) as a selection criterion (index BTS). Also, using the same criteria as in BTS and OF, restricted indices were derived setting the genetic change in FP2 at zero (indices BTS.FP2 and OF.FP2). The correlated response in average daily feed intake (ADI) was calculated for all indices. The application of all indices resulted in variable, but desirable, predicted genetic changes in ADG, FCR and FP2. The correlated response in AD1 was positive, except for BTS and LFCR, where it was zero and negative, respectively. The correlations among all indices were high (r > 0.7) except for those restricting FP2. It is concluded that conventional selection indices have advantages over biological indices because they more easily enable the monitoring of changes in the components of overall merit and updating of breeding objectives.

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Metabolizable energy levels in diets with high lysine for growing and finishing pigs

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n1p365 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 365 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Soraia Viana Ferreira ◽

Lívia Maria dos Reis Barbosa ◽

Camila Schultz Marcolla ◽

Marcos Henrique Soares ◽

Dante Teixeira Valente Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Water Losses ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Metabolizable Energy Intake ◽

Daily Gain

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of metabolizable energy (ME) levels in diets with high digestible lysine concentration on performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of barrows from 95 to 158 days of age. Eighty commercial hybrid barrows (50 ± 1.82 kg) selected for lean meat deposition, were assigned to four dietary treatments (3,150, 3,235, 3,320, and 3,400 kcal EM kg-1) in a randomized design with 10 replicate pens per treatment and two pigs per pen. From 95 to 116 days of age, we observed no effects of ME on final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), metabolizable energy intake (MEI), and feed conversion (F: G). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) decreased linearly with increasing ME levels (? = 5.79961 - 0.00096790X - r2 = 0.89). From 95 to 137 days of age, no effects of ME were observed on final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), metabolizable energy intake (MEI), and feed conversion (F: G). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) decreased linearly with increasing ME (?= 6.1176 - 0.001X - r2= 0.97). From 95 to 158 days, of age no effects of ME were observed on FBW and ADG. Dietary ME influenced the ADFI and F: G, which decreased linearly with increasing ME concentrations (?= 8.12951 - 0.00149X - r2= 0.99; ?= 6.0914 - 0.001X - r² = 0.75, respectively). There was a linear increase in loin eye area (LEA) with increasing ME (? = - 29.851 + 0.0207 X - r² = 0.87). Backfat thickness, pH, and temperature, measured at different times after slaughter (0 min, 45 min, 3 h, and 24 h), were not affected by dietary ME. The level of ME also did not affect the meat quality parameters Color L*, Color a*, Color b*, Warner-Bratzler shear force, thaw water losses, cooking water losses, sum of water losses, intramuscular fat content, and TBARS. Diets with 3,400 kcal kg-1 ME, corresponding to 2.75, 2.57, and 2.31 g digestible lysine/Mcal of ME for pigs from 95 to 116, 116 to 137, and 95 to 158 days of age, respectively, resulted in best performance and carcass traits, without negative effects on meat quality.

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The visfatin (NAMPT; PBEF1) gene polymorphisms and associations with meat performance traits in three pig breeds kept in the Czech Republic

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/1673-cjas ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 54 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 443-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Zrůstová ◽

A. Knoll ◽

T. Urban ◽

S. Čepica

Keyword(s):

Average Daily Gain ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Large White ◽

Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Lean Meat ◽

Meat Content ◽

The Difference ◽

Daily Gain

Visfatin encoded by the NAMPT gene (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, formerly also known as PBEF – pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor) is suggested to play a role in lipid metabolism and pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus type 2. A new microsatellite SCZ004 was detected within intron 9 of the NAMPT gene. In Czech Large White (n = 95) frequencies of alleles 282, 286, 287, 299, and 304 were 0.02, 0.39, 0.07, 0.04, and 0.48, respectively. Allele 286 was predominant also in Landrace (n = 11) and Black Pied Prestice (n = 11) breeds. Association analysis was carried out between previously reported SNP AM999341:g.669T>C in intron 9 of the NAMPT gene and backfat thickness, average daily gain and lean meat content in Czech Large White (n = 215), Black Pied Prestice (n = 96) and Landrace (n = 105). The CC genotype was associated with higher backfat thickness (CC was associated with lower backfat thickness when compared to TT and CT genotypes (CC genotype was associated with higher lean meat content when compared to CT (not significant) and TT genotype (CC had the lowest lean meat content when compared to CT and TT genotypes but only the difference between CC and CTT was statistically significant (<I ≤ 0.05). In Black Pied Prestice no association with lean meat content was found. Average daily gain was not associated with the SNP in any breed.

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Joint effect of 21 marker loci and effect of realized inbreeding on growth in pigs

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800015083 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 541-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. Christensen ◽

M. Fredholm ◽

A. K. Winterø ◽

J. N. Jørgensen ◽

S. Andersen

Keyword(s):

Growth Traits ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Joint Effect ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Inbreeding Coefficient ◽

Lean Meat ◽

Identical By Descent ◽

Genetic Potential ◽

Marker Loci ◽

Daily Gain

AbstractFour litters produced by father-daughter matings (back crosses) resulting in 35 animals with a theoretical inbreeding coefficient of 25% were typed with 21 independent informative markers. The differences between the two founder animals were estimated, based on the marker information, and it was found that the founder boar had higher genetic potential for proportion of lean meat and lower genetic potential for groivth than the founder sow. The proportion of the genome of each offspring which was identical by descent was investigated. On the basis of these markers the realized inbreeding was found to vary between 7 and 47%. The linear decrease in weight at days 1, 26 and 136, average daily gain and proportion of lean meat regressed on the realized inbreeding were estimated to 0·6 kg, 2·4 kg, 18 kg, 95 g/day and 15 g/kg, respectively. For weight at day 88 a corresponding linear increase of 11 kg was observed. The joint effect of founder differences and realized inbreeding were as expected negative and statistically significant for all growth traits.

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Comparison of 2 growth patterns during the growing period in fattening bulls. 3. slaughter characteristics, carcass composition and meat quality

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600025393 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 1993 ◽

pp. 217-217

Author(s):

A. Clinquart ◽

C. Van Eenaeme ◽

T. Van Vooren ◽

J. Van Hoof ◽

L. Istasse

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Food Restriction ◽

Early Stage ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Growing Period ◽

Daily Gain

The degree to which growth patterns are modified after a period of food restriction affects the compositional changes of the carcasses(Carstens et al., 1992), furthermore, the growth rate has a direct effect on the physical properties of meat (Fishell et al., 1985). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of a severe food restriction at a early stage of maturity on the slaughter characteristics and meat quality of Belgian Blue bulls.Twelve Belgian Blue bulls (dual purpose type) weighing 233 kg were offered two different planes of nutrition during the growing period. Six bulls (Group-) received a restricted diet so that their average daily gain was 0.34 kg/d (Group+) during 202 days. By contrast six other bulls were given a more conventional growing diet and their average daily gain was 1.13 kg/d. Both Groups were fattened with similar diet and slaughtered when the live weight was close to 600 kg. Carcass weight was measured and killing-out proportion calculated, the composition of the carcass was estimated after dissection of ribs 7, 8, 9 removed 48 h post-mortem.

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209 Genomic selection for multiple maternal and growth traits in large white pigs using Single-Step GBLUP

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.084 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 42-42

Author(s):

Breno Fragomeni ◽

Zulma Vitezica ◽

Justine Liu ◽

Yijian Huang ◽

Kent Gray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Correlation ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Computing Time ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Single Step ◽

Genomic Information ◽

Genomic Evaluation ◽

Large White ◽

Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of this study was to implement a multi-trait genomic evaluation for maternal and growth traits in a swine population. Phenotypes for preweaning mortality, litter size, weaning weight, and average daily gain were available for 282K Large White pigs. The pedigree included 314k individuals, of which 35,731 were genotyped for 45K SNPs. Variance components were estimated in a multi-trait animal model without genomic information by AIREMLF90. Genomic breeding values were estimated using the genomic information by single-step GBLUP. The algorithm for proven and young (APY) was used to reduce computing time. Genetic correlation between proportion and the total number of preweaning deaths was 0.95. A strong, positive genetic correlation was also observed between weaning weight and average daily gain (r = 0.94). Conversely, the genetic correlations between mortality and growth traits were negative, with an average of -0.7. To avoid computations by expensive threshold models, preweaning mortality was transformed from a binary trait to two linear dam traits: proportion and a total number of piglets dead before weaning. Because of the high genetic correlations within groups of traits, inclusion of only one growth and one mortality trait in the model decreases computing time and allows for the inclusion of other traits. Reduction in computing time for the evaluation using APY was up to 20x, and no differences in EPD ranking were observed. The algorithm for proven and young improves the efficiency of genomic evaluation in swine without harming the quality of predictions. For this population, a binary trait of mortality can be replaced by a linear trait of the dam, resulting in a similar ranking for the selection candidates.

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