scholarly journals Expression and distribution of EPHA4 and Ephrin A3 in Aohan fine-wool sheep skin

2022 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Yu Cui ◽  
Chunliang Wang ◽  
Lirong Liu ◽  
Nan Liu ◽  
Jianning He
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Fine Hair ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Temporal Specificity ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Abstract. The objective of this study was to identify the expression and distribution of EPHA4 and Ephrin A3 genes in the development and morphogenesis of hair follicles in fine-wool sheep. The results could lay a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular mechanism that regulates hair follicle development. The skin of Aohan fine-wool sheep at different developmental stages (embryonic day 90, E90d, and 120, E120d, and postnatal day 1, B1d, and 30, B30d) were selected. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to study the levels of mRNA and proteins, respectively. The RT-qPCR results showed that the mRNA expression level of EPHA4 at B1d was significantly lower than at E120d (p<0.01). The expression of Ephrin A3 at E120d was significantly higher than that at E90d and B1d (p<0.01). Immunohistochemical detection results showed that the level and localisation of EPHA4 and Ephrin A3 proteins had spatial and temporal specificity. EPHA4 expression in dermal papilla cells might be important for inducing Aohan fine-hair follicle regeneration and for controlling the properties of the hair. Ephrin A3 might play an important role in the redifferentiation of secondary hair follicles and might also be involved in the inhibition of apoptosis-related gene expression in hair follicles. The Ephrin A3 signalling pathway might accelerate the growth of fine-hair follicles and increase the density of hair follicles.

scholarly journals Using WGCNA (weighted gene co-expression network analysis) to identify the hub genes of skin hair follicle development in fetus stage of Inner Mongolia cashmere goat

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243507
Author(s):  
Zhihong Wu ◽  
Erhan Hai ◽  
Zhengyang Di ◽  
Rong Ma ◽  
Fangzheng Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Objective Mature hair follicles represent an important stage of hair follicle development, which determines the stability of hair follicle structure and its ability to enter the hair cycle. Here, we used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify hub genes of mature skin and hair follicles in Inner Mongolian cashmere goats. Methods We used transcriptome sequencing data for the skin of Inner Mongolian cashmere goats from fetal days 45–135 days, and divided the co expressed genes into different modules by WGCNA. Characteristic values were used to screen out modules that were highly expressed in mature skin follicles. Module hub genes were then selected based on the correlation coefficients between the gene and module eigenvalue, gene connectivity, and Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The results were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results Ten modules were successfully defined, of which one, with a total of 3166 genes, was selected as a specific module through sample and gene expression pattern analyses. A total of 584 candidate hub genes in the module were screened by the correlation coefficients between the genes and module eigenvalue and gene connectivity. Finally, GO/KEGG functional enrichment analyses detected WNT10A as a key gene in the development and maturation of skin hair follicles in fetal Inner Mongolian cashmere goats. qPCR showed that the expression trends of 13 genes from seven fetal skin samples were consistent with the sequencing results, indicating that the sequencing results were reliable.n

Smooth muscle alpha-actin is a marker for hair follicle dermis in vivo and in vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Jahoda ◽  
A.J. Reynolds ◽  
C. Chaponnier ◽  
J.C. Forester ◽  
G. Gabbiani
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Alpha Actin ◽  
Actin Expression ◽  
Alpha Actin ◽  
Sheath Cells

We have examined the expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin in hair follicles in situ, and in hair follicle dermal cells in culture by means of immunohistochemistry. Smooth muscle alpha-actin was present in the dermal sheath component of rat vibrissa, rat pelage and human follicles. Dermal papilla cells within all types of follicles did not express the antigen. However, in culture a large percentage of both hair dermal papilla and dermal sheath cells were stained by this antibody. The same cells were negative when tested with an antibody to desmin. Overall, explant-derived skin fibroblasts had relatively low numbers of positively marked cells, but those from skin regions of high hair-follicle density displayed more smooth muscle alpha-actin expression than fibroblasts from areas with fewer follicles. 2-D SDS-PAGE confirmed that, unlike fibroblasts, cultured papilla cells contained significant quantities of the alpha-actin isoform. The rapid switching on of smooth muscle alpha-actin expression by dermal papilla cells in early culture, contrasts with the behaviour of smooth muscle cells in vitro, and has implications for control of expression of the antigen in normal adult systems. The very high percentage of positively marked cultured papilla and sheath cells also provides a novel marker of cells from follicle dermis, and reinforces the idea that they represent a specialized cell population, contributing to the heterogeneity of fibroblast cell types in the skin dermis, and possibly acting as a source of myofibroblasts during wound healing.

scholarly journals Hair follicle germs containing vascular endothelial cells for hair regenerative medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuto Kageyama ◽  
Yang-Sook Chun ◽  
Junji Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells

AbstractHair regenerative medicine has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of severe hair loss. Recent advances in three-dimensional tissue engineering, such as formation of hair follicle germs (HFGs), have considerably improved hair regeneration after transplantation in animal models. Here, we proposed an approach for fabricating HFGs containing vascular endothelial cells. Epithelial, dermal papilla, and vascular endothelial cells initially formed a single aggregate, which subsequently became a dumbbell-shaped HFG, wherein the vascular endothelial cells localized in the region of dermal papilla cells. The HFGs containing vascular endothelial cells exhibited higher expression of hair morphogenesis-related genes in vitro, along with higher levels of hair shaft regeneration upon transplantation to the dorsal side of nude mice, than those without vascular endothelial cells. The generated hair follicles represented functional characteristics, such as piloerection, as well as morphological characteristics comparable to those of natural hair shafts. This approach may provide a promising strategy for fabricating tissue grafts with higher hair inductivity for hair regenerative medicine.

Regulation of hair follicle development by exosomes derived from dermal papilla cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 500 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Zhou ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
Lijuan Yu ◽  
Xianjie Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

scholarly journals Single-cell sequencing reveals the intermediate cell state and function of dermal papilla cells in the hair follicle cycle of cashmere goats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yang ◽  
Zhihong Liu ◽  
Tianyu Che ◽  
Juntao Guo ◽  
Yuchun Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Intermediate Cell ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Hair Follicle Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Cells ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Human hair loss and regeneration has stimulated interest in the natural hair cycle worldwide; however, such research is difficult because the periodicity of human or mouse hair is not visually obvious. Dermal papilla cells (DP cells) play an important role in the development of hair follicles, but knowledge of the differentiation and mechanisms of DP stem cells during transition through the hair follicle cycle are still limited, although some studies have reported that DP cells may have an intermediate cell state during differentiation, the classification and function of specific cell states are not clear. Results: Here, we used cashmere goats, that have obvious periodicity of hair follicles, as model animals and, based on unbiased single cell RNA sequencing, we identified and isolated DP cell data. Pseudotime ordering analysis was used to successfully construct a DP cell lineage differentiation trajectory and revealed the sequential activation of key genes, signaling pathways, and functions involved in cell fate decisions. At the same time, we analyzed the mechanisms of different cell fates and revealed the function of four different intermediate cells: Intermediate cells 10 showed important functions in the growth of cashmere and maintenance of cashmere attachment to the skin; intermediate cells 1 revealed important functions in the process of apoptosis and cashmere shedding of secondary hair follicles; intermediate cells 0 initiated new follicular cycles and completed the migration of hair follicles and the occurrence of cashmere; and intermediate cells 15 are suggested to be DP progenitor cells. Conclusions: In development and apoptosis, inner bulge cells not only earlier than outer bulge cells, but occurred faster and was more thorough,this helps a deeper understanding of the role of bulge cells. Pseudogenes play another important role in function which promoted the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hybridization of pseudogenes.In different hair follicle cycles, DP cells will differentiate into different intermediate state cells and perform different functions, and the marker genes of the cells also changed. Intermediate cells 10 showed important functions in the growth of cashmere and maintenance of cashmere attachment to the skin; intermediate cells 1 revealed important functions in the process of apoptosis and cashmere shedding of secondary hair follicles; intermediate cells 0 initiated new follicular cycles and completed the migration of hair follicles and the occurrence of cashmere; and intermediate cells 15 are DP progenitor cells, this conclusion provides an unprecedented deeper understanding of the function of DP cells.

scholarly journals MiR-143 Targeting CUX1 to Regulate Proliferation of Dermal Papilla Cells in Hu Sheep

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2017
Author(s):  
Tingyan Hu ◽  
Sainan Huang ◽  
Xiaoyang Lv ◽  
Shanhe Wang ◽  
Tesfaye Getachew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle Development ◽  
Hu Sheep ◽  
Determining Factor

Wool curvature is the determining factor for lambskin quality of Hu lambs. However, the molecular mechanism of wool curvature formation is not yet known. MiRNA has been proved to play an important role in hair follicle development, and we have discovered a differentially expressed miRNA, miR-143, in hair follicles of different curl levels. In this study, we first examined the effects of miR-143 on the proliferation and cell cycle of dermal papilla cells using CCK8, EdU and flow cytometry and showed that miR-143 inhibited the proliferation of dermal papilla cells and slowed down the cell cycle. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the target genes KRT71 and CUX1 of miR-143, and both two genes were expressed at significantly higher levels in small waves than in straight lambskin wool (p < 0.05) as detected by qPCR and Western blot (WB). Then, the target relationships between miR-143 and KRT71 and CUX1 were verified through the dual-luciferase assay in 293T cells. Finally, after overexpression and suppression of miR-143 in dermal papilla cells, the expression trend of CUX1 was contrary to that of miR-143. Meanwhile, KRT71 was not detected because KRT71 was not expressed in dermal papilla cells. Therefore, we speculated that miR-143 can target CUX1 to inhibit the proliferation of dermal papilla cells, while miR-143 can target KRT71 to regulate the growth and development of hair follicles, so as to affect the development of hair follicles and ultimately affect the formation of wool curvature.

scholarly journals Maintaining Hair Inductivity in Human Dermal Papilla Cells: A Review of Effective Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-292
Author(s):  
Ehsan Taghiabadi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh ◽  
Nasser Aghdami
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle Growth

The dermal papilla comprises mesenchymal cells in hair follicles, which play the main role in regulating hair growth. Maintaining the potential hair inductivity of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dermal sheath cells during cell culture is the main factor in in vitro morphogenesis and regeneration of hair follicles. Using common methods for the cultivation of human dermal papilla reduces the maintenance requirements of the inductive capacity of the dermal papilla and the expression of specific dermal papilla biomarkers. Optimizing culture conditions is therefore crucial for DPCs. Moreover, exosomes appear to play a key role in regulating the hair follicle growth through a paracrine mechanism and provide a functional method for treating hair loss. The present review investigated the biology of DPCs, the molecular and cell signaling mechanisms contributing to hair follicle growth in humans, the properties of the dermal papilla, and the effective techniques in maintaining hair inductivity in DPC cultures in humans as well as hair follicle bioengineering.

scholarly journals Balding hair follicle dermal papilla cells contain higher levels of androgen receptors than those from non-balding scalp

1998 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Hibberts ◽  
AE Howell ◽  
VA Randall
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Dermal Papilla Cells

Androgens can gradually transform large scalp hair follicles to smaller vellus ones, causing balding. The mechanisms involved are unclear, although androgens are believed to act on the epithelial hair follicle via the mesenchyme-derived dermal papilla. This study investigates whether the levels and type of androgen receptors in primary lines of cultured dermal papilla cells derived from balding scalp hair follicles differ from those of follicles from non-balding scalp. Androgen receptor content was measured by saturation analysis using the non-metabolisable androgen, [3H]mibolerone (0.05-10 nM) in a 9-10 point assay. Pubic dermal fibroblasts and Shionogi cells were examined as positive controls. Repetitive assays of Shionogi cells showed good precision in the levels of androgen receptor content (coefficient of variation = 3.7%). Specific, high affinity, low capacity androgen receptors were detected in dermal papilla cells from both balding and non-balding follicles. Balding cells contained significantly (P < 0.01) greater levels of androgen receptors (Bmax = 0.06 +/- 0.01 fmol/10(4) cells (mean +/- S.E.M.)) than those from non-balding scalp (0.04 +/- 0.001). Competition studies with a range of steroids showed no differences in receptor binding specificity in the two cell types. The higher levels of androgen receptors in cells from balding scalp hair follicles with similar properties to those from non-balding scalp concur with the expectations from their in vivo responses to androgens. This supports the hypothesis that androgens act via the dermal papilla and suggests that cultured dermal papilla cells may offer a model system for studying androgen action in androgenetic alopecia.

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