scholarly journals First insights on Lake General Carrera/Buenos Aires/Chelenko water balance

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zambrano ◽  
R. Abarca del Rio ◽  
J.-F. Cretaux ◽  
B. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Tectonic Origin

Abstract. Lago General Carrera (Chile) also called Lago Buenos Aires (Argentina) or originally Chelenko by the native habitants of the region is located in Patagonia on the Chilean-Argentinean border. It is the largest lake in Chile with a surface area of 1850 km2. The lake is of glacial/tectonic origin and surrounded by the Andes mountain range. The lake drains primarily to the Pacific Ocean to the west, through the Baker River (one of Chile's largest rivers), and intermittently eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. We report ongoing results from an investigation of the seasonal hydrological cycle of the lake basin. The contribution by river input through snowmelt from the Andes is of primary importance, though the lack of water input by ungaged rivers is also critical. We present the main variables involved in the water balance of Lake General Carrera/Buenos Aires/Chelenko, such as influent and effluent river flows, precipitation, and evaporation, all this based mostly in in-situ information.

scholarly journals Quaternary Marine Mollusk Associations of the Last Interglacials in North Patagonia (Argentina): Paleoecology and Paleoclimates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Charó
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Rio Negro ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Crassostrea Rhizophorae ◽  
Mis 5E

Deposits of different Quaternary marine transgressions are largely exposed in the Argentine north Patagonian littoral (39°15′S–41°02′S), south of the Buenos Aires and north of Río Negro provinces. The malacological associations of 84 sites were studied. Among them, 31 belong to Pleistocene deposits of the interglacials ≥ MIS 9, MIS 7, MIS 5e, 29 to Holocene deposits of the interglacial MIS 1, and 24 sites of modern beaches. These sites yielded 7385 fossils among valves and shells, of 78 species (42 bivalves and 36 gastropods), including 11 micromolluskan species. The record of the bivalves Crassostrea rhizophorae in the south of the Buenos Aires Province, and Anomalocardia brasiliana (both currently inhabiting lower latitudes), and very likely the gastropod Tegula atra (inhabiting today the Pacific Ocean) in the north of Río Negro Province, suggests that interglacials MIS 7, MIS 5e and MIS 1 were warmer than today. However, the associations determined for the studied interglacials have not changed in their composition, but in abundance of species, except for the latitudinal shifts of the three mentioned species, and the presence of cold to temperate water taxa since the MIS 1 in the ecotonal area of the north of Río Negro Province. Changes in the associations of northern Patagonia during the Quaternary derived from global changes (sea surface temperature, salinity, etc.), and the existence of habitat heterogeneity in each of the areas, that enabled the co-existence of different bivalve and gastropod species of the local benthic marine malacofauna.

scholarly journals Regional Parameter Estimation of the SWAT Model: Methodology and Application to River Basins in the Peruvian Pacific Drainage

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3198
Author(s):  
Flavio Alexander Asurza-Véliz ◽  
Waldo Sven Lavado-Casimiro
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Parameters Estimation ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Hydrological Data ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Main Components

This study presents a methodology for the regional parameters estimation of the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model, with the objective of estimating daily flow series in the Pacific drainage under the context of limited hydrological data availability. This methodology has been designed to obtain the model parameters from a limited number of basins (14) to finally regionalize them to basins without hydrological data based on physical-climatic characteristics. In addition, the bootstrapping method was selected to estimate the uncertainty associated with the parameters set selection in the regionalization process. In general, the regionalized parameters reduce the initial underestimation which is reflected in a better quantification of daily flows, and improve the low flows performance. Furthermore, the results show that the SWAT model correctly represents the water balance and seasonality of the hydrological cycle main components. However, the model does not correctly quantify the high flows rates during wet periods. These findings provide supporting information for studies of water balance and water management on the Peruvian Pacific drainage. The approach and methods developed can be replicated in any other region of Peru.

Description of the female of Chelis ferghana Dubatolov, 1988, an endemic moth species of the Tien Shan Range in Central Asia (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4790 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-200
Author(s):  
VITALY M. SPITSYN ◽  
GRIGORY S. POTAPOV
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Moth Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

Seven Arctiine genera have recently been synonymized with the genus Chelis Rambur, 1866 using a comprehensive multi-locus phylogeny (Rönkä et al. 2016). The genus Chelis s. str. contains nine species, the ranges of which cover temperate and subtropical areas of Eurasia from the Iberian Peninsula to the Pacific Ocean coast (Dubatolov & de Vos 2010, Ortiz et al. 2016). Two species, i.e. Chelis ferghana Dubatolov, 1988 and C. strigulosa (Böttcher, 1905), are endemic to the Tien Shan Mountain Range. These taxa can be distinguished by morphological differences in the apical part of the valva. 

Calls distinguish species of Antbirds (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) in the genus Pyriglena

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4291 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
MORTON L. ISLER ◽  
MARCOS MALDONADO-COELHO
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Major River ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Pyriglena Leucoptera ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Central South

Populations in the genus Pyriglena Cabanis, 1847, commonly known as fire-eyes, are patchily distributed in central South America from the Pacific slope of the Andes to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Pyriglena populations are currently placed into 12 taxa, only five of which are not isolated from their neighbors by distance, a high mountain range, or a major river. In the Thamnophilidae, taxonomic decisions regarding such allopatric populations have primarily rested on differences in vocalizations, thought not to be learned and to play a key role in the speciation process. When we examined Pyriglena vocalizations in this context, the outcomes revealed substantial diversity in their calls, rather than their songs. They commonly delivered four different types of calls, unusual although not unprecedented in thamnophilids. Diversity in calls rather than songs underscores the need to consider all vocalizations in taxonomic studies. The outcomes support the continued recognition of the White-shouldered Fire-eye Pyriglena leucoptera (Vieillot) and Fringe-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena atra (Swainson) as distinct species, and indicate that, in addition, the currently constituted Pyriglena leuconota should be considered three species: the Western Fire-eye Pyriglena maura (Ménétries); the Tapajos Fire-eye Pyriglena similis Zimmer; and the East Amazonian Fire-eye Pyriglena leuconota (von Spix). We also identify taxonomic uncertainties regarding subspecies that require acquisition of additional data and further analysis. 

scholarly journals Marine Planktonic Archaea Take Up Amino Acids

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4829-4833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleber C. Ouverney ◽  
Jed A. Fuhrman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Archaeal Communities

ABSTRACT Archaea are traditionally thought of as “extremophiles,” but recent studies have shown that marine planktonic Archaea make up a surprisingly large percentage of ocean midwater microbial communities, up to 60% of the total prokaryotes. However, the basic physiology and contribution of Archaea to community microbial activity remain unknown. We have studied Archaea from 200-m depths of the northwest Mediterranean Sea and the Pacific Ocean near California, measuring the archaeal activity under simulated natural conditions (8 to 17°C, dark and anaerobic) by means of a method called substrate tracking autoradiography fluorescence in situ hybridization (STARFISH) that simultaneously detects specific cell types by 16S rRNA probe binding and activity by microautoradiography. In the 200-m-deep Mediterranean and Pacific samples, cells binding the archaeal probes made up about 43 and 14% of the total countable cells, respectively. Our results showed that the Archaea are active in the uptake of dissolved amino acids from natural concentrations (nanomolar) with about 60% of the individuals in the archaeal communities showing measurable uptake. Bacteria showed a similar proportion of active cells. We concluded that a portion of these Archaea is heterotrophic and also appears to coexist successfully with Bacteria in the same water.

A Preliminary Investigation of the Flood Plain of the Rio Grande de Térraba, Costa Rica

1943 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Stone
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Parallel Chain ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Cordillera De Talamanca ◽  
Coastal Range

The Cordillera de Talamanca, the principal mountain range in southeastern Costa Rica, is a rugged chain which overlies, in part at least, an earlier volcanic mass, and is directly connected with the Chiriqui range of western Panama. The Pacific Ocean is, as the crow flies, a comparatively short distance from the Talamancan peaks. From the Rio Savegre in the southwest to the Rio Chiriqui Viejo in Panama runs a smaller parallel chain, known as the Pacific coastal range.

scholarly journals A cut-off low in southern South America: dynamic and thermodynamic processes

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Anibal Godoy ◽  
Norma Edit Possia ◽  
Claudia Marcela Campetella ◽  
Yanina García Skabar
Keyword(s):  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Horizontal Advection ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Divergence Effect ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Cutoff Low ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Thermodynamic Processes

The dynamic and thermodynamic processes involved in the life cycle of a cutoff low occurred in March 2007 are studied. These processes are analyzed using the vorticity and thermodynamic equations and a set of analyses generated with the BRAMS model. The main processes that explain the segregation of the subtropical part of the trough are the horizontal advection of cyclonic vorticity at high levels and warm horizontal advection at middle levels, both over the Pacific Ocean extending south to the Patagonia region, building the ridge located upstream of the trough. Increased intensity of the upper level low pressure system is mainly explained by intensification of the ridges down and upstream. The divergence effect is opposed to the horizontal advection of vorticity which explains the stagnation of the cut-off low windward of the Andes. The decay stage is dominated by warm vertical advection. Assuming the conservation of potential vorticity the analysis of parcel trajectories , allowed detecting the entrance of stratospheric air to middle levels of the lower troposphere around the cut-off low.

scholarly journals Impact of Data Assimilation on ECCO2 Equatorial Undercurrent and North Equatorial Countercurrent in the Pacific Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Halpern ◽  
Dimitris Menemenlis ◽  
Xiaochun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Equatorial Undercurrent ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of data assimilation on the transports of eastward-flowing Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) and North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC) in the Pacific Ocean from 145°E to 95°W during 2004–05 and 2009–11 was assessed. Two Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, Phase II (ECCO2), solutions were analyzed: one with data assimilation and one without. Assimilated data included satellite observations of sea surface temperature and ocean surface topography, in which the sampling patterns were approximately uniform over the 5 years, and in situ measurements of subsurface salinity and temperature profiles, in which the sampling patterns varied considerably in space and time throughout the 5 years. Velocity measurements were not assimilated. The impact of data assimilation was considered significant when the difference between the transports computed with and without data assimilation was greater than 5.5 × 106 m3 s−1 (or 5.5 Sv; 1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) for the EUC and greater than 5.0 Sv for the NECC. In addition, the difference of annual-mean transports computed from 3-day-averaged data was statistically significant at the 95% level. The impact of data assimilation ranged from no impact to very substantial impact when data assimilation increased the EUC transport and decreased the NECC transport. The study’s EUC results had some correspondence with other studies and no simple agreement or disagreement pattern emerged among all studies of the impact of data assimilation. No comparable study of the impact of data assimilation on the NECC has been made.

The rare deep-living hyperiid amphipod Megalanceoloides remipes (Barnard, 1932): complementary description and symbiosis

Zootaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4178 (1) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
REBECA GASCA ◽  
STEVEN H.D. HADDOCK
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
In Situ Observations

A female ovigerous specimen of the rare deep-living hyperiid Megalanceoloides remipes (Barnard, 1932) was collected with a remotely operated submersible (ROV) at a depth of 2,094 m in the Farallon Basin, Gulf of California. The specimen was found to be symbiotically associated with the siphonophore Apolemia sp. Eschscholtz, 1829. Hitherto, this species was known only from two other specimens, one from the South Atlantic and another from the Indian Ocean; the present record is the first from the Pacific Ocean. Previous descriptions lacked morphological details of different appendages; these data are provided here. In addition, we present the first data on its symbiotic association from in situ observations. The colors of the hyperiid and of some parts of the Apolemid were very similar, thus supporting the notion that some hyperiids tend to mimic the color of its host. 

scholarly journals Exploring the Potential Distribution of Relic Trochodendron aralioides: An Approach Using Open-Access Resources and Free Software

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1749
Author(s):  
Ching-An Chiu ◽  
Tetsuya Matsui ◽  
Nobuyuki Tanaka ◽  
Cheng-Tao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Good Discrimination ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Access Data

Trochodendron aralioides Siebold & Zucc. is a relic tree that is discontinuously scattered across the mountainous areas of Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea, but the origin of T. aralioides in South Korea is still unclear and debated. To confirm its distribution and explore its origins, we constructed a streamlined framework to examine potential species distribution using multiple open access data and free and open-source software, as well as employing maximum entropy principles to predict the potential distribution of T. aralioides. The results showed reasonably good discrimination and were used to examine and discuss the explicit distribution of T. aralioides. The potential distribution of T. aralioides in Japan extended from Iriomote Island to approximately 37° N in Honshu on the Pacific Ocean side. In Taiwan, the potential distribution of T. aralioides was more common than in Japan. It occurred at 1500–3000 m a.s.l. across the Central Mountain Range and decreased toward the northern and southern tips, correlating to the descending pattern of the cloud belt. Thermal and moisture conditions were important factors to determine the distribution of T. aralioides. The potential distribution indicated that Jeju island had high potential as a habitat for T. aralioides, and that may indirectly imply its existence and origins in South Korea, as some researchers have noted.

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