Mappıng wıth the use of uas. Project plannıng and adjustment: the case of Mersınıdı landslıdes (Chıos Island, NE Aegean)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafsika-Ioanna Spyrou ◽  
Eirini Spyridoula Stanota ◽  
Emmanuel Andreadakis ◽  
Emmanuel Skourtsos ◽  
Stylianos Lozios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Stream Flows ◽  
The Road ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Modern Technologies

<p>This project aims at the use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) applications for mapping. Geomorphological mapping of features and changes with the use of UAS, in cases of floods, landslides, stream flows, etc. has been growing rapidly in recent years. It is combined with traditional mapping methods as well as modern technologies such as Geographic Information System (GIS). Our work concerns landslide hazard in the study area of Chios, in particular along the Chios - Kardamila road in the Mersinidi - Miliga region with a record of landslides and particular geological interest. During the field survey a) three-dimensional model of the slope was made across the road using UAS and the apropriate software, b) point cloud, c) a mosaic orthophotomap and d) a Digital Surface Model (DSM). After the data collection components material we followed detailed geological and tectonic mapping with enormous accuracy because the innovative technologies provided us multiple data compared to older methodologies. The exploitation of the Structure from Motion provided us with information of the inaccessible parts of the study area.</p><p> </p>

Unmanned aircraft systems enable three-dimensional viewshed-based assessment of potential disturbance to nesting raptors by recreational rock climbing

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
James F. Dwyer ◽  
Daryl D. Austin ◽  
Chelsea Beebe
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Jefferson County ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Peregrine Falcons

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) can be safer, less expensive, and less labor intensive than manned aircraft in wildlife conservation programs. Consequently, the use of UAS is increasing, but other than installation of line markers to reduce avian collision with power lines, UAS approaches generally involve passive observations. We wondered if UAS could more actively help guide conservation decision-making, so we used UAS-sourced photographs to create 3D models of cliffs to conduct viewshed-based assessments of potential disturbance to nesting raptors by recreational rock climbing. At Cathedral Spires Park and Clear Creek Canyon Park in Jefferson County, Colo., we collected 4790 photographs from which we constructed 3D models. We identified climbing routes and climbing areas with potential to disturb nesting Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) and Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). Our findings were useful in providing Jefferson County Open Space (JCOS) with quantitative data so that informed defensible resource management decisions could be made. This project provides an example of how UAS can be used to actively create products useful in wildlife conservation and management and, given the widespread and increasing popularity of rock climbing globally, likely can be generalized to other areas worldwide where rock climbers and nesting raptors share cliffs.

scholarly journals The Model of Digital Cartographic Layers of Different Scales to Calculate the Ratios of Cartographic Generalizations: An Applied Study to Anah City

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245-1252
Author(s):  
Zuhair Jaber Mushref ◽  
Ameer Mohammed Khalaf ◽  
Salah Othman Abed Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Functional Importance ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Digital Cartography ◽  
Accurate Perception ◽  
Modern Technologies

The research aims to give an accurate perception of the role of modern technologies, represented by geographic information systems, in extracting data and information, and then building a geographical database for urban land uses in an Ana city to reach generalized models based on the source map with a scale of 1/5000 and then building generalized models through The application of digital generalization elements according to the different standards adopted in the research (1/10000, 1/25000, 1/50000, 1/100000) in order to reach the end to the best results in the cartographic production of these models in a way that facilitates the process of understanding and perception by finding The most appropriate way to represent this data on a map according For the functional importance of each of the uses through disposal to eliminate overlap between uses Depending on the generalization elements of selecting, deleting, simplifying, smoothing, coding and exaggeration, and finally, as The research showed that there is a difference in the areas, uses and preparation of methods when moving from one scale to another. the research concluded by building a three-dimensional model to simulate the natural process of generalizing digital cartography according to different scales.

scholarly journals Analysis of high frequency vibration of tram monobloc wheel

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Bogdan Sowiński
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rail System ◽  
European Environmental Agency ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
The Eu

European Environmental Agency estimates that about 120 million people in the EU (over 30% of the total population) are exposed to traffic noise above 55 Ldn dB. It is estimated that 10% of the EU population is exposed to noise associated with the rail traffic. The two main sources of traffic noise comes from vehicles engines and the noise generated in the contact between the wheel and the road. In the latter the considerable part the noise is due to phenomena occurring in a wheel tram – rail system. Therefore, the problem of reducing the noise generated by railway vehicles is the subject of many studies, both experimental and theoretical. Commonly used wheel trams so called "resilient wheels" are equipped with layer made of a resilient material, e.g. rubber, between the tread and the wheel disc. But the monobloc tram wheel is the standard design against which should be carried out the studies on reduction of noise in wheel-rail system. This paper presents the results of calculations related to eigenforms, eigenfrequencies and Frequency Response Function of a three-dimensional model of a monobloc tram wheel. The calculations were carried out using the finite element method. Vibration analysis was performed for the range to 5 kHz. Analysis carried out has shown that the wheel tread plays a more important role in the generation of high-frequency vibrations.

scholarly journals A tiger cannot change its stripes: using a three-dimensional model to match images of living tigers and tiger skins

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lex Hiby ◽  
Phil Lovell ◽  
Narendra Patil ◽  
N. Samba Kumar ◽  
Arjun M. Gopalaswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Surface Patterns ◽  
Central Database ◽  
Dimensional Surface

The tiger is one of many species in which individuals can be identified by surface patterns. Camera traps can be used to record individual tigers moving over an array of locations and provide data for monitoring and studying populations and devising conservation strategies. We suggest using a combination of algorithms to calculate similarity scores between pattern samples scanned from the images to automate the search for a match to a new image. We show how using a three-dimensional surface model of a tiger to scan the pattern samples allows comparison of images that differ widely in camera angles and body posture. The software, which is free to download, considerably reduces the effort required to maintain an image catalogue and we suggest it could be used to trace the origin of a tiger skin by searching a central database of living tigers' images for matches to an image of the skin.

scholarly journals CREATING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL OF THE CENTRAL PLANNING DISTRICT OF PERM BASED ON AERIAL SURVEY DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-168
Author(s):  
Artem S. Zaripov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Central Planning ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Entire Area

The aim of the work was to create a detailed digital model of the Central Planning District (DPC) of Perm. Aerial photography from an unmanned aerial vehicle was used as the main method. The uniqueness of the work lies in the combination of two types of UAVs in one project. The relevance of the research is substantiated by combined use of two UAVs types, which made it possible to shoot vast territory with complex boundaries in high resolution. The subject was a vast urban area with a complex structure. To improve the quality of geo-referencing of the final data, the survey was carried out using reference signs placed over the entire area covered by flights. The result of the work was an orthomosaic with a spatial resolution of 2 cm per pixel, as well as a digital terrain model and a three-dimensional model with a resolution of 11 and 3 cm, respectively. Thanks to the use of reference signs, the reference accuracy, both planned and high, is in average less than 3 cm and does not exceed 5 cm in any sign. On the geoportal, the orthophotomap is used as an accessible, connected, large-scale detailed substrate, and the three-dimensional model is optimized for viewing in a browser and viewable from any angle.

scholarly journals Airfoil Surface Forming and Conformity Test Using Laser Tracker

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Habtamu Beri ◽  
Perumalla Janaki Ramulu
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Laser Tracker ◽  
Maximum Magnitude ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Airfoil Surface ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Naca0018 Airfoil

In this study, NACA0018 airfoil surface conformity test was conducted using API tracker3 in combination with SpatialAnalyzer (SA) and modeling software SolidWorks. Plaster of Paris is used as a plug making material and a woven-type fiberglass is used as mold and airfoil surface making material. For airfoil surface analysis, three-dimensional model of the airfoil surface was developed in SolidWorks software and imported in IGES file format to SpatialAnalyzer (SA) software. Then, measurements were taken from manufactured airfoil surface using laser tracker through surface scanning method. Surface conformity test was conducted through fitting of measured points to surface model imported from SolidWorks to SpatialAnalyzer (SA) software. The optimized fit summary result shows that the average fit difference is 0.0 having standard deviation from 0.22224 from the average and zero with RMS of 0.2210. The maximum magnitude of the difference including x and y together is 0.5336 and the minimum −0.5077. Thus, with a given range of surface quality specification, laser tracker is an easy and reliable measurement and inspection tool to be considered.

Optimal SUAS Path Planning in Three-Dimensional Constrained Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Michael D. Zollars ◽  
Richard G. Cobb ◽  
David J. Grymin
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Path Planning ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Orthogonal Collocation ◽  
Aircraft Systems

Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems have grown in autonomy and capability and continue to complement Department of Defense mission objectives. Teaming unmanned aircraft with manned vehicles can expand mission profiles and reduce risk to human life. To fully leverage unmanned systems, vehicles must be efficient and autonomous in path planning development. The work herein explores direct orthogonal collocation optimal control techniques combined with fast geometric path planning algorithms to reduce computation time and increase solution accuracy for small unmanned aircraft systems path planning missions. Previous work in the two-dimensional plane demonstrated a methodology to provide optimal flight paths through defined simplex corridors and simplified the optimal control parameter bounds by formulating the problem in the barycentric coordinate system. These methodologies are extended in this paper for three-dimensional flight and are solved with two different formulations for flight in an urban environment. The first formulation solves the constrained optimal control problem using a single phase while modeling the building constraints with superquadric functions. The second formulation implements the simplex methodology, eliminating polygonal constraints from the search domain, and solving the optimal path in a multiple phase approach. Results illustrate the benefits gained in computation time and accuracy when implementing simplex methods into the optimal control design and provide a foundation for closing the gap to real-time, onboard operations for unmanned vehicle path planning.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF USING UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TO CONTROL COMPLIANCE OF CONSTRUCTION RESULTS OF PIPELINE TRANSPORT FACILITIES WITH DESIGN SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Daniil V. Dolgopolov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft Systems ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Construction Works

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the use of aerial photography materials using unmanned aviation systems for three-dimensional modeling of pipeline transport facilities and the construction of the information model "How Built." An experiment was performed on three-dimensional modeling of the construction object on the basis of data obtained with the help of unmanned aircraft systems, accuracy of the obtained model was determined. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for using unmanned aviation systems to control compliance of the results of construction of pipeline transport facilities with design solutions. The results of the pilot studies show that it is possible to use these unmanned aircraft systems to monitor deviations from the working documentation during construction works on the site. The proposed solution can be used as a methodological basis for monitoring the results of construction of pipeline transport facilities by design solutions within the framework of construction works.

scholarly journals UAV AND CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY TO SUPPORT GEO-MECHANICAL ANALYSIS IN SAFETY ROAD MANAGEMENT: THE “VALLONE D’ELVA” ROAD

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 1159-1166
Author(s):  
E. Pontoglio ◽  
E. Colucci ◽  
A. Lingua ◽  
P. Maschio ◽  
M. R. Migliazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Dense Point ◽  
Survey Costs ◽  
Close Range ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. In the last decades, the development of geomatics and geomechanics techniques integration in the environmental field permits to obtain more detailed and accurate results, reducing the survey costs. The aim of the present work was aimed to apply these innovative combined methods and techniques in order to gain a detailed analysis of landslide hazard and on the stability condition of rocky slopes, to get useful information for subsequent design and feasibility planning of Vallone d’Elva road. During two different surveys period, geostructural surveys were carried out in situ (i.e. spatial orientation of discontinuity planes, their spacing and persistence), associated with geomatics surveys using drones (UAV technique – Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and terrestrial photogrammetric technique to get high-resolution images of the rockwalls along the road in areas with complex orography and inaccessible. Their data processing has allowed the generation of different kind of data at different scales, like some 3D dense point clouds with a huge definition, which have been used to generate three-dimensional surfaces models. This procedure has allowed obtaining DSM (Digital Surface Model), DTMs (Digital Terrain Models) and orthophotos with centimetre resolution (mean 4 cm). Moreover, to identify the geomechanical rockmasses features, have been computed a new photogrammetric product on 16 specific rockwall sites along the road: “vertical orthophotos”, with details of few mm. Besides, over then twenty detailed DTMs of rockwalls along the entire road have been generated to measure plane orientation, spacing and other geometrical characteristics of outcropping rock masses, which have been statistically collected and analysed.

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