scholarly journals The eWaterCycle platform for Open and FAIR Hydrological collaboration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Hut ◽  
Niels Drost ◽  
Nick van de Giesen ◽  
Ben van Werkhoven ◽  
Banafsheh Abdollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Model Code ◽  
Water Wheel ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Proper Science ◽  
Reproducible Manner

Abstract. Hutton (2016) argued that computational hydrology can only be a proper science if the hydrological community makes sure that hydrological model studies are executed and presented in a reproducible manner. We replied that to achieve this, hydrologists shouldn't ‘re-invent the water wheel’ but rather use existing technology from other fields (such as containers and ESMValTool) and open interfaces (such as BMI) to do their computational science (Hut, 2017). With this paper and the associated release of the eWaterCycle platform and software package1 we are putting our money where our mouth is and provide the hydrological community with a ‘FAIR by design’ platform to do our science. eWaterCycle is a platform that separates the experiment done on the model from the model code. In eWaterCycle hydrological models are accessed through a common interface (BMI) in Python and run inside of software containers. In this way all models are accessed in a similar manner facilitating easy switching of models, model comparison and model coupling. Currently the following models are available through eWaterCycle: PCR-GLOBWB 2.0, wflow, Hype, LISFLOOD, TopoFlex HBV, MARRMoT and WALRUS. While these models are written in different programming languages they can all be run and interacted with from the Jupyter notebook environment within eWaterCycle. Furthermore, the pre-processing of input data for these models has been streamlined by making use of ESMValTool. Forcing for the models available in eWaterCycle from well known datasets such as ERA5 can be generated with a single line of code. To illustrate the type of research that eWaterCycle facilitates this manuscript includes five case studies: from a simple ‘Hello World’ where only a hydrograph is generated to a complex coupling of models in different languages. In this manuscript we stipulate the design choices made in building eWaterCycle and provide all the technical details to understand and work with the platform. For system administrators who want to install eWaterCycle on their infrastructure we offer a separate installation guide. For computational hydologist who want to work with eWaterCycle we also provide a video explaining the platform from a users point of view. With the eWaterCycle platform we are providing the hydrological community with a platform to conduct their research fully compatible with the principles of Open Science as well as FAIR science.1available on Zenodo: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5119389

Higher-level geophysical modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Nuterman ◽  
Dion Häfner ◽  
Markus Jochum
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Model Code ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Fortran Implementation ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Generation

<p>Until recently, our pure Python, primitive equation ocean model Veros <br>has been about 1.5x slower than a corresponding Fortran implementation. <br>But thanks to a thriving scientific and machine learning library <br>ecosystem, tremendous speed-ups on GPU, and to a lesser degree CPU, are <br>within reach. Leveraging Google's JAX library, we find that our Python <br>model code can reach a 2-5 times higher energy efficiency on GPU <br>compared to a traditional Fortran model.</p><p>Therefore, we propose a new generation of geophysical models: One that <br>combines high-level abstractions and user friendliness on one hand, and <br>that leverages modern developments in high-performance computing and <br>machine learning research on the other hand.</p><p>We discuss what there is to gain from building models in high-level <br>programming languages, what we have achieved in Veros, and where we see <br>the modelling community heading in the future.</p>

Next-generation geophysical modelling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Nuterman ◽  
Dion Häfner ◽  
Markus Jochum ◽  
Brian Vinter
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Model Code ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Fortran Implementation ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Performance Computing

<div>So far, our pure Python, primitive equation ocean model Veros has been</div><div>about 50% slower than a corresponding Fortran implementation. But recent</div><div>benchmarks show that, thanks to a thriving scientific and machine</div><div>learning library ecosystem, tremendous speed-ups on GPU, and to a lesser</div><div>degree CPU, are within reach. On GPU, we find that the same model code</div><div>can reach a 2-5 times higher energy efficiency compared to a traditional</div><div>Fortran model.</div><div>We thus propose a new generation of geophysical models. One that</div><div>combines high-level abstractions and user friendliness on one hand, and</div><div>that leverages modern developments in high-performance computing on the</div><div>other hand.</div><div>We discuss what there is to gain from building models in high-level</div><div>programming languages, what we have achieved, and what the future holds</div><div>for us and the modelling community.</div>

scholarly journals Comparative Panel File: Household Panel Surveys from Seven Countries. Manual for CPF v.1.0 CPF

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Turek ◽  
Matthijs Kalmijn ◽  
Thomas Leopold
Keyword(s):  
Source Code ◽  
The United States ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Panel Surveys ◽  
Social Science Community ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Household Panel Data

The Comparative Panel File (CPF) harmonises the world's largest and longest-running household panel surveys from seven countries: Australia (HILDA), Germany (SOEP), Great Britain (BHPS and UKHLS), South Korea (KLIPS), Russia (RLMS), Switzerland (SHP), and the United States (PSID). The project aims to support the social science community in the analysis of comparative life course data. The CPF is not a data product but an open-source code that integrates individual and household panel data from all seven surveys into a harmonised three-level data structure. In this manual, we present the design and content of the CPF, explain the logic of the project, workflow and technical details. We also describe the CPF's open-science platform. More at: www.cpfdata.com

MOSQITO: an open-source and free toolbox for sound quality metrics in the industry and education

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. 1164-1175
Author(s):  
Roberto San Millán-Castillo ◽  
Eduardo Latorre-Iglesias ◽  
Martin Glesser ◽  
Salomé Wanty ◽  
Daniel Jiménez-Caminero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Quality Metrics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Efficient Learning ◽  
High Level

Sound quality metrics provide an objective assessment of the psychoacoustics of sounds. A wide range of metrics has been already standardised while others remain as active research topics. Calculation algorithms are available in commercial equipment or Matlab scripts. However, they may not present available data on general documentation and validation procedures. Moreover, the use of these tools might be unaffordable for some students and independent researchers. In recent years, the scientific and technical community has been developing uncountable open-source software projects in several knowledge fields. The permission to use, study, modify, improve and distribute open-source software make it extremely valuable. It encourages collaboration and sharing, and thus transparency and continuous improvement of the coding. Modular Sound Quality Integrated Toolbox (MOSQITO) project relies on one of the most popular high-level and free programming languages: Python. The main objective of MOSQITO is to provide a unified and modular framework of key sound quality and psychoacoustics metrics, free and open-source, which supports reproducible testing. Moreover, open-source projects can be efficient learning tools at University degrees. This paper presents the current structure of the toolbox from a technical point of view. Besides, it discusses open-source development contributions to graduates training.

scholarly journals Cyriax Friction Massage—Suggestions for Improvements

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitsillides ◽  
Stasinopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chronic Pain Management ◽  
First Line ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Line Treatment

Background and objectives: Cyriax friction massage is a widely known and used technique in the field of chronic pain management. Despite its frequent use in daily clinical practice, the technique lacks evidence to support its therapeutic value. While this might be due to various factors, the authors of this paper suggest that the technique might need to be improved and/or modernized according to the recent literature. The purpose of this letter is to further analyze our point of view. Materials and Methods: Using the most relevant methods to the subject literature, the authors intended to point out a few technical details that might need reconsideration and/or modernization. Results: An appropriate terminology is suggested in the text. Further, suggestions are made regarding the technique’s interval time, a possible addition of self-treatment, a discussion of the combination with Mill’s manipulation, tendon positioning and other parameters. Conclusions: As a therapeutic value has not yet been clearly documented, and since the modernization and/or improvement of the technique might be needed, we suggest that this technique should not be used as a first-line treatment for the management of chronic pain.

A Connection Design Methodology for Automated Assembly and the Framing of Buildings

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
N. Duke Perreira ◽  
Viet X. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Connection Strength ◽  
Automated Assembly ◽  
Building Frames ◽  
Assembly Task ◽  
Mechanical Assemblies ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Connection Design

The erection of structural building frames, like that of other mechanical assemblies, involves the use of handling systems and connection technologies. A new “chamfered” connection, now known as the ATLSS Connection, has been developed to both facilitate the framing assembly task and provide adequate connection strength through the life of the building. This paper outlines the methodology and technical details used in developing the connection geometry from an insertion mechanics point of view. Although framing of buildings is explicitly addressed here, the approach is just as viable for other mechanical assemblies. Parameters associated with the connection geometry are defined and used in simulations of possible insertion trajectories. The insertion forces and moments are used to determine the fine details of the trajectory. It was found that the geometric parameters greatly affect the maximum allowable amount of initial misalignment between the beam and the two mating columns as well as the stiffness of the connection and its ability to be easily inserted.

scholarly journals Code Approaches to Seismic Design of Masonry-Infilled Reinforced ConcreteFrames: A State-of-the-Art Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant B. Kaushik ◽  
Durgesh C. Rai ◽  
Sudhir K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Initial Stiffness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Model Code ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Performance Point

Masonry infill (MI) walls are remarkable in increasing the initial stiffness of reinforced concrete (RC) frames, and being the stiffer component, attract most of the lateral seismic shear forces on buildings, thereby reducing the demand on the RC frame members. However, behavior of MI is difficult to predict because of significant variations in material properties and because of failure modes that are brittle in nature. As a result, MI walls have often been treated as nonstructural elements in buildings, and their effects are not included in the analysis and design procedure. However, experience shows that MI may have significant positive or negative effects on the global behavior of buildings and, therefore, should be addressed appropriately. Various national codes differ greatly in the manner effects of MI are to be considered in the design process from aseismic performance point of view. This paper reviews and compares analysis and design provisions related to MI-RC frames in seismic design codes of 16 countries and identifies important issues that should be addressed by a typical model code.

scholarly journals Null and Void? Errors in Meta-analysis on Perceptual Disfluency and Recommendations to Improve Meta-analytical Reproducibility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia C. Weissgerber ◽  
Matthias Brunmair ◽  
Ralf Rummer
Keyword(s):  
Recall Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Analytical Requirements ◽  
Level 2

AbstractIn the 2018 meta-analysis of Educational Psychology Review entitled “Null effects of perceptual disfluency on learning outcomes in a text-based educational context” by Xie, Zhou, and Liu, we identify some errors and inconsistencies in both the methodological approach and the reported results regarding coding and effect sizes. While from a technical point of view the meta-analysis aligns with current meta-analytical guidelines (e.g., PRISMA) and conforms to general meta-analytical requirements (e.g., considering publication bias), it exemplifies certain insufficient practices in the creation and review of meta-analysis. We criticize the lack of transparency and negligence of open-science practices in the generation and reporting of results, which complicate evaluation of the meta-analytical reproducibility, especially given the flexibility in subjective choices regarding the analytical approach and the flexibility in creating the database. Here we present a framework applicable to pre- and post-publication review on improving the Methods Reproducibility of meta-analysis. Based on considerations of the transparency and openness (TOP)-guidlines (Nosek et al. Science 348: 1422–1425, 2015), the Reproducibility Enhancement Principles (REP; Stodden et al. Science 354:1240–1241, 2016), and recommendations by Lakens et al. (BMC Psychology 4: Article 24, 2016), we outline Computational Reproducibility (Level 1), Computational Verification (Level 2), Analysis Reproducibility (Level 3), and Outcome Reproducibility (Level 4). Applying reproducibility checks to TRANSFER performance as the chosen outcome variable, we found Xie’s and colleagues’ results to be (rather) robust. Yet, regarding RECALL performance and the moderator analysis, the identified problems raise doubts about the credibility of the reported results.

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