scholarly journals Evaluation of Soil Water Index of distributed Tank Model in a small basin with field data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Melo Vasconcellos ◽  
Masato Kobiyama ◽  
Aline de Almeida Mota
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Topographic Wetness Index ◽  
Tank Model ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Reliable Performance ◽  
Water Tension

Abstract. The objective of the present study was to determine the spatial behaviour of the Soil Water Index (SWI) by applying a distributed version of the Tank Model (D-Tank Model) to the Araponga river basin (5.26 ha) in southern Brazil and to verify its reliability through the comparison to soil moisture estimated with the measured water-tension values and the water retention curve. The study area has a monitoring system for rainfall, discharge (5-min interval), and soil-water tension (10-min interval). The simulation results showed that the D-Tank Model has a reliable performance. The correlation between SWI and HAND was reasonable (r = 0.6) meanwhile that between SWI and the Topographic Wetness Index was high (r = 0.88). The comparison between the spatially distributed values of the SWI and soil moisture confirmed the high potential of the SWI derived from the D-Tank Model to be applied for predictions related to hydrological and environmental sciences.

scholarly journals Rooting Depth, Growth and Yield of Sorghum as Affected by Soil Water Availability in an Ultisol and an Oxisol

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 329-335
Author(s):  
A. Wahab ◽  
H. Talleyrand ◽  
M. A. Lugo-López
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Available Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Tension

Grain and stover yields of RS 671 grain sorghum were measured at Barranquitas in an Oxisol and at Corozal in an Ultisol. Measurements were made of weather factors, soil moisture content and tension, plant growth, water deficits and rooting depths. At each site a plot was irrigated as often as necessary to maintain a soil water tension of less than 1 bar. Nonirrigated plots at Corozal were watered whenever necessary to prevent plants from wilting permanently. During a prolonged drought and at grain filling, sorghum extracted water in the Oxisol to a depth of 120 cm. Plants became water stressed after the soil water tension at a depth of 90 cm reached 15 bars. In the Ultisol, sorghum plants were unable to effectively extract available soil moisture at depths below 45 cm. Both plant growth and grain yield were greater in the Oxisol than in the Ultisol. The relative soil compaction of the Ultisol was greater than that of the Oxisol.

scholarly journals Determination of soil water tension for irrigation management of sweet sorghum

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
Karen Marcelle de Jesus Silva ◽  
Ignacio Aspiazú ◽  
Arley Fiqueiredo Portugal ◽  
Renato Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Polyanna Mara de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Water Tension

Culturing of sweet sorghum is being considered as an excellent option for ethanol production, from an agronomical and industrial point of view. At present, information regarding the best soil water tension for beginning sweet sorghum irrigation is not available; hence, this study aimed to determine the adequate soil water tension under field conditions for beginning irrigation of four cultivars of sorghum. Two experiments were conducted at Nova Porteirinha, MG, in a randomized block design with sub-subdivided plots having four replications. Each experiment comprised six treatments of soil water tension (plots)-20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 kPa-for resuming sweet sorghum irrigation, and four sweet sorghum cultivars (subplots)-BRS 508, BRS 509, BRS 511, and CMSXS647. After planting, the soil water level in the plots was elevated to field capacity (10 kPa), and then the treatments were applied. During treatment application, irrigation was resumed when the soil water tension reached the limit established in order to elevate the soil water tension to 10 kPa. The amount of water replaced during each irrigation was determined by generating a soil water retention curve for the experimental area. The following parameters were evaluated: green mass production, juice volume, soluble solids (Brix), and tons of Brix per hectare (TBH). The different soil water tensions and cultivars, agricultural year, and interaction between tension and year significantly affected (p ? 0.05) the characteristics evaluated, according to the F test. The agronomical characteristics of the evaluated cultivars showed linear relationship with water supply in the soil. According to TBH, irrigation of sweet sorghum needs to be performed when the soil tension reaches 20 kPa. The TBH values did not differ significantly among the four cultivars at the 5% significance level according to Tukey test.

scholarly journals Water balance in soil covered by regenerating rainforest in the Paraíba Valley region, São Paulo, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marcelo Dos Santos Targa ◽  
Emilson Pohl ◽  
Ana Aparecida da Silva Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Tension

The objective of this study was to evaluate the water balance in a Red-Yellow Latosol covered by a regenerating rainforest for 30 years in the Una River Basin between April 2016 and March 2017. Field capacity (FC) and permanent wilting-point values (PWP) used to calculate the available water capacity (AWC) in the soil were determined by the soil moisture characteristic curve obtained in pots, which made it possible to determine the soil residual water content (g / g) from the measurement of water tension in 15 Watermark (TM) sensors installed at depths of 40, 60 and 120 cm. Precipitation during the period (1962 mm) was obtained from the automatic weather station located 300 m from the experimental area. Soil surface runoff was obtained from 5 collectors distributed in the experimental area. Precipitation was characterized by a maximum of 454 mm in January 2017 and no rain in July 2016. The actual evapotranspiration was 744 mm. There were 56 runoff events (SR) totaling 60 mm. The average soil water tension remained below 37 kPa in 67% of the studied period, a condition that kept the soil moisture content high. The soil water balance of the tropical forest area, up to 120 cm deep, kept soil water content near its maximum capacity (173 mm) 49% of the time and saturated 51% of the time, so that it generated deep drainage beyond 120 cm deep and 1023 mm deep.

scholarly journals Within-Field Variability in Granular Matrix Sensor Data and its Implications for Irrigation Scheduling

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-449
Author(s):  
Tsz Him Lo ◽  
H C Pringle ◽  
Daran R Rudnick ◽  
Geng Bai ◽  
L Jason Krutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Granular Matrix ◽  
Water Tension ◽  
Field Variability

Highlights Within-field variability was larger for individual depths than for the profile average across multiple depths. Distributions of the profile average were approximately normal, with increasing variances as the soil was drying. Probability theory was applied to quantify the effect of sensor set number on irrigation scheduling. The benefit of additional sensors sets may decrease for longer irrigation cycles and for more heterogeneous fields. Abstract. Even when located within the same field, multiple units of the same soil moisture sensor rarely report identical values. Such within-field variability in soil moisture sensor data is caused by natural and manmade spatial heterogeneity and by inconsistencies in sensor construction and installation. To better describe this variability, daily soil water tension values from 14 to 23 sets of granular matrix sensors during the middle part of four soybean site-years in the Mississippi Delta were analyzed. The soil water tension data were found to follow approximately normal distributions, to exhibit moderately high temporal rank stability, and to show strong positive correlation between mean and variance. Based on these observations and the existing literature, a probabilistic conceptual framework was proposed for interpreting within-field variability in granular matrix sensor data. This framework was then applied to investigate the impact of sensor set number (i.e., number of replicates) and irrigation triggering threshold on the scheduling of single-day and multi-day irrigation cycles. If a producer’s primary goal of irrigation scheduling is to keep soil water adequate in a particular fraction of land on average, the potential benefit from increasing sensor set number may be smaller than traditionally expected. Improvement, expansion, and validation of this probabilistic framework are welcomed for developing a practical and robust approach to selecting the sensor set number and the irrigation triggering threshold for diverse soil moisture sensor types in diverse contexts. Keywords: Irrigation scheduling, Probability, Sensors, Soil moisture, Soil water tension, Variability, Watermark.

Citrus Carbohydrate Levels were Related to Irrigation Frequency but Not Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) Inoculum

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 498a-498
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Fidelibus ◽  
Chris A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Root Starch ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Amf Communities ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
Water Tension

Sugar and starch concentrations in leaves and roots of Citrus volkameriana Tan and Pasq were measured in response to irrigation frequency and AMF inoculum. Non-mycorrhizal seedlings were treated with a soil inoculum from one of five different communities of AMF; two AMF communities from Arizona citrus orchard soils, and three communities from undisturbed desert soils. Plants were assigned to frequent (soil water tension > –0.01 MPa) or infrequent (soil water tension > –0.06 MPa) irrigation cycles and were container-grown in a glasshouse for 4 months before tissues were analyzed. Fungal inoculum source did not affect shoot or root carbohydrate levels. Plants grown under high irrigation frequency had increased leaf and root starch levels and increased root sugar levels compared with those under low irrigation frequencies. High irrigation frequency also increased shoot mass.

scholarly journals From near-surface to root-zone soil moisture using an exponential filter: an assessment of the method based on in-situ observations and model simulations

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1323-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Albergel ◽  
C. Rüdiger ◽  
T. Pellarin ◽  
J.-C. Calvet ◽  
N. Fritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Surface Soil Moisture ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Water Index ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract. A long term data acquisition effort of profile soil moisture is under way in southwestern France at 13 automated weather stations. This ground network was developed in order to validate remote sensing and model soil moisture estimates. In this paper, both those in situ observations and a synthetic data set covering continental France are used to test a simple method to retrieve root zone soil moisture from a time series of surface soil moisture information. A recursive exponential filter equation using a time constant, T, is used to compute a soil water index. The Nash and Sutcliff coefficient is used as a criterion to optimise the T parameter for each ground station and for each model pixel of the synthetic data set. In general, the soil water indices derived from the surface soil moisture observations and simulations agree well with the reference root-zone soil moisture. Overall, the results show the potential of the exponential filter equation and of its recursive formulation to derive a soil water index from surface soil moisture estimates. This paper further investigates the correlation of the time scale parameter T with soil properties and climate conditions. While no significant relationship could be determined between T and the main soil properties (clay and sand fractions, bulk density and organic matter content), the modelled spatial variability and the observed inter-annual variability of T suggest that a weak climate effect may exist.

scholarly journals Effects of Irrigation Regimes on Yield and Water Use by Sweetpotato

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doyle A. Smittle ◽  
Melvin R. Hall ◽  
James R. Stansell
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Water Tension ◽  
Storage Root Development

Sweetpotatoes [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam cv. Georgia Jet] were grown on two soil types in drainage lysimeters under controlled soil water regimes during 1982 and 1983. Water regimes consisted of irrigating the sweetpotatoes throughout growth when soil water tension at 23 cm exceeded 25, 50, or 100 kPa or by allowing a 100-kPa water stress before root enlargement, during early root enlargement, or throughout root enlargement. Water use and marketable yields were greater when sweetpotatoes were grown on a Tifton loamy sand (fine loamy, siliceous, thermic, Plinthitic Paleudult) than when grown on a Bonifay sand (loamy, siliceous, thermic, Grossarenic, Plinthitic Paleudult). Water use, marketable yield, and yield of U.S. #1 grade roots generally decreased when soil water tensions exceeded 25 kPa before irrigation, although soil water stress of 100 kPa during storage root development did not significantly affect yield. Regression equations are provided to describe the relationships of water use to plant age and to compute daily evapotranspiration: pan evaporation ratios (crop factors) for sweetpotatoes irrigated at 25, 50, and 100 kPa of soil water tension.

scholarly journals BROMATOLOGIA DE GRAMÍNEAS TROPICAIS SOB DIFERENTES TENSÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Morgana Scaramussa Gonçalves ◽  
Wilian Rodrigues Ribeiro ◽  
Edvaldo Fialho Dos Reis ◽  
Antônio Carlos Cóser
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Water Tension

A irrigação é usada para conter os efeitos da sazonalidade de produção garantindo maior intensificação dos sistemas de produção a pasto, assim, contribuindo para o aumento da produção e do valor bromatológico das gramíneas. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o valor bromatológico de gramíneas tropicais cultivadas em condições de ambiente protegido, submetidas a diferentes tensões de água no solo. Foram realizados três experimentos com as gramíneas Mombaça, Marandu e Tifton 85, onde cada qual, foi conduzida em um esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo nas parcelas os níveis do fator tensão de água no solo (20, 40, 50, 60 e 70 kPa) e nas subparcelas níveis 1º, 2º e 3º do fator corte, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Nas tensões de água no solo de 20 (Mombaça) e 50 kPa (Marandu e Tifton 85) as gramíneas expressaram seu máximo de valor nutritivo. Os maiores teores de PB foram obtidos nas gramíneas Mombaça e Tifton 85. Para as variáveis FDN e FDA o fator tensão de água no solo não foi significativo.Palavras-chave: proteína bruta, fibra, irrigação, forrageiras. BROMATOLOGY OF TROPICAL GRASSES UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL WATER TENSIONS IN PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT ABSTRACT:The irrigation is used to contain the effects of seasonality of production, ensuring a greater intensification of pasture production systems, thus contributing to the increase of production and the bromatological value of grasses. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritive value of tropical grasses grown under protected environment conditions, subject to different soil water stresses. Three experiments, using Mombasa, Marandu and Tifton 85 grasses under a protected environment were carried out and each one was conducted in a subdivided plots scheme, with the levels of soil water tension factor (20, 40, 50, 60 and 70 kPa) and in the subplots levels 1, 2 and 3 of the cut factor, in a completely randomized design with five replicationss. At soil water stresses of 20 (Mombasa) and 50 kPa (Marandu and Tifton 85) the grasses expressed their maximum nutritive value. The highest CP levels were obtained in the Mombasa and Tifton 85 grasses. For the NDF and ADF variables, the soil water stress factor was not significant.Keywords: crude protein, fiber, irrigation, forages.

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