scholarly journals How are maps used in research? An exploratory review of PhD dissertations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Serena Coetzee ◽  
Sanet Carow ◽  
Lourens Snyman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
Scientific Knowledge Production ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Future Work

Abstract. Maps are a powerful medium for communicating research. Tools for analysing geospatial data and preparing maps are now readily available and widely used in research. Despite this, concerns are being raised over the quality of maps produced with online and desktop mapping products. As academics and supervisors of postgraduate students, we conducted an exploratory study to determine if and how these concerns apply to maps in PhD dissertations. We reviewed just over 1,000 dissertations published in 2015 and 2017 at three universities. Maps for indicating locations or study areas were used in a diverse range of topics, confirming our reliance on maps to communicate information about geographic space. Maps that communicated scientific results were prevalent in the natural sciences and in the humanities, and in these cases, the dissertations included a large number of maps. We provide a qualitative description of problems identified in the dissertations, which highlight challenges with the accurate and responsible presentation of scientific results in maps. The accumulation of minor inaccuracies on maps, especially if one result is based on another, can have serious consequences for scientific knowledge production. Future work could review maps in PhD dissertations to inform guidelines for preparing and evaluating maps to be included in dissertations.

scholarly journals Information Flow and the Quality of Scientific Knowledge Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gislene Farias de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Scientific Knowledge Production ◽  
The World

This is the first edition of Amadeus International Multidisciplinary Journal, a new open acess journal, which has the purpose to motivate and leverage the scientific production of researchers, professors and academics from various fields of knowledge. The speed of Science and circulation of information, impact the interactions that occur between the actors involved. It is through instruments like this, that new changes tend to happen. The purpose is to facilitate people's lives by improving their understanding of the world as well as elucidating issues before obscure.

Is the flow of water over a crayfish in a river the same as the flow of air over a Formula One car; opportunities and challenges of outreach and engagement in the geosciences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Ockelford
Keyword(s):  
Academic Career ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Formula One ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
The Impact

<p>As geoscientists we are used to being inspired by and seeing the physical and scientific value of the landscapes surrounding us. We are also used to questioning why and how landscapes evolve and as well as trying to unravel the complex interactions between the human and physical landscapes.  However, typically scientific results remain within the scientific community and there is relatively little engagement beyond that community particularly with underrepresented or hard-to-reach audiences.    </p><p>From making slime glaciers to discussing whether or not the flow of water over a crayfish in a river is the same as the flow of air over a Formula One car, running geoscience themed outreach and engagement events have provided me with some of the most exciting and rewarding times of my academic career.  In this lecture I will share some of the passion I have for ensuring academic research is shared, is accessible and is inspiring for everyone, not just scientists.  Using examples of how I have engaged with a diverse range of non-academic audiences from school children to governmental policy makers I will talk through the challenges and opportunities these engagement experiences have presented.</p><p>Looking to the future I will discuss the potential opportunities the geoscience community has for overcoming current barriers to engagement, the significance of training undergraduate and postgraduate students in delivering engagement activities and the importance of engaging citizens with scientists in order to understand and help mitigate against the impact humans are having on our fragile planet.</p>

Quality of Governance at the Communal Level in Poland: an Exploratory Study of the Worst Performer Case From the Opolskie Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-55
Author(s):  
Bartosz Czepil
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Case Method ◽  
Major Conclusion ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Governance Quality

The objective of this paper is an attempt to explain the determinants of the lowest governance quality level in one of the communes of the Opolskie Province, Poland. The first stage of the research consisted in developing a commune-level governance quality index in order to measure the quality of governance in the 60 communes of the Opolskie Province. Subsequently, the commune with the lowest score in the index was qualified for the second stage of the research which was based on the extreme case method. The major conclusion from the research is that the commune leader's governance style which allowed him to hold on to power for many terms of office was responsible for generating low governance quality. Furthermore, the low quality of governance was not only the effect of the governance style but also the strategy aimed at remaining in the commune leader office for many terms.

Measuring Service Quality in The Context of Higher Education in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Yen Nguyen Thi Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Education Service ◽  
The Subject

This paper focuses on the understanding of service quality in the context of Vietnamese universities. It proposes an approach for measuring the quality of the higher education service provided by universities in Vietnam. Firstly, an exploratory study was conducted. Then, the set of items which were generated became the subject of a questionnaire that was then administered to 675 students of a Vietnamese university to determine the dimensions of higher education service quality in this context. The obtained results permit us to appropriate a measurement scale which is slightly different from the SERVQUAL scale widely known as the standard for measuring service quality. The results also show that tangible elements, responsiveness and assurance seem to be three specific dimensions of the higher education service of Vietnamese universities.

Active Coeliac: Disassembling Gluten and Coeliac Disease

Somatechnics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 188-205
Author(s):  
Sofia Varino
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Biomedical Knowledge ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Object A ◽  
Scientific Knowledge Production ◽  
New Materialisms

This article follows the trajectories of gluten in the context of Coeliac disease as a gastrointestinal condition managed by lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet. Oriented by the concept of gluten as an actant (Latour), I engage in an analysis of gluten as a participant in volatile relations of consumption, contact, and contamination across coeliac eating. I ask questions about biomedical knowledge production in the context of everyday dietary practices alongside two current scientific research projects developing gluten-degrading enzymes and gluten-free wheat crops. Following the new materialisms of theorists like Elizabeth A. Wilson, Jane Bennett, Donna Haraway and Bruno Latour, I approach gluten as an alloy, an impure object, a hybrid assemblage with self-organizing and disorganizing capacity, not entirely peptide chain nor food additive, not only allergen but also the chewy, sticky substance that gives pizza dough its elastic, malleable consistency. Tracing the trajectories of gluten, this article is a case study of the tricky, slippery capacity of matter to participate in processes of scientific knowledge production.

Data science in economics: comprehensive review of advanced machine learning and deep learning methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Nosratabadi ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
Puhong Duan ◽  
Pedram Ghamisi ◽  
Ferdinand Filip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Data Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Hybrid Machine ◽  
Economics Research

This paper provides a state-of-the-art investigation of advances in data science in emerging economic applications. The analysis was performed on novel data science methods in four individual classes of deep learning models, hybrid deep learning models, hybrid machine learning, and ensemble models. Application domains include a wide and diverse range of economics research from the stock market, marketing, and e-commerce to corporate banking and cryptocurrency. Prisma method, a systematic literature review methodology, was used to ensure the quality of the survey. The findings reveal that the trends follow the advancement of hybrid models, which, based on the accuracy metric, outperform other learning algorithms. It is further expected that the trends will converge toward the advancements of sophisticated hybrid deep learning models.

scholarly journals Pain Assessment: Benefits of Using Pain Scales for Surgical Patients in South Bohemian Hospitals

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Vera Olisarova ◽  
Valerie Tothova ◽  
Martin Cerveny ◽  
Vendula Dvorakova ◽  
Petr Sadilek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
The South ◽  
Pain Scales ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
Attention To Pain

Pain is a medical and nursing problem that is common in surgical departments. Inadequate pain management can lead to patient distress, as well as extending the period in which the patient’s quality of life is reduced. The standardized SF-MPQ-2 questionnaire provides nurses with the opportunity to assess pain within a broader context. The aim of this descriptive and exploratory study was to describe the state of pain assessment in surgical patients in the South Bohemian Region and to highlight the benefits of using a standardized tool for proper pain assessment. The research was carried out using a quantitative survey within the South Bohemian Region (Czech Republic). The participants in the study were nurses working in surgical departments in hospitals in the region as well as hospitalized patients. The results show that nurses pay slightly more attention to pain assessments than doctors. We know that, generally, pain decreases with time after surgery. Nonetheless, returning pain, as well as continuous pain, can occur, both of which have an emotional component. The results of this study are directed at nurses and include a call for more effective pain management through improved assessment.

More accurate less meaningful? A critical physical geographer’s reflection on interpreting remote sensing land-use analyses

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913332199181
Author(s):  
Andreas Christian Braun
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Normative Considerations

Land-use and land-cover analyses based on satellite image classification are used in most, if not all, sub-disciplines of physical geography. Data availability and increasingly simple image classification techniques – nowadays, even implemented in simple geographic information systems – increase the use of such analyses. To assess the quality of such land-use analyses, accuracy metrics are applied. The results are considered to have sufficient quality, exceeding thresholds published in the literature. A typical practice in many studies is to confuse accuracy in remote sensing with quality, as required by physical geography. However, notions such as quality are subject to normative considerations and performative practices, which differ between scientific domains. Recent calls for critical physical geography have stressed that scientific results cannot be understood separately from the values and practices underlying them. This article critically discusses the specific understanding of quality in remote sensing, outlining norms and practices shaping it and their relation to physical geography. It points out that, as a seeming paradox, results considered more accurate in remote sensing terms can be less informative – or meaningful – in geographical terms. Finally, a roadmap of how to apply remote sensing land-use analyses more constructively in physical geography is proposed.

scholarly journals Need to Intervene: An Exploratory Study of Nurses’ Experiences With Patienthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352199884
Author(s):  
Marian A O Cohen ◽  
Jim McQuaid ◽  
Ruth Remington
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Coordination Of Care ◽  
Professional Perspective

Much has been written about the patient experience, but there is little information about experiences of providers as patients. Since lay patients and providers have differing perspectives and expectations, it is important to identify those elements shared by those in each group and those that diverge. This study identified experiences of nurses as being a patient or a family caregiver of a patient as well as identified assessments of the healthcare system by nurses. An exploratory study using a self-administered electronic questionnaire with a group of registered nurses was conducted. Assessments of the system by responders were positive when addressing quality of care, interactions among healthcare personnel, and interactions with patients. However, when discussing their experiences as patient, nurses reported they encountered problems with coordination of care, responses of medical personnel, attention to details of care, and responses to their attempts to become more involved. Results confirm issues raised by patients who are not medical experts in patient satisfaction studies. Adding a professional perspective highlights where problems with the healthcare system lie.

scholarly journals Understanding contributors to quality of care in long-term care and changes under COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 960-960
Author(s):  
Sara Luck ◽  
Katie Aubrecht
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Nursing home facilities are responsible for providing care for some of the most vulnerable groups in society, including the elderly and those with chronic medical conditions. In times of crisis, such as COVID-19 or other pandemics, the delivery of ‘regular’ care can be significantly impacted. In relation to COVID-19, there is an insufficient supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) to care for residents, as PPE not only protects care staff but also residents. Nursing homes across the United States and Canada have also taken protective measures to maximize the safety of residents by banning visitors, stopping all group activities, and increasing infection control measures. This presentation shares a research protocol and early findings from a study investigating the impact of COVID-19 on quality of care in residential long-term care (LTC) in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. This study used a qualitative description design to explore what contributes to quality of care for residents living in long-term care, and how this could change in times of crisis from the perspective of long-term care staff. Interviews were conducted with a broad range of staff at one LTC home. A semi-structured interview guide and approach to thematic analysis was framed by a social ecological perspective, making it possible to include the individual and proximal social influences as well as community, organizations, and policy influencers. Insights gained will improve the understanding of quality of care, as well as potential barriers and facilitators to care during times of crisis.

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