scholarly journals New approaches to communicating and educating through the use of historical maps

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Milena Bertacchini ◽  
Laura M. Turchi
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Research Study ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The Coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the difficulties that sometimes accompany the consultation of historical cartographic repertoires. At the same time, it has brought to the forefront the relationship between digital content and cultural fruition. The project here presented has launched the digitalization of historical maps dated between the 16th and 17th centuries and selected by the collection of the Este Maps of the Military Series preserved at the State Archive of Modena and the Modena and Reggio Emilia University's Gemma Museum. Every digitized map is supported by a descriptive caption detailing its cartographic characteristics and historical context. The project intends to promote research, study and fruition, using new technologies for more effective and dynamic science communication and education, both triggering activities with high schools related to thematic studies or work experience, and creating a virtual exhibition to overcome any structural, cultural and health barriers in order to involve users in an experience of discovery, knowledge and individual learning.

Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and His Relationship with the Army in France

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5 (103)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Alexander Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Charles De Gaulle ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
Military Development ◽  
The Military ◽  
Commander In Chief ◽  
The Relationship

One of the aspects of the activities of France’ President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing is considered — his relationship with the army in a comparative historical context, namely: the context of the relationship between civilian power and the military. The French specificity of these relations, which developed with the coming to power of General Charles de Gaulle in 1958, is shown. The peculiarities of the formed mechanism of military decision-making in France, which resulted from the concentration of powers and legitimacy by the President — Commander-in-chief of the armed forces, are highlighted. The analysis of the reasons for the urgent issues in the army by the beginning of the presidential term of V. Giscard d'Estaing is carried out; the President's measures to strengthen this key republican institution were assessed. Attention is paid to the attempts of V. Giscard d'Estaing to adapt the French policy of nuclear deterrence to the evolution of the geopolitical situation during his time in power, which did not always meet with support in the military environment and in civil society. Two episodes (in Chad and Zaire) were singled out as examples of France's external military operations (OPEX) on the African continent under V. Giscard d'Estaing, where his role as Commander-in-chief was most clearly manifested. The underestimated role of V. Giscard d'Estaing as head of State was noted, including in strengthening the country's defence potential and in creating conditions for the further advancement of military development.

Military Expenditures and Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paul Dunne ◽  
Nan Tian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Military Spending ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The literature on military spending and growth has become extremely large and diverse and has reached no clear consensus. This lack of consensus should not be unexpected, because there are a number of issues that make the empirical analysis of the relationship difficult to undertake and make it difficult to identify the particular impact of military spending on growth. Some of these issues have had relatively little attention in the literature. The historical context can affect the military spending and growth relation, so there is no reason not to expect different results for different periods. There are various theoretical perspectives that can be used in any analysis and numerous channels through which military spending can affect growth, which means that studies can differ in how they specify the models. In estimating models, a range of econometric techniques have been used, which can affect the results. There also remain issues of identification that present problems for empirical analysis. The observed correlation between output and military expenditure is likely to be negative if the system is driven by strategic shocks and positive if it is driven by economic shocks. Improved military spending data and the existence of some shocks, such as the end of the Cold War, is helping in dealing with identification, but it still remains a concern. Overall, more recent studies show that, in general, it is much more likely that military spending has a negative effect on economic growth than was evident in the past. The issues involved in undertaking any empirical analysis on military spending and growth mean that the debate is likely to continue.

History of the Formation of the Institute of Copyright

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-175
Author(s):  
M.M. Karelina ◽  
◽  
N.V. Buzova
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Frequent Change ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. The history of copyright is closely linked to changes in society and the development of social relations in it. A paradigm shift in society leads to a change in attitudes to creative work and its results. The identification of common historical patterns allows us not only to better under¬stand the problems arising in copyright, but also to determine the trends of further development. Materials and Methods. The article analyzes foreign and Russian legislation on copyright in its historical context, starting from the Censorship Statute of 1828, the Copyright Law of 1911 and ending with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. We also consider the works of well-known Russian legal researchers and foreign thinkers devoted to copyright and creative activity of the author. Results. Despite the fact that it is generally assumed that copyright belongs to civil law institutions, in certain historical periods, the relationship between the author and users, as well as society as a whole, has public legal aspects. The most frequent change in public-law and private-law approaches is observed in Russian copyright, which is due to political and economic changes that have taken place in the state. Discussion and Conclusion. Currently, society is facing another paradigm shift. The emergence of new technologies has given impetus not only to the use of copyright objects, including in infor¬mation and telecommunications networks, but also for the transformation of interaction between the author, the user and the state in connection with the extraction of a positive effect from the use of creative results. It seems that the active introduction of new technologies, for example, artificial intelligence, should not lead to the dominant influence of the state on copyright relations and overregulation of copyright.

scholarly journals Intellectual Leadership of Researchers in Higher Education: Relationship Between the Demographic Factors and Roles (Lithuanian Context)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Žydžiūnaitė
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Academic Duty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intellectual Leadership

Abstract The intellectual leadership of educators or teachers represents a topic of a great interest for educational research and practice. Variety of variables or factors have been examined to find the most complete explanations for teachers’, professors’ and educators’ roles, for example, institutional, financial, gender, organizational, spiritual, and intellectual. No literature was found on the relationship between the demographic variables and researchers’ roles in higher education regarding intellectual leadership. But a lot of studies are focused on the relationship between demographic and other factors in education: job satisfaction, organizational justice, religion, gender, culture, personal and professional roles, stress, mental health, and mobility. The research issue in this study is related to researchers’/scientists’ work in higher education schools and is focused on intellectual leadership, which consists of different roles. It is worth to think about researchers as intellectual leaders and to discover how they recognize or identify their roles in higher education. In this study, findings answer the following research question: “What are the relationships between researchers’ roles and their gender, work experience, dissertation defence date, and research field?” The object of the research study is the researchers’ roles in higher education. The aim of the study was to reveal the relationship between demographic factors and researchers’ roles in higher education. Data were collected by performing a questioning survey and using a validated questionnaire with 116 statements in total. The sample consisted of 304 researchers working in higher education institutions. For data analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, Mean and ANOVA calculations were used. The research findings reported that the female-researchers’ evaluations were higher in all cases regarding their roles in higher education schools. The results of the study highlighted that the male-researchers were devoted to the roles of academic citizens and mentors, while they did not refer the interest for academic freedom and the role of a knowledge producer. Findings revealed that the role of an academic citizen is perceived equally to other roles, despite the fact that researchers work in different research fields. In this research study, the highest estimates were given to the roles by the researchers representing medical sciences. Results showed that the lowest estimates for the diverse roles in higher education were provided by the researchers from engineering sciences. A correlation analysis between distinguished minor roles descriptions revealed that the participation of scientists in society debates and public policy correlates with all the remaining roles of scientists very weakly or weakly. The strongest correlation with all roles refers to academic duty, critic, personal development, and acting in one research field. In conclusion, intellectual leadership is the scope of challenging processes regarding developing, designing, creating, defining, ensuring, critiquing, teaching, instructing, researching, mentoring, enabling questioning, generating, envisioning, advocating, encouraging, re-imagining, managing, representing, counseling, achieving, evaluating, acting, and providing. The general components here refer to ideas, values, understandings, solutions, beliefs, visions, knowledge, approaches, purposes, and actions. By concluding the study, it is worth to accentuate that the demographic factors that are meaningful in studying the researchers’ roles within the intellectual leadership in higher education are the following - gender and research areas. The work experience in higher education and the year of Ph.D. defence are not the factors, which are meaningfully related to the role performance, academic duty and academic freedom of the researcher as an intellectual leader in higher education.

A Case Study of Brazilian Popular Music and Censorship

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Lima Nicodemo
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Culture Industry ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Musical Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This article examines the censorship of popular music in Brazil by focusing on the experience of songwriter Ivan Lins during the country’s military dictatorship. Since the late 1970s, Lins was included in the government list of “suspects” of the musical scene; his songs were often censored and his performances placed under surveillance. Before analyzing Lins’s musical production, its meanings, and its relationship with the regime’s repression forces, the article first discusses the historical context of the years preceding the coup that paved the way for the military dictatorship. It then considers Lins’s use of imagery in his songs to prove his stand. It shows that Lins’s songs reveal the range of conflicts and ambiguities that characterize the relationship between music, politics, and the culture industry in Brazil.

Obligation in Exile

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Zvi Baron
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Identity ◽  
Military Occupation ◽  
Jewish Heritage ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

Questions arose about what it meant to support a country whose political future the author has no say in as a Diaspora Jew. The questions became all the more pronounced the more I learned about Israel’s history. Many Jews feel the same way, and often are uncomfortable with what such an obligation can mean, in no small part because of concerns over being identified with Israel because of one’s Jewish heritage or because of the overwhelming significance that Israel has come to have for Jewish identity. Israel’s significance is matched by how much is published about Israel. Increasingly, this literature is not only about trying to explain Israel’s wars, the military occupation or other parts of its history, but about the relationship between Diaspora1 Jewry and Israel.

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Simone
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Existential Perspective

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world: A Heideggerian Study explores Woolf’s treatment of the relationship between self and world from a phenomenological-existential perspective. This study presents a timely and compelling interpretation of Virginia Woolf’s textual treatment of the relationship between self and world from the perspective of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. Drawing on Woolf’s novels, essays, reviews, letters, diary entries, short stories, and memoirs, the book explores the political and the ontological, as the individual’s connection to the world comes to be defined by an involvement and engagement that is always already situated within a particular physical, societal, and historical context. Emma Simone argues that at the heart of what it means to be an individual making his or her way in the world, the perspectives of Woolf and Heidegger are founded upon certain shared concerns, including the sustained critique of Cartesian dualism, particularly the resultant binary oppositions of subject and object, and self and Other; the understanding that the individual is a temporal being; an emphasis upon intersubjective relations insofar as Being-in-the-world is defined by Being-with-Others; and a consistent emphasis upon average everydayness as both determinative and representative of the individual’s relationship to and with the world.

Assassination of a Saint

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Eisenbrandt ◽  
Benjamín Cuéllar
Keyword(s):  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Death Squad ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
Military Commanders ◽  
Witness Interviews ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Voice

In 1980, a death squad linked to business tycoons and military commanders murdered Archbishop Oscar Romero for denouncing widespread repression and poverty in El Salvador. Romero was known as the “voice of the voiceless,” and his criticism of the oligarchs who dominated the economy and the Security Forces that tortured and murdered civilians made Romero a military target. Two decades after his assassination, the Center for Justice & Accountability (CJA) found one of the conspirators, Álvaro Saravia, living in California and launched a wide-ranging investigation into the death squad and its financiers. This book chronicles the life and death of the Catholic martyr, examining his actions and situating his years as archbishop in the broader context of the Salvadoran clergy’s embrace of Liberation Theology. It also analyzes, through excerpts from witness interviews and trial testimony, the mindset of the death squad members, their leader Roberto D’Aubuisson, and their wealthy backers, that propelled them to want Romero dead. The U.S. government played an important and contradictory role in developing the death squads and funding the military from which they sprang while also investigating their crimes and seeking to keep them in check. Within this complicated historical context, the book provides a first-hand account of the investigation and U.S. legal case that led to the only court verdict ever reached for Archbishop Romero’s murder.

UPAYA PEDAGANG PELATARAN DI PASAR SETONO BETEK KEDIRI DALAM MENGAKSES MODAL UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN USAHANYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dhiyan Septa Wihara ◽  
Poniran Yudho Leksono
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Family Burden ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Key Words Age ◽  
Capital Access ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This study aims to 1) Describe the characteristics of the merchants of the market in the setono betek kediri which includes age, education level, family burden and work experience dependent on the access of capital to develop their business, 2) to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the merchant of the market in the setono betek kediri towards their capital access to develop their business .The population in this study were vegetables and food street vendors, amounting to 120 traders. The number of samples used was 55 respondents with sampling technique using Slovin formula. The analysis used is Chi Square is to see the relationship between traders characteristics with access to their capital in developing their business. The results showed that the age of traders has a relationship to access capital, this is evidenced by the value of perason chi square 0.000 &lt;0.05. The level of education of traders is also associated with capital kases with pearson chi square value 0.001 &lt;0.05. The number of dependents of family burden is related to access to capital with pearson chi square value 0.001 &lt;0.05. The work experience of traders is related to their capital access in developing the business with pearson chi square value 0.005 &lt;0.05.</p><p><br />Key words : Age, education level, family burden, work experience, street vendors</p>

Imagery and Metaphorical Space of the Term in the Language of Scientific Texts by V. Vinogradov

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
N. V. Khalikovа
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Scientific Thinking ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Basic Term ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the functions of the system of verbal imagery’s in the creation of the scientific style of V.V. Vinogradov. The figurativeness of basic, background and metaphorical terms is described. The semantic structure of the image of the basic term «style» is analyzed, figurative paradigms of the concepts Language, Speech and Style are revealed. The article shows the relationship between scientific thinking and metaphorical style, the role of sustainable cognitive metaphors in the creation, storage and transfer of pragmatic information and the creation of a cultural and historical context.

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