scholarly journals THE “<i>GABINETTO</i> OF GILDED STUCCO” IN THE ROYAL PALACE OF PORTICI, NAPLES (ITALY): SURVEY AND DIAGNOSIS FOR CONSERVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 427-434
Author(s):  
D. Treccozzi ◽  
A. Pane ◽  
A. Sansonetti ◽  
R. Catuogno
Keyword(s):  
Material Characterization ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Academic Department ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Royal Palace ◽  
Original Technique ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. During the 18th century architecture in Naples reached an extremely balanced synthesis between architectural spatiality and decorative apparatuses representing the most successful example of local inventiveness over history. Quite an impressive case dating back to that period is represented by the “Gabinetto of gilded stucco” in the Royal Palace in Portici. Located in the area of the palace known as Caramanico – from the name of the owner of the pre-existing building incorporated in the palace – the stucco was molded between 1752 and 1753 by the two stucco workers Angelo la Sala and Gennaro Bruscino, who also decorated the “Salotto di Porcellana” in Chinese style. Today the room, used as an academic department, is affected by quite a serious stucco decay majorly due to negligence and humidity and consisting in efflorescence, powdering and bursting, worsened by the corrosion of metal fixings. However, the present-day state of conservation of these stuccoworks represents a unique opportunity to carefully observe the original technique used to make such artworks at that time. Therefore by means of advanced surveying instruments and multi-analytical material characterization together with archival documents, the present research – set up in collaboration between University of Naples, Politecnico di Milano and CNR – aims at elaborating a thorough knowledge of an emblematic case of 18th century Neapolitan stucco with a view to its future conservation.

Отцейхгаузадомузеяизисториивоенно-историческогомузеяартиллерии,инженерныхвойскивойсксвязи

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-197
Author(s):  
V.E. . Sergei
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Military History ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
General Field ◽  
Signal Corps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Military Engineering ◽  
The Military

The article is dedicated to the history of the Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Corps. The author examines the main stages of the museums formation, starting with the foundation of the Arsenal, established in St. Petersburg at the orders of Peter the Great on August 29th 1703 for the safekeeping and preservation of memory, for eternal glory of unique arms and military trophies. In 1756, on the base of the Arsenals collection, the General Inspector of Artillery Count P.I. created the Memorial Hall, set up at the Arsenal, on St. Petersburgs Liteyny Avenue. By the end of the 18th century the collection included over 6,000 exhibits. In 1868 the Memorial Hall was transferred to the New Arsenal, at the Crownwork of the Petropavlovsky Fortress, and renamed the Artillery Museum (since 1903 the Artillery Historical Museum). A large part of the credit for the development and popularization of the collection must be given to the historian N.E. Brandenburg, the man rightly considered the founder of Russias military museums, who was the chief curator from 1872 to 1903. During the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars a significant part of the museums holdings were evacuated to Yaroslavl and Novosibirsk. Thanks to the undying devotion of the museums staff, it not only survived, but increased its collection. In the 1960s over 100,000 exhibits were transferred from the holdings of the Central Historical Museum of Military Engineering and the Military Signal Corps Museum. In 1991 the collection also received the entire Museum of General Field Marshal M.I. Kutuzov, transferred from the Polish town of Bolesawjec. The Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Coprs is now one of the largest museums of military history in the world. It holds an invaluable collection of artillery and ammunition, of firearms and cold steel arms, military engineering and signal technology, military banners, uniforms, a rich collection of paintings and graphic works, orders and medals, as well as extensive archives, all dedicated to the history of Russian artillery and the feats of our nations defenders.Статья посвящена истории создания ВоенноИсторического музея артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи. Автор рассматривает основные этапы становления музея, начиная с основания Арсенала, созданного в СанктПетербурге по приказу Петра I 29 августа 1703 года для хранения и сохранения памяти, во имя вечной славы уникального оружия и военных трофеев. В 1756 году на базе коллекции Арсенала генеральный инспектор артиллерии граф П. И. создал мемориальный зал, установленный при Арсенале, на Литейном проспекте СанктПетербурга. К концу 18 века коллекция насчитывала более 6000 экспонатов. В 1868 году Мемориальный зал был перенесен в Новый Арсенал, на венец Петропавловской крепости, и переименован в Артиллерийский музей (с 1903 года Артиллерийский Исторический музей). Большая заслуга в развитии и популяризации коллекции принадлежит историку Н.Е. Бранденбургу, человеку, по праву считавшемуся основателем российских военных музеев, который был главным хранителем с 1872 по 1903 год. В годы Гражданской и Великой Отечественной войн значительная часть фондов музея была эвакуирована в Ярославль и Новосибирск. Благодаря неусыпной преданности сотрудников музея, он не только сохранился, но и пополнил свою коллекцию. В 1960х годах более 100 000 экспонатов были переданы из фондов Центрального исторического военноинженерного музея и Музея войск связи. В 1991 году коллекцию также получил весь музей генералфельдмаршала М. И. Кутузова, переданный из польского города Болеславец. Военноисторический музей артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи в настоящее время является одним из крупнейших музеев военной истории в мире. Здесь хранится бесценная коллекция артиллерии и боеприпасов, огнестрельного и холодного оружия, военной техники и сигнальной техники, военных знамен, обмундирования, богатая коллекция живописных и графических работ, орденов и медалей, а также обширные архивы, посвященные истории русской артиллерии и подвигам защитников нашего народа.

Design of an AC Conductivity Measurement Setup for Sensor Materials Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nisha Rajappan ◽  
K.N. Madhusoodanan
Keyword(s):  
Material Characterization ◽  
Ac Conductivity ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Sensor Material ◽  
Semiconductor Gas Sensor ◽  
Sensor Materials ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Sensing Characteristics ◽  
Conductivity Cell

AC conductivity measurement can be an effective method for the study of sensor material characteristics for gas sensing. The authors have designed and fabricated a sensitive set up for sensor material characterization using ac conductivity measurement. The set up fabricated is employed for bulk samples. AC conductivity cell with cold fingertip that can facilitate measurement in the range 80 K to 500 K has been fabricated. The necessary vacuum lines and gas feed throughs are provided in order to study the gas sensing characteristics of semiconductor gas sensor materials. A programmable PID temperature controller and the necessary signal conditioning circuits are designed and incorporated into the system. AC conductivity measurement is carried out using Fluke PM 6306 impedance analyzer.

Women and Commercial Sex in the Viceroyalty of New Spain

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole von Germeten
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
New Spain ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Independence Era ◽  
The 19Th Century

Female occupational and economic choices help clarify understandings of colonial historic agency, especially in the lives of Mexican women who made their income as alcahuetas or “bawds.” These women hosted and managed other women in the marketing and selling of sex acts in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Viceregal bawds manipulated both the sex lives of their clients and the paternalism of crown justice in hopes of exoneration in court. They walked a precarious legal tightrope, negotiating the fluctuating margins of legal procuring and the transition to more stringent laws against sex for sale. The examples presented here, drawn from contemporary archival documents, show that these women’s lives span most of New Spain’s history, ranging from 1570 to the independence era in the early 19th century. In the 16th century, bawdry resembled the clandestine personal mediation that was common and familiar in medieval and early modern Spain. Bawds working in the 1st century of Spanish rule in Mexico carefully defended their social respectability to contradict evidence that they solicited for clients in the street. Reputable hospitality featured prominently in the early 17th-century procuring, while indigenous-influenced sorcery and love magic dominated the understanding of 17th- and early 18th-century alcahuetas. Lastly, in the 19th century, profitable market exchange characterized professional brothel operations, granting bawds honorable status within their economic and occupational community. Bawds recorded in the archives demonstrate communication skills, entrepreneurialism, and a concern for reputation through all of these eras. These intelligent female survivors offer compelling representations of viceregal women who exercised their personal agency to forge their own economic prosperity.

Stone decay in 18th century monuments due to iron corrosion. The Royal Palace, Madrid (Spain)

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fort González ◽  
M. Alvarez de Buergo ◽  
F. Mingarro Martı́n ◽  
M.C. López de Azcona
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Stone Decay ◽  
Iron Corrosion ◽  
Royal Palace

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF MANIPURI DANCE IN THE ROYAL COURT OF TRIPURA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-367
Author(s):  
Sudeshna Singha
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Royal Palace ◽  
Classical Dance ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
Indian Classical Dance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Manipuri people are a small group of Tripura. During the time of the Maharaja’s these people’s song and music attained a very special status. Firstly, it was royal palace centered, secondly, in various places of Tripura in the Manipuri dominant areas and in their temples, mandaps or at various festivals. According to many writers it can be said clearly like a mirror the Manipuri culture touched Tripura during the tenure of Rajdhar Manikya from 1785 – 1804. And at that very same time the tenure of Manipuri king Bhagyachandra is 1759 – 61 and 1763 – 1798. The Manipuri Raas established by him later on achieved the status of Indian classical dance. In later times, Manipuri culture started influencing the royal palace right after Harisheshwari became the queen of Tripura. In that time’s Agartala that means in Old Agartala, near to the royal palace for the first time Radhamadhab temple was established. The name of the Manipuri dominant areas in this Old Agartala is Nalgaria. This is where Maharani Tulsibati took birth. According to the writer Udainarayan Adhikari – “The Manipuri’s who came to Tripura with Princes Harisheshwari of Manipur at the fag end of the 18th century as a result of her wedding with Rajdhar Manikya II of Tripura, were settled in a village near capital old Agartala. This village now goes by the name of Mekhlipara, because Mekhli was the Tripura name for Manipur in the days of yore. There is a small township called Ranir Bazar a few kilometres east of Old Agartala or Khayerpur. It was founded by the Manipuri queen Maharani Tulsibati. Her parents lived at Nalgadiya a little east of Ranirbazar. So she founded this bazaar or township in order to develop this area. The name Ranirbaazar reminds us that it was founded by a Rani (Maharani Tulsibati).

scholarly journals Review of the problem of transforming the name of Mezhybizh town in the light of new archival sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 189-205
Author(s):  
Ruslan Nahnybida ◽  
Ivan Saranchuk
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Written Information ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Town

It is noted in the article that the first written information about Podillya towns in Polish sources dates back to the end of the 14th - first half of the 15th century, and in the ancient Old Rus` chronicles there are mentions only of some towns, among which there is Mezhybizh town, located between rivers Pivdennyi Buh and Buzhok. It is stated that the location determined its name. However, it is established that the name Medzhybizh, which has survived to the present day, is fixed in the documents of the late Middle Ages. On the basis of the discovered materials, which are iconographic materials and archival documents of the Sieniawski family, an attempt was made to trace the transformation of the name of the town from the 12th to the 18th century. It is claimed that this name could have been established thanks to beekeeping. It is known that the production and sale of honey and wax played an important role in the economic and financial life of many cities, including Medzhybizh. During the analysis of archival sources, it was established that the document on construction and repair works in the Medzhybizh key for 1727 it is stated that in Nova Syniava a new winter house for beehives was built, which did not exist before, and peasants no longer spent much time and they didn`t drove apiaries to Medzhybozh in the autumn and back to Nova Syniava in the spring. The same clay stebniks were built in Khodkivtsi and Kopystyn, 30 km from Medzhybizh. However, for 10 years in the description of Novosinyavsky court in 1738, the stebnyk on two pillars is marked as old. Only in the document for 1759–1760 was the treasure stebnyk of Medzhybizh first mentioned, in which magnate apiaries were probably kept in winter. We assume that it could be located under the magnate's chambers and rooms in the south-eastern part of the castle of Medzhibizh or near the castle at the court of the Czartoryski, which was surrounded by a moat and an oak fence. Although such an assumption requires thorough research. Also on the map of the geometer Anthony Endrzejowski in 1772 in the explication we find mentions of three large apiaries, which were located near Medzhybizh, on the outskirts of the village Markivtsi. Key words: Medzhybizh, Sieniawski, Czartoryski, stebnyk (a building designed for wintering bees), honey.

scholarly journals Unknown pages from Maria Kantakuzino’s biography

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Victor Tvircun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Biographical Data ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Russian Empire

Thе present publication is the first in historiography to highlight the unknown pages from the biography of Maria Andreevna Kantakuzino, wife of Foma (Toma) Kantakuzino, Major General of the Russian Army, an associate of Peter the Great. The research is based on documents discovered by the author in the State archives of the Russian Federation. The hallmark of this article is the fact, that the biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino are disclosed in the context of the political events of the 1st quarter of the 18th century, as well as her personal ties and correspondence with statesmen of the Russian Empire, the author reflects the issue of the financial situation of the countess in Russia. At the same time, the publication sheds light on the previously unknown biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino – the time and conditions of her arrival in Russia, the place of residence, as well as the date of her death. This publication, on the basis of archival documents discovered and introduced into scientific circulation, makes it possible to show the property status and possessions of the Cantacuzino family in Russia in the first half of the 18th century, as well as their fate after the death of the owners.

scholarly journals Daži agrāk aktuāli akadēmiskās dzīves aspekti: venia legendi un privātdocenta statuss pasaulē un Rīgas Politehnikumā (1862–1896)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 9-29
Author(s):  
Māris Baltiņš
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Pētījumā aplūkots privātdocenta statuss, kas pasaulē tika ieviests 18. gadsimtā un, sākot no 19. gadsimta otrās puses līdz Otrā pasaules kara beigām, pastāvēja arī Latvijā. Privātdocenta statuss salīdzināts ar citu pasaules valstu, galvenokārt vācu tipa universitātēm. Jēdzienu «venia legendi» un «privātdocents» skaidrojumi ar piemēriem no Rīgas Politehnikuma (RP) mācībspēku darbības atspoguļo šos jēdzienus no dažādiem aspektiem, lai 21. gadsimtā būtu saprotams to lietojums iepriekšējos gadsimtos. Autors pētījumam izmantojis arhīvu dokumentus un bibliotēku krājumus, balstoties ne tikai Latvijas, bet arī Krievijas, Vācijas un citu valstu zinātnieku atziņās. The study examines the status of a private docent, the academic position which was introduced across the world in the 18th century and which also existed in Latvia from the second half of the 19th century until the end of World War II. The status of the private docent as it used to be understood in Latvia is compared with other countries, mainly considering German-type universities. Definition of the terms «venia legendi» and «private docent» providing examples of academic activity of the lecturers of Riga Polytechnicum (RP) allow considering these concepts from various perspectives in order to make their meaning and usage in the previous centuries transparent for the users in the 21st century. Conducting the present research, the author has used archival documents and library collections, the theoretical framework includes the findings of not only the Latvian scientists, but also researchers from Russia, Germany and other countries.

Secularism: A Very Short Introduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Copson
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Religious Discrimination ◽  
Religious Schools ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Religious Persecution ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Freedom Of Belief ◽  
Set Up

Until the modern period, the integration of church and state had been taken for granted. But from the 18th century onwards, some European states began to set up their political order on a different basis. The rule of law through non-religious values embedded in constitutions became the foundation of some states—a movement we now call secularism. Secularism: A Very Short Introduction tells the story of secularism and considers the role of secularism when engaging with some of the most contentious political and legal issues of our time: ‘blasphemy’, ‘apostasy’, religious persecution, religious discrimination, religious schools, and freedom of belief and freedom of thought in a divided world.

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