scholarly journals Early heat waves over Italy and their impacts on durum wheat yields

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1631-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fontana ◽  
A. Toreti ◽  
A. Ceglar ◽  
G. De Sanctis
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Arable Crop ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concurrent Events

Abstract. In the last decades the Euro-Mediterranean region has experienced an increase in extreme temperature events such as heat waves. These extreme weather conditions can strongly affect arable crop growth and final yields. Here, early heat waves over Italy from 1995 to 2013 are identified and characterised and their impact on durum wheat yields is investigated. As expected, results confirm the impact of the 2003 heat wave and highlight a high percentage of concurrence of early heat waves and significant negative yield anomalies in 13 out of 39 durum wheat production areas. In south-eastern Italy (the most important area for durum wheat production), the percentage of concurrent events exceeds 80 %.

scholarly journals Early heat waves over Italy and their impacts on durum wheat yields

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 2953-2973 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fontana ◽  
A. Toreti ◽  
A. Ceglar ◽  
G. De Sanctis
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Arable Crop ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concurrent Events

Abstract. In the last decades the Euro-Mediterranean region has experienced an increase in extreme temperature events such as heat waves. These extreme weather conditions can strongly affect arable crop growth and final yields. Here, early heat waves over Italy from 1995 to 2013 are identified and characterised and their impact on durum wheat yields is investigated. As expected, results confirm the impact of the 2003 heat waves and highlight a high percentage of concurrence of early heat waves and significant negative yield anomalies in 13 out of 39 durum wheat production areas. In south-eastern Italy (the most important area for durum wheat production), the percentage of concurrent events exceeds 80%.

scholarly journals Extreme Temperatures and Firm-Level Stock Returns

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2004
Author(s):  
Jingbin He ◽  
Xinru Ma
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Induced Mood ◽  
The Impact

By linking stock returns with weather conditions from 2007 to 2019 in China, we study how firm-level stock returns react to extreme temperatures. Based on a multivariate ordinary least squares regression model with fixed effects, empirical results show that firm-level stock returns decrease with exposure to extreme temperatures. We further explore the heterogeneity in the temperature-return relation to enrich our understanding of the economic mechanism behind it. The impact of extreme temperatures on abnormal stock returns is more pronounced in smaller, younger, more volatile, less profitable firms and firms with more intangible assets. The results indicate that the investor mood likely plays a role in the extreme temperature effect. The impact of extreme temperatures holds after addressing a series of concerns. Overall, our paper provides additional firm-level evidence on the environment-induced mood effect in the stock market.

The impact of global climate change on the characteristics of seasons in the Carpathian Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csenge Dian ◽  
Rita Pongrácz ◽  
Judit Bartholy ◽  
Attila Talamon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The Impact

<p>Similarly to many other regions, warming and extreme weather conditions (e.g. related to temperature and precipitation) are expected to increase due to the effects of climate change in the Carpathian Basin during the 21st century. Consequently, as a result of the clearly detectable warming, the number of frost days in winter decreases and the summer heat waves become more frequent. The transition between winter and summer tends to become shorter and the inter-annual variability is likely to increase. The precise definition of the transition periods between the two extremes of the annual temperature course is very important for several disciplines, e.g. building energy design, where outdoor temperature is a key input to determine the beginning and end of heating and cooling periods. The aim of this research is to examine the possible transformation of the four seasons characteristics of the Carpathian Basin in details using various specific climate indexes (e.g. monthly percentiles, daily temperature fluctuation time series) based on the data of regional climate model simulations taking into account different future scenarios. For this purpose, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios are compared to historical runs, and simulated temperature data series are analyzed for the middle and end of the century.</p>

Mapping extreme hot temperatures in Europe and their evolutions: sensitivity to data choices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Parey ◽  
Paul-Antoine Michelangeli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
Return Levels ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
The Impact

<p>Electricity generation and demand is highly dependent on the weather conditions and especially temperature. Ongoing climate change has already modified the very hot extremes in Europe, and this is projected to continue in the future. The anticipation of the necessary adaptations in the electricity sector necessitates information on the possible extreme levels susceptible to occur in the next decades or further future periods. This study aims at comparing different ways of producing maps of extreme temperature levels for different future periods. Extreme temperatures are defined here as an example as 20-year Return Levels, that is temperatures reached or exceeded on average once in 20 years over the considered period. The computation of the Return Levels is based on the methodology described in Parey et al. 2019, which consists in applying the statistical extreme value theory to a standardized variable. It can be proven that the extremes of this variable can be considered as stationary. Then, the changes in mean and variance of the summer temperature projected by different climate models from the CMIP5 archive can be used to derive Return Levels for any selected future period.</p><p>Producing maps necessitates the use of a dataset with a large geographical coverage over Europe. Such datasets are typically gridded, either based on spatial interpolations of station records or on reanalysis products. However, both spatial interpolation and model assimilation tend to smooth the local highest values. Thus, in order to analyze the impact of such smoothing, the Return Levels computed in the same way from different datasets: the European Climate Assessment and dataset station data, the gridded EOBS database or the ERA5-Land database are computed and compared for different future periods.</p>

Loss of climatic suitability for durum wheat production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Ceglar ◽  
Andrea Toreti ◽  
Matteo Zampieri ◽  
Conxita Royo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

<p>Durum wheat (<em>Triticum durum Desf.</em>) is a minor cereal crop of key importance for making pasta, couscous, puddings, bread, and many other traditional foods, due to its physical and chemical characteristics. Durum wheat currently represents around 8% of the total wheat crop production, with the main cultivation region being concentrated in few suitable areas such as the Mediterranean Basin, the North American Great Plains, and the former USSR. The global demand for high-quality food made of durum wheat has been increasing, which poses a challenge in the face of climate change. The major share of durum wheat production is currently located in semi-arid climates, where the risk of climate extremes such as drought and heat stress will likely substantially increase in the future. </p><p>We develop a global climate suitability model for durum wheat growth based on Support Vector Machines. We use CMIP6 data to assess the impact of climate change on future suitability for growing durum wheat globally. The total share of global arable land, climatically suitable for growing rainfed durum wheat, currently represents roughly 13% of the global arable land. However, climate change may decrease this suitable area of 19% by mid-century and of 48% by the end of the century, considering also the gain of suitable land areas, where durum wheat is not cultivated today. This net loss of suitable areas requires the development and the future adoption of effective and sustainable strategies to stabilize production and adapt the entire food supply chain.</p>

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF WATER AND TEMPERATURE STRESSES ON GERMINATING ABILITY OF WINTER DURUM WHEAT SEEDS YIELDED IN THE YEARS WITH VARIOUS WEATHER CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Likhovidova ◽  
A. S. Kazakova ◽  
N. E. Samofalova
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Thermal Testing ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The study was conducted in 2016–2018. The objects were three commercial varieties developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, one of which was the standard variety “Donchanka” in the SVT system in the Rostov Region. The purpose of the research was to comprehensively estimate winter durum wheat seeds yielded in the years with various weather conditions due to their resistance to moisture deficit and heat. According to the results of laboratory study, the current paper has presented indicators of relative drought tolerance and heat resistance. The germinating ability of the studied varieties of winter durum wheat “Lazurit” and “Oniks” was better than that of the standard variety “Donchanka” in all concentrations of the solution. Using an osmotic solution with a concentration of 12 and 14 atm all varieties possessed great germinating ability and belonged to the first resistance group. At a critical concentration of osmotic pressure (16 atm), the number of germinated seeds ranged from 69.4% (“Lazurit”) to 63% (“Donchanka”). It has been established that the seeds of the studied winter durum wheat varieties were characterized by little germinating ability under an increasing water stress, while the seeds of different years of reproduction had a different response to water stress. It has been identified that the seeds of the studied varieties significantly varied in their germinating ability after heating. The variety “Oniks” was the most resistant to temperature stress with a germination rate of 86.7% (1-st resistance group) that is on 14% higher than the control variety “Donchanka”. The variety “Lazurit” with a germination rate of 80.2% also belonged to the first resistance group and exceeded the control variety by only 8%. According to the degree of depression in the accumulation of dry sprouts mass under the high temperature impact (thermal testing at +54 °С), the variety “Oniks” was the best with the depression degree of 8.2%. In 2016 the variety “Lazurit” was the most stable, in 2017 and 2018 it was the variety “Oniks”.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of hot days in north central region, Vietnam in the period of 1980-2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Ly ◽  
Hoang Luu Thu Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
The North ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Synthesis Report ◽  
The Impact

Based on the data of daily maximum temperature in 26 meteorological stations in the North Center Region, Vietnam over the period of 1980 to 2013, the authors conducted the research on the spatial distribution of the number of hot days. The initial result shows that in general, in the north of the study area, the large number of hot days occurred in the plain, and tended to decrease westward and eastward. In the south, this number tends to increase from the west to the east. Especially, the largest number occurred in two areas: The Ma and Ca River's valleys (Thanh Hoa and Nghe An provinces) and the coastal areas (Thua Thien Hue province), creating two heat centers in Tuong Duong district, Nghe An province and Nam Dong district, Thua Thien Hue province.ReferencesAdina-Eliza Croitoru, Adrian Piticar, Antoniu-Flavius Ciupertea, Cristina FlorinaRosca, 2016 Changes in heat wave indices in Romania over the period 1961-2015. Global and Plantary Change 146. Journal homepage: www. Elsevier.com/locate/gloplacha.Chu Thi Thu Huong et al., 2010. Variations and trends in hot event in Vietnam from 1961-2007, VNU Journal of Science and Technology, 26(3S).Climate Council, 2014a. Angry Summer 2013/2014. Accessed at http://www.climatecouncil.org.au/ angry-summer.Climate Council, 2014b. Angry Summer 2013/2014. Accessed at http://www.climatecouncil.org.au/ angry-summer.CSIRO and BoM, 2012. State of the Climate 2012.CSIRO and Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne.Accessed at http://www.csiro.au/Outcomes/ Climate/Understanding/State-of-the-Climate-2012.aspx.D'Ippoliti D., Michelozzi P., Marino C., De'Donato F., Menne B., Katsouyanni K., Kirchmayer U., Analitis A., Medina-Ramon M., Paldy A., Atkinson R., Kovats S., Bisanti L., Schneider A., Lefranc A., Iñiguez C., Perucci C., 2010. The impact of heat waves on mortality in 9 European cities: results from the EuroHEAT project. Environ. Health 9, 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-9-37.Gerald A. Meehl, 1992. Effect of tropical topography on global climate, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 20, 85-112.Hayhoe K., Cayan D., Field C.B., Frumhoff P.C., Maurer E.P., Miller N.L., Moser S.C., Schneider S.H., Cahill K.N., Cleland E.E., Dale L., Drapek R., Hanemann R.M., lkstein L.S., Lenihan J., Lunch C.K., Neilson R.P., Sheridan S.C., Verville J.H., 2004. Emissions pathways, climate change, and impacts on California. PNAS, 101(34), 12422-12427.Ho Thi Minh Ha, Phan Van Tan, 2009. Trends and variations of extreme temperature in Vietnam in the period from 1961 to 2007, VNU Journal of Science and Technology, 25(3S).IPCC, 2007: Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, Pachauri R.K and Reisinger A. (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 104p.IPCC, 2014. Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups   I, II and III  to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental  Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer  (eds.)].  IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151p.Liu G., Zhang L., He B., Jin X., Zhang Q., Razafindrabe B., You H., 2015. Temporal changes in extreme high temperature, heat waves and relevant disasters in Nanjing metropolitan region, China. Nat.  Hazards, 76,  1415–1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1556-y.Manton M.J et al., 2001. Trends in extreme daily temperature in Southeast Asia Rainfall ad and the South Pacific, J. Climatol. 21.Nairn J.R., Fawcett R.J.B., 2015. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 12, 227–253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120100227.Nguyen Duc Ngu, 2009. Climate Change Challenges to development, Journal of Economy and Environment, No. 1.Perkins S.E., Alexander  L.V., 2013.  On the measurement of heat waves.  J. Clim.  26, 4500–4517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00383.1.Peterson T.C., Heim Jr. R.R., Hirsch R., Kaiser D.P., Brooks H., Diffenbaugh N.S., Dole R.M., Giovannettone J.P., Guirguis K., Karl T.R., Katz  R.W., Kunkel K., Lettenmaier D., McCabe G.J., Paciorek C.J., Ryberg K.R., Schubert S., Silva  V.B.S., Stewart B.C., Vecchia A.V., Villarini G., Vose  R.S., Walsh J., Wehner M., Wolock D., Wolter K., Woodhouse C.A., Wuebbles D., 2013. Monitoring and understanding changes in heat waves, cold waves, floods, and droughts in the United States: state of knowledge. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 94, 821–834.Pham Thi Ly, Hoang Luu Thu Thuy, 2015. Variation of heat waves in the North Central Region over the period of 1980-2013, Journal of natural resources and environment, 9, 81-89.Phan Van Tan et al., 2010. Study impact of global climate change on extreme weather phenomena and factors in Vietnam, prediction and adaptation strategies. Project final report, KC 08.29/06-10, Hanoi University of Science.Spinoni J., Lakatos M., Szentimrey T., Bihari Z., Szalai S., Vogt  J., Antofie T., 2015. Heat and cold waves trends in Carpathian Region from 1961 to 2010. Int.  J. Climatol, 35, 4197–4209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.4279.Toreti A., Desiato F., 2008.Temperature trends over Italy from 1961 to 2004, Theor. Appl. Climatol 91.Tran Cong Minh, 2007. Principle of meteorology and climate, Book, Public House of Hanoi National University.Tran Quang Duc, Trinh Lan Phuong, 2013. Changes of Hot day and Fohn Activities at Ha Tinh- Central Vietnam, VNU Journal of Science, Science and Technology, 29(2S).Trewin B., Smalley R., 2013.Changes in extreme temperature in Australia, 1910 to 2011. In: 19th AMOS National Conference, Melbourne, 11-13.Unal  Y.S., Tan  E., Mentes S.S., 2013. Summer heat waves over western Turkey between 1965 and 2006.Theor. Appl. Climatol, 112, 339–350.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-012-0704-0.Will Steffen, 2015. Quantifying the impact of climate change on extreme heat in Australia. Published by the Climate Council of Australia Limited. ISBN: 978-0-9942453-1-1 (print) 978-0-9942453-0-4 (web).

scholarly journals Analysis of the impacts of extreme weather events on Ontario’s electricity grid using agent-based modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailiya Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Computational Technique ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Ice Storms ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Impact

Extreme weather events have increased and are causing severe impacts on the electricity grid. Heat waves and ice storms are becoming more intense and frequent in Ontario, Canada. During an extreme weather event, the electricity demand fluctuates and the reliability of the electrical grid decreases due to equipment failure and shortage of electricity supply, which leads to blackouts. An initial stage simulation model is developed using the computational technique agent-based model. This thesis analyzed the impact of extreme weather events based on severity and frequency levels on two sector of Ontario’s electricity grid which are generation plants and distribution network. The simulation output showed multiple grid failures in different regions during extreme severity levels and increased frequencies of weather events. The model also showed heat waves and ice storms resulting differently depending on the month, extreme temperature months were more prone to failures than average temperature months.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document