scholarly journals Assessment of the Direct Economic Losses of Flood Disasters Based on the Spatial Valuation of Land Use and Quantification of Vulnerabilities: A Case Study of the 2014 Flood in Lishui city, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Zhang ◽  
Weihua Fang ◽  
Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Remote Sensing Classification ◽  
Disaster Loss ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Direct Economic Losses

Abstract. The refined assessment of the direct economic losses of flood disasters is important for emergency dispatch and risk management in small- and medium-sized cities. There are still great challenges in the accuracy and timeliness of the previous research methods. In this study, a single flood disaster in Lishui city in 2014 was taken as an example to study and verify a method for the rapid and refined assessment of direct economic loss. First, based on a field investigation, the inundation range and submerged depth simulated by the flooding model were verified. Next, the urban land use status map and high-precision remote sensing classification data were fused and combined with expert questionnaire surveys, thereby providing the types and values of disaster-bearing bodies. Then, the existing vulnerability curve database was summarized, and the curves were calibrated by disaster loss reporting. Finally, the spatial distributions of the flood disaster loss ratio and loss value were estimated by spatial analysis. It is found that the constructed land use map has detailed types and value attributes as well as high-precision spatial information. Secondly, the vulnerability curves after function fitting and calibration effectively reflect the change characteristics of land use loss ratio in this area. Finally, the estimated loss ratio and loss value distributions can accurately reflect the spatial pattern of flood disaster loss, which is useful for the government to formulate effective disaster reduction and relief measures.

scholarly journals Assessment of direct economic losses of flood disasters based on spatial valuation of land use and quantification of vulnerabilities: a case study on the 2014 flood in Lishui city of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3161-3174
Author(s):  
Haixia Zhang ◽  
Weihua Fang ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Lu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Direct Economic Losses

Abstract. Detailed and reliable assessment of direct economic losses of flood disasters is important for emergency dispatch and risk management in small- and medium-sized cities. In this study, a single flood disaster in Lishui city in 2014 was taken as an example to study and verify a method for rapid and detailed assessment of direct economic loss. First, based on a field investigation, the inundation data simulated by the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model and geographic information system (GIS) analysis method were verified. Next, the urban land use map and high-resolution land use classifications based on remote sensing data were fused and combined with expert questionnaire surveys, thereby providing the 47 types and values of land use. Then, based on the previous depth–damage function in the past study, the vulnerability curves of 47 types of land use in Liandu district were fitted by the lognormal cumulative distribution function and then calibrated using disaster loss report data. Finally, the distributions of the loss ratio and loss value were estimated by spatial analysis. It is found that the land use data have detailed types and value attributes as well as high resolution. Secondly, the vulnerability curves after function fitting and calibration effectively reflect the change characteristics of land use loss ratio in this area. Finally, except for the three types of land for agriculture, recreational and sports facilities, and green parking spaces, the optimized simulated total loss is CNY 322.6 million, which is 0.16 % higher than the statistics report data. The estimated loss ratio and loss value can reliably reflect the distribution pattern of disaster losses in detail, which can be applied by government and private sectors to implement effective disaster reduction and relief measures.

scholarly journals Daily Precipitation Threshold for Rainstorm and Flood Disaster in the Mainland of China: An Economic Loss Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Wenhui Liu ◽  
Jidong Wu ◽  
Rumei Tang ◽  
Mengqi Ye ◽  
Jing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Precipitation Threshold ◽  
The Mainland Of China ◽  
The Relationship

Exploring precipitation threshold from an economic loss perspective is critical for rainstorm and flood disaster risk assessment under climate change. Based on the daily gridded precipitation dataset and direct economic losses (DELs) of rainstorm and flood disasters in the mainland of China, this paper first filtered a relatively reasonable disaster-triggering daily precipitation threshold (DDPT) combination according to the relationship between extreme precipitation days and direct economic loss (DEL) rates at province level and then comprehensively analyzed the spatial landscape of DDPT across China. The results show that (1) the daily precipitation determined by the combination of a 10 mm fixed threshold and 99.3th percentile is recognized as the optimal DDPT of rainstorm and flood disasters, and the correlation coefficient between annual extreme precipitation days and DEL rates reached 0.45 (p < 0.01). (2) The optimal DDPT decreases from southeast (up to 87 mm) to northwest (10 mm) across China, and the DDPTs of 7 out of 31 provinces are lower than 25 mm, while 5 provinces are higher than 50 mm on average. These results suggest that DDPTs exist with large spatial heterogeneity across China, and adopting regional differentiated DDPT is helpful for conducting effective disaster risk analysis.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal patterns and driving factors of flood disaster in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Hu ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Chong-Yu Xu ◽  
Shao Sun ◽  
Jiayi Fang
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Hourly Rainfall ◽  
The World ◽  
Flood Disasters

Abstract. Flood is one of the most disastrous disasters in the world inflicting massive economic losses and deaths on human society, and it is particularly true for China which is the home to the largest population in the world. However, no comprehensive and thorough investigations have been done so far addressing spatiotemporal properties and relevant driving factors of flood disasters in China. Here we investigated changes of flood disasters in both space and time and their driving factors behind using statistical data of the meteorological disasters from Statistical Yearbooks and also hourly rainfall data at 2420 stations covering a period of 1984–2007. GeoDetector method was used to analyze potential driving factors behind flood disasters. We found no consistent extreme rainfall trend across China with exceptions of some sporadic areas. However, recent years witnessed increased frequency of rainstorm-induced flood disasters within China and significant increase in the frequency of flood disasters in the Yangtze River, Pearl River and Southeastern coasts. Meanwhile, reduced flood-related death rates in the regions with increased flood frequency indicated enhanced flood-mitigation infrastructure and facilities. However, increased flood-induced affected rates and direct economic losses per capita were found in the northwestern China. In addition, contributions of influencing factors to the spatio-temporal distribution of flood disasters analyzed by GeoDetector are shifting from one region to another. While we found that rainfall changes play the overwhelming role in driving occurrences of flood disasters, other factors also have considerable impacts on flood disasters and flood disaster-induced losses such as topographical features and spatial patterns of socio-economy. Wherein, topography acts as the key factor behind the characteristics of spatial distribution of flood disasters in China.

scholarly journals Land Use Vulnerability towards the Flood Risk in Surakarta City

2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 01011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Miladan ◽  
Feira Ariani ◽  
Shifa Nurul Indah Pertiwi ◽  
Raafi Setiawan ◽  
Kusumaningdyah Nurul Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Economic Assets

Urban flood risk is one of the frequent disasters in Indonesiancities. It causes the urban vulnerabilities including urban land use, community socio-economic assets, urban infrastructures and buildings. The massive urban land use changes will lead to the increase of flood riskif those changes do not manage properly. In other side, the increase offlood risk is also caused by the land use vulnerability. The assessment ofland use vulnerability on flood risk is an important element to identify theurban socio economic losses. Furthermore, the understanding of land usevulnerability could be an essential aspect for the urban land use plansrelating to the process of urban planning. This study has purpose to assessthe vulnerability of land use on flood risk in Surakarta City. This city hasseveral rivers flowing inside urban areas, and often, the flood occurrencestook place due to overflows of those rivers. This research used thedeductive approach. The data and information provided by the institutionaldocuments, and field observation. The result of the research indicated thatthe hazard level has more influence than the land use vulnerability level inthe calculation of flood risk. Furthermore, it demonstrated that the land usevulnerability level is not certainly linier correlated to the risk level.

A Study on Disastrous Law of Flood in Hubei Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1581-1586
Author(s):  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Yue Hua Zhou ◽  
Li Mei Ye
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Periodic Oscillation ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Quasi Periodic Oscillation ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Direct Economic Losses

Using the daily precipitation and disaster census data of 76 metrological stations in Hubei province from 1960 to 2005, the authors studied the temporal-spatial distributions and disastrous laws of flood. The results show that the frequent occurrence area of flood mainly occurred along the river, with the high value center in Tongshan, Chibi and Chongyang. The average annual occurrences of flood disaster showed three different tendency periods from 1960 to 2005, with a decrease of stations of flood after 1996. The flood disaster mainly concentrated in summer. The overall variation trend of flood disaster-causing intensity is quasi periodic oscillation. Both of the damaged areas of agriculture crops and agricultural economic losses reached maximum values in the 1990s, and with a correlation coefficient of 0.80 between the two variables. There was good relationship between the flood-affected population and direct economic losses. The increasing speed of direct economic losses was accelerated with the growth of flood-affected population, while the abilities to prevent flood disaster were also strengthened.

scholarly journals Changes in Tsunami Risk to Residential Buildings at Omaha Beach, New Zealand

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Paulik ◽  
Emily Lane ◽  
Shaun Williams ◽  
William Power
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tsunami Inundation ◽  
Tsunami Hazards ◽  
Probable Maximum Loss ◽  
Average Annual Loss ◽  
Direct Economic Losses ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Coastal settlements worldwide have suffered significant damage and loss to tsunami hazards in the last few decades. This period coincides with socio-economic changes that have heightened spatio-temporal risk through increased coastal development and infrastructure. In this study, we apply a spatio-temporal loss model to quantify the changes in direct economic losses to residential buildings from tsunami hazards over a 20-year period in Omaha Beach, New Zealand. The approach reconstructed temporal urban settlement patterns (1992, 1996, 2006 and 2012) for an area potentially exposed to regional source tsunami inundation hazard. Synthetic depth–damage functions for specific building classes were applied to estimate temporal damage and loss from tsunami inundation exposure at each building location. Temporal loss estimates were reported for a range of risk metrics, including probable maximum loss, loss exceedance and average annual loss. The results showed that an increase in the number of buildings and changes to building design (i.e., storeys, floor area, foundations) influenced the increasing risk to direct economic loss over the study period. These increases were driven by conversion from rural to urban land use since 1996. The spatio-temporal method presented in this study can be adapted to analyse changing risk patterns and trends for coastal settlements to inform future tsunami mitigation measures and manage direct economic losses.

Physical, Chemical, and Biological Methods and Data from the Urban Land-Use-Gradient Study, Des Plaines and Fox River Basins, Illinois, 1999-2001

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie L. Adolphson ◽  
Terri L. Arnold ◽  
Faith A. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Mitchell A. Harris ◽  
Kevin D. Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Fox River

THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT URBAN LAND USE TYPES ON AIR POLLUTION IN THE MEGACITY OF SÃO PAULO

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Júlio Barboza Chiquetto ◽  
Maria Elisa Siqueira Silva ◽  
Rita Yuri Ynoue ◽  
Flávia Noronha Dutra Ribieiro ◽  
Débora Souza Alvim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Impact

A poluição do ar é influenciada por fatores naturais e antropogênicos. Quatro pontos de monitoramento (veicular, comercial, residencial e background urbano (BGU))da poluição do ar em São Paulo foram avaliados durante 16 anos, revelando diferenças significativas devidoao uso do solo em todas as escalas temporais. Na escala diurna, as concentrações de poluentes primários são duas vezes mais altas nos pontos veicular e residencial do que no ponto BGU, onde a concentração de ozonio (O3) é 50% mais alta. Na escala sazonal, as concentrações de monóxido de carbono(CO) variaram em 80% devido ao uso do solo, e 55% pela sazonalidade.As variações sazonais ede uso do solo exercem impactos similares nas concentrações de O3 e monóxido de nitrogênio (NO). Para o material particulado grosso (MP10) e o dióxido de nitrogênio(NO2), as variações sazonais são mais intensas do que as por uso do solo. Na série temporal de 16 anos, o ponto BGU apresentou correlações mais fortes e significativas entre a média mensal de ondas longas (ROL) e o O3 (0,48) e o MP10 (0,37), comparadas ao ponto veicular (0,33 e 0,22, respectivamente). Estes resultados confirmam que o uso do solo urbano tem um papel significativo na concentração de poluentes em todas as escalas de análise, embora a sua influência se torne menos pronunciada em escalas maiores, conforme a qualidade do ar transita de um sistema antropogênico para um sistema natural. Isto poderá auxiliar decisões sobre políticas públicas em megacidades envolvendo a modificação do uso do solo.

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