scholarly journals The determinants affecting the intention of urban residents to prevent flooding in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Wang ◽  
Yunmeng Lu ◽  
Tiezhong Liu ◽  
Yujiang Zhang ◽  
Xiaohan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
And Coping

Abstract. In the context of global warming and China’s disaster response patterns, it is critical to understand how to promote the effectiveness of household flood protection measures among the public. In this study, we developed a comprehensive theoretical framework based on protection motivation theory (PMT) to identify the main determinants that influence urban residents' intention to prepare for flooding. In addition to the fundamental factors in PMT, this framework also considered the influence of individual heterogeneity and social context. We selected urban residents in flood-prone areas of Henan Province as the study population and collected 857 valid questionnaires through an online survey. Firstly, the results showed that both threat perception and coping appraisal of flood risk are effective in increasing residents' intention to prevent. Secondly, negative risk response attitudes reduced people's intention to prepare. If people do not perceive preparedness actions as absolutely necessary, they will postpone or shift to public flood protection measures. In addition, analysis of affective pathways revealed that negative emotions were primarily influenced by perceptions of flood consequences and were not significantly related to perceptions of likelihood. The analysis of trust mechanisms showed that higher levels of trust reduced people's perceptions of flood risk thereby hindering their intention to prepare for floods. Finally, we found that the positive influence of social norms on preparedness intentions makes it appropriate to focus on the power of social mobilization. The findings will provide theoretical references for government departments to design further policy measures to improve integrated flood risk management in China.

scholarly journals FLOPROS: an evolving global database of flood protection standards

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1049-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Scussolini ◽  
Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts ◽  
Brenden Jongman ◽  
Laurens M. Bouwer ◽  
Hessel C. Winsemius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Global Database ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Model Layer

Abstract. With projected changes in climate, population and socioeconomic activity located in flood-prone areas, the global assessment of flood risk is essential to inform climate change policy and disaster risk management. Whilst global flood risk models exist for this purpose, the accuracy of their results is greatly limited by the lack of information on the current standard of protection to floods, with studies either neglecting this aspect or resorting to crude assumptions. Here we present a first global database of FLOod PROtection Standards, FLOPROS, which comprises information in the form of the flood return period associated with protection measures, at different spatial scales. FLOPROS comprises three layers of information, and combines them into one consistent database. The design layer contains empirical information about the actual standard of existing protection already in place; the policy layer contains information on protection standards from policy regulations; and the model layer uses a validated modelling approach to calculate protection standards. The policy layer and the model layer can be considered adequate proxies for actual protection standards included in the design layer, and serve to increase the spatial coverage of the database. Based on this first version of FLOPROS, we suggest a number of strategies to further extend and increase the resolution of the database. Moreover, as the database is intended to be continually updated, while flood protection standards are changing with new interventions, FLOPROS requires input from the flood risk community. We therefore invite researchers and practitioners to contribute information to this evolving database by corresponding to the authors.

scholarly journals FLOPROS: an evolving global database of flood protection standards

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 7275-7309 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Scussolini ◽  
J. C. J. H. Aerts ◽  
B. Jongman ◽  
L. M. Bouwer ◽  
H. C. Winsemius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Global Database ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Model Layer

Abstract. With the projected changes in climate, population and socioeconomic activity located in flood-prone areas, the global assessment of the flood risk is essential to inform climate change policy and disaster risk management. Whilst global flood risk models exist for this purpose, the accuracy of their results is greatly limited by the lack of information on the current standard of protection to floods, with studies either neglecting this aspect or resorting to crude assumptions. Here we present a first global database of FLOod PROtection Standards, FLOPROS, which comprises information in the form of the flood return period associated with protection measures, at different spatial scales. FLOPROS comprises three layers of information, and combines them into one consistent database. The Design layer contains empirical information about the actual standard of existing protection already in place, while the Policy layer and the Model layer are proxies for such protection standards, and serve to increase the spatial coverage of the database. The Policy layer contains information on protection standards from policy regulations; and the Model layer uses a validated modeling approach to calculate protection standards. Based on this first version of FLOPROS, we suggest a number of strategies to further extend and increase the resolution of the database. Moreover, as the database is intended to be continually updated, while flood protection standards are changing with new interventions, FLOPROS requires input from the flood risk community. We therefore invite researchers and practitioners to contribute information to this evolving database by corresponding to the authors.

scholarly journals Social Learning in Multilevel Flood Risk Governance: Lessons from the Dutch Room for the River Program

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacomien den Boer ◽  
Carel Dieperink ◽  
Farhad Mukhtarov
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Land And Water Management ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Integrated Flood Risk Management ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Social Learning Processes

Although social learning is a key element of multilevel flood risk governance, it is hardly studied. This paper addresses this knowledge gap. The paper aims to identify enabling conditions for social learning in multilevel flood risks governance arrangements. We first conceptualize social learning and draw up a conceptual framework consisting of enabling conditions for social learning, using the literature on adaptive co-management, sustainable land and water management, and integrated flood risk management. Next, we apply this framework to analyze social learning in the context of the Dutch Room for the River program. Our interview results reveal that social learning about integrated flood protection measures took place at multiple levels. We found that a strong personal commitment to learning and mutual interpersonal trust in working groups are key conditions for successful social learning. Based on our analysis, we conclude with some recommendations for enhancing social learning processes in future flood protection programs.

scholarly journals Capturing flood risk dynamics with a coupled agent-based and hydraulic modelling framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Michaelis ◽  
Luigia Brandimarte ◽  
Giuliano Di Baldassarre ◽  
Maurizio Mazzoleni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Hydraulic Modelling ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The Real ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Levee System ◽  
Over Time

<p>Floods are one of the costliest natural hazards worldwide, affecting millions of people every year. To plan flood risk reduction strategies, there is a need to understand how risk changes over time. In traditional flood risk assessment, vulnerability is often unrealistically considered constant in time, which does not reflect patterns observed in the real world. The coupled human and natural flood system is complex and determined by two-way interactions between the two subsystems. Floodplain dynamics may affect human behavior (e.g. by triggering the implementation of protection measures at different scales) which changes exposure and vulnerability, while they are also in turn influenced by human activities (e.g. land-use changes or flood protection structures). Here we explore how these two-way interactions influence changes in flood risk over time, with a focus on the role of individual and governmental decision-making, by developing a coupled agent-based and hydraulic modelling framework.</p><p>In our framework, household agents are located in a floodplain protected by a levee system. Individual behavior is based on Protection Motivation Theory and it comprises (as a response to floods) the options to do nothing, invest in private flood protection measures, or file a complaint to the government. The governmental decision making process about the implementation of technical flood protection measures, i.e. reinforcing the levee system, is a compromise between a Cost-Benefit-Analysis and relative number of filed complaints from the households. The agents take decisions at every time step of a long time series of annual maximum water levels: in case of levee breach, the floodplain water level is estimated by the LISFLOOD 2D hydraulic model, which is dynamically coupled into the agent-based model.</p><p>We show that this coupled model is capable of replicating adaptation and levee effects, which have been empirically observed by several scholars in numerous floodplains around the world. Thus, our framework provides a useful explanatory tool for assessing different spatial and temporal dynamics of flood risk in a socio-hydrological system. Moreover, the new modelling approach can explicitly simulate the spatial distribution of flood risk which allows for the analysis of conflicting interests in neighbouring communities. First, efforts have been made to include farmer agents into the model to simulate conflicts between urban and rural areas. Further, we exploit data from the real word in order to assess the credibility of our model and, lastly, use the model to investigate the effects of different climate scenarios on these types of conflicts.</p><p> </p>

Effectiveness of Flood Protection Project Valuation Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Liziński ◽  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Anna Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Project Valuation ◽  
The Subject

Projects for flood protection are increasingly the subject of investment projects in the field of water management. This is related to the increasing frequency of worldwide threats caused by extreme weather conditions, including extremely high rainfall causing floods. Technical and nontechnical flood protection measures are also increasing in importance. In the decision-making process, it is necessary to take into account both the costs and benefits of avoiding losses, including an analysis of social benefits, whose valuation of non-market goods is an essential element. A comprehensive account of projects in the field of flood protection based on the estimated costs and benefits of the investment allows the economic efficiency from a general social point of view to be determined. Previous evaluations of the effectiveness of investment projects have mainly taken into account only categories and market values. The aim of the article is to identify the possibilities to expand the values of non-market assessments and categories formulated on the basis of the theoretical economics of the environment. 

Buying-Shopping Disorder among Women: The Role of Vulnerability to Marketing, Buying Motives, Impulsivity, and Self-Esteem

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-303
Author(s):  
Emeline Chauchard ◽  
Julie Mariez ◽  
Marie Grall-Bronnec ◽  
Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Alcohol Users ◽  
The Relationship

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The influence of marketing on addictive behaviours has been studied among tobacco and alcohol users. Although the fashion industry is highly influenced by marketing, research has poorly studied vulnerability to fashion marketing as a factor related to buying-shopping disorder (BSD) while considering psychological characteristics (buying motives, impulsivity, and self-esteem). <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of the present work is to investigate the relationship between vulnerability to marketing and BSD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Women (<i>n</i> = 242) were exclusively recruited through social networking. They completed an online survey exploring the severity of BSD using the <i>Compulsive Buying Scale</i> (CBS) and the psychological factors associated with BSD (impulsivity, self-esteem, and buying motives) and an experimental task designed to investigate the intention to purchase in several situations, where marketing modalities such as price, brand, and packaging fluctuate. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the 242 participants in the study, 34 were identified as compulsive buyers (14%). Income level was considered, and compulsive buyers displayed a higher level of vulnerability to marketing, except for the packaging modality. High levels of positive urgency, lack of premeditation, and coping motivation were found to be significant predictors of the CBS score, but vulnerability to marketing was not. <b><i>Discussion and Conclusions:</i></b> Compulsive buyers seem to be more sensitive to marketing strategies, although vulnerability to marketing was not identified as a predictor of the severity of BSD. Given the enormous literature on the role of marketing in other addictive behaviours, further studies are needed to better understand the role of marketing in BSD to develop appropriate public health policies.

scholarly journals Contexts between mental health of fledged people and compassion competence in the care

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Screening Scale

Abstract The aim of this doctoral thesis is to investigate the extent to which the competence compassion has a positive influence on the mental health of refugees. The research question was raised in a first step by means of a questionnaire by Mohr & Müller, ‘Depression tendencies in the non-clinical context’. Eighty asylum seekers were questioned in a total of seventeen lodgings. In addition, a survey was conducted with employees and volunteers in refugee care. This survey included 102 people who were assessed using the standardized BOSS1 Burnout Screening Scale. With the help of the Santa Clara Briefing Scale, the differences in the population between people who are not volunteering and those who volunteer in refugee care are being investigated through an online survey. There were 818 people attending. The evaluation of the data showed that the competency compassion lowers the depressive tendencies among the refugees and they have a more positive sense of integration and hope for a better life. The competency of compassion reduces burnout factors and people who have committed themselves voluntarily have significantly higher values in compassion competency. Thus compassion can be confirmed as a valuable competence in refugee care, not only among the refugees, but also among employees and volunteers. Key messages The present study has shown that empathy skills reduce depressive tendencies in people who have escaped. Associations of compassion and low burnout factors confirmed by the study showed that persons with high compassion skills have low burnout scores.

scholarly journals Coastal and river flood risk analyses for guiding economically optimal flood adaptation policies: a country-scale study for Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2121) ◽  
pp. 20170329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toon Haer ◽  
W. J. Wouter Botzen ◽  
Vincent van Roomen ◽  
Harry Connor ◽  
Jorge Zavala-Hidalgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Flood Adaptation

Many countries around the world face increasing impacts from flooding due to socio-economic development in flood-prone areas, which may be enhanced in intensity and frequency as a result of climate change. With increasing flood risk, it is becoming more important to be able to assess the costs and benefits of adaptation strategies. To guide the design of such strategies, policy makers need tools to prioritize where adaptation is needed and how much adaptation funds are required. In this country-scale study, we show how flood risk analyses can be used in cost–benefit analyses to prioritize investments in flood adaptation strategies in Mexico under future climate scenarios. Moreover, given the often limited availability of detailed local data for such analyses, we show how state-of-the-art global data and flood risk assessment models can be applied for a detailed assessment of optimal flood-protection strategies. Our results show that especially states along the Gulf of Mexico have considerable economic benefits from investments in adaptation that limit risks from both river and coastal floods, and that increased flood-protection standards are economically beneficial for many Mexican states. We discuss the sensitivity of our results to modelling uncertainties, the transferability of our modelling approach and policy implications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advances in risk assessment for climate change adaptation policy’.

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