Is the Supercourse useful for Latin America?

BACKGROUND: The success of the Supercourse showed that the effort was needed in Latin America. But would a Spanish language version be better for the region?METHODS: Google Analytics was used to determine website usage. A custom evaluation form was created to get user feedback on the usefulness of both the English language and Spanish language Supercouse lectures.RESULTS: Over a year's span from June 2009 to June 2010 there were 257,403 unique visits and 448,939 page views. The overall average rating of lectures was 4.87 with the Spanish language lectures getting even higher ratings.CONCLUSION: Supercourse lectures in Spanish were a great success in Latin America. This success shows the need for this information and similar success could be found in Central Asia.

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Examining the Validity, Reliability, and Measurement Invariance of the Social Support for Exercise Scale Among Spanish- and English-Language Hispanics

Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.1177/0739986319854144 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 427-443

Author(s):

Timothy J. Walker ◽

Natalia I. Heredia ◽

Belinda M. Reininger

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Root Mean Square ◽

English Language ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Mean Square ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Friend Support ◽

Language Version ◽

The Social

The Social Support for Exercise Subscales are commonly used among Hispanic populations. The aims of this study were to test the validity and reliability of the Spanish-language version of the Social Support for Exercise Subscales and test the invariance of the Spanish- and English-language versions. Data were from a subsample of Hispanic adults in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort ( n = 1,447). A series of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models were used to assess the validity and reliability of the Spanish-language version of the subscales. A multigroup CFA approach was used to test measurement invariance. Results indicated the Spanish-language versions of family and friend support subscales had good validity and reliability, root mean square error approximation (RMSEA) < .07, comparative fit index (CFI) > 0.95, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) > 0.94, and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) < 0.05. There was also evidence of measurement invariance between the Spanish- and English-language versions. These findings indicate the Spanish-language family and friend support subscales are valid and can be compared between Spanish- and English-language Hispanic respondents.

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Conquest of Mexico and Peru

Military History ◽

10.1093/obo/9780199791279-0193 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Scott Doebler ◽

Matthew Restall

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Cultural History ◽

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Latin American ◽

English Language ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Western Hemisphere ◽

Master Narrative ◽

Multiple Perspectives ◽

Secondary Sources

The traditional, master narrative of the momentous collision of worlds in 16th-century Mexico and Peru centers on small bands of Spaniards, who quickly overwhelmed indigenous peoples in the Western Hemisphere with their superior technology and leadership. That narrative, rooted in the accounts and perspectives of the Spanish conquistadors themselves, has until very recently dominated the historiography of “the Conquest,” as it has long been known. The years since the 1970s have seen monumental shifts in how scholars approach the period of “the Conquest,” stemming from two distinct historiographic currents, which together have driven complex revisions to the master narrative of “the Conquest.” The first is New Military History (NMH), which emphasizes the study of war and society. New military historians focus on social, cultural, and gendered aspects of war, as opposed to the set-piece tactical battle histories, unit histories, and biographies of famous generals. Though still interested in battle itself, the NMH came to emphasize larger implications of war. While the NMH hardly engaged directly with the Conquests of Mexico and Peru, its development widened the pool of scholars considered “military” historians, made the study of warfare widely accepted, increased the field’s diversity, and pushed military historians to be more theoretical. As NMH blurred the lines between military, social, and cultural history, a second shift took place, known as the New Conquest History (NCH). The NCH developed primarily within colonial Latin American history. During the last quarter of the 20th century, scholarship focusing on Latin America increasingly studied indigenous peoples, African slaves and their descendants, and non-elite Spaniards, whose experiences in the Conquest period were largely ignored. The NCH gives indigenous-language sources particular attention, but also stresses newly found sources or the reinterpretation of familiar ones—be they written in Spanish or a native tongue, or a nontextual visual source—in order to reveal new protagonists and multiple perspectives on contact phenomena and Conquest moments. “The Conquest” is now seen as a protracted series of wars of invasion, resulting in slow and incomplete conquests of indigenous societies. Spanish-language literature published in Latin America is too vast to be included here. Instead we focus on English-language books and articles, which themselves will lead researchers into Spanish-language primary and secondary sources.

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Review of Contesting the global development of sustainable and inclusive education: Education reform and challenges of neoliberal globalization

Education Review ◽

10.14507/er.v28.3267 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

Mariangela Napoli ◽

Judith Naidorf

Keyword(s):

Education Reform ◽

Inclusive Education ◽

English Language ◽

Language Translation ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Global Development ◽

Neoliberal Globalization ◽

Language Version

This review was originally written in English, and the authors of the review kindly provided a Spanish-language translation following the English-language version.

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Resource sharing in Latin America

Interlending & Document Supply ◽

10.1108/ilds-05-2015-0015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

Stephen G Marvin

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Web Sites ◽

Resource Sharing ◽

Design Methodology ◽

English Language ◽

Scientific Publication ◽

International Federation ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Content Type ◽

Library Consortia

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the developments in resource sharing in Latin America. Design/methodology/approach – The approach is based on research carried out in a number of countries in Latin America financed and supported by a number of organizations, including the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), The International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publication (INASP) and The International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC). Findings – Dominance of English language databases, publications and indexing has notably created a barrier for access and entry of Spanish language publications in Latin America. The consortia project encountered barriers of language and infrastructure, conflicts with trade barriers, the value of forming consortia and the values of literacy. Prospects of positive change were noted with engagement in electronic resources. Originality/value – One of the very few studies of developments in resource sharing in Latin America with an excellent apparatus of Web sites and references.

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Pediatrics Goes International

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.85.4.606 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 606-606

Keyword(s):

English Language ◽

Spanish Language ◽

New Venture ◽

Indian Pediatrics ◽

Italian Language ◽

Language Version ◽

International Circulation

We proudly announce the birth in 1989 of two new editions of Pediatrics. One is the Italian language version of Pediatrics which is now available in Italy. Professor Ilanda Minoli, MD, and Professor Guido Moro, MD, are the Scientific Directors of this new venture, which is published every 2 months. An English language version of Pediatrics (Indian Pediatrics) is also now available in India. This new venture is being directed by Professor D. Vidyasager, MD, and Dr R. Pai. These two new editions of Pediatrics, when combined with our Spanish language edition and overseas subscribers, give Pediatrics an international circulation of nearly 20 000.

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Reliability and Validity of the Spanish-Language Version of the NIH Toolbox

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191120913943 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 107319112091394

Author(s):

Rina S. Fox ◽

Jennifer J. Manly ◽

Jerry Slotkin ◽

John Devin Peipert ◽

Richard C. Gershon

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

English Language ◽

Linear Models ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Internal Consistency Reliability ◽

The United States ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Language Version ◽

Language Measures ◽

Test Retest Reliability

The psychometric properties of the English-language NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (NIH Toolbox) have been examined in numerous populations. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the Spanish-language NIH Toolbox. Participants were children aged 3 to 7 years and adults aged 18 to 85 years who took part in the NIH Toolbox norming study in Spanish. Results supported the internal consistency reliability of included measures. Test–retest reliability was strong for most tests, though it was weaker for the test of olfaction among children and the test of locomotion among adults. Spearman’s correlations and general linear models showed Spanish tests were often associated with age, sex, and education. Convergent validity for the two language measures that underwent more intensive development, evaluated via Spearman’s correlations with legacy measures, was strong. Results support using the Spanish-language NIH Toolbox to measure neurological and behavioral functioning among Spanish-speaking individuals in the United States.

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The NIH Toolbox: Overview of Development for Use with Hispanic Populations

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617720000028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 567-575

Author(s):

Richard C. Gershon ◽

Rina S. Fox ◽

Jennifer J. Manly ◽

Dan M. Mungas ◽

Cindy J. Nowinski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Oral Reading ◽

Working Group ◽

English Language ◽

The United States ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Minority Population ◽

Language Version ◽

Language Measures ◽

Expanding Population

AbstractObjective:Hispanics/Latinos are the largest and fastest-growing minority population in the United States. To facilitate appropriate outcome assessment of this expanding population, the NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function® (NIH Toolbox®) was developed with particular attention paid to the cultural and linguistic needs of English- and Spanish-speaking Hispanics/Latinos.Methods:A Cultural Working Group ensured that all included measures were appropriate for use with Hispanics/Latinos in both English and Spanish. In addition, a Spanish Language Working Group assessed all English-language NIH Toolbox measures for translatability.Results:Measures were translated following the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) translation methodology for instances where language interpretation could impact scores, or a modified version thereof for more simplified translations. The Spanish versions of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery language measures (i.e., Picture Vocabulary Test, Oral Reading Recognition Test) were developed independently of their English counterparts.Conclusions:The Spanish-language version of the NIH Toolbox provides a much-needed set of tools that can be selected as appropriate to complement existing protocols being conducted with the growing Hispanic/Latino population in the United States.

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Self-Referent Thoughts in Exercise: The Self-Perception in Exercise Questionnaire

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.13.3.195 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 195-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marit Sorensen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

English Language ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Activity Level ◽

Language Version ◽

Social Comfort ◽

And Gender

Adherence to lifestyle changes - beginning to exercise, for example - is assumed to be mediated by self-referent thoughts. This paper describes a pilot study and three studies conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire for adults to determine their self-perceptions related to health-oriented exercise. The pilot study identified items pertinent to the domains considered important in this context, and began the process of selecting items. Study 2 examined the factor structure, reduced the number of items, determined the internal consistency of the factors, and explored the discriminative validity of the questionnaire as to physical activity level and gender. Four factors with a total of 24 items were accepted, measuring mastery of exercise, body perception, social comfort/discomfort in the exercise setting, and perception of fitness. All subscales had acceptable internal consistencies. Preliminary validity was demonstrated by confirming hypothesized differences in scores as to gender, age, and physical activity level. The third study examined and demonstrated convergent validity with similar existing subscales. The fourth study examined an English-language version of the questionnaire, confirming the existence of the factors and providing preliminary psychometric evidence of the viability of the questionnaire.

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Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 897-898

Author(s):

Fabiana Ribeiro ◽

Ana Carolina Teixeira-Santos ◽

Anja Leist

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Latin America ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

English Language ◽

Prevalence Data ◽

Gender And Education ◽

Precise Diagnosis ◽

Normal Ageing ◽

The Caribbean

Abstract Background. The population of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is ageing rapidly, presenting the highest prevalence rates of dementia in the world. In this context, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate condition between normal ageing and dementia. However, very few studies verified the prevalence of MCI in LAC countries; earlier global systematic reviews only considered prevalence reports published in English language. Method. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the prevalence of MCI in LAC countries and to explore the factors associated with MCI (i.e., age, gender, and education). A database search was conducted in February 2020 using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, SciELO, and EMBASE, for population-or community-based studies with MCI data for countries in LAC, published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese language. From k=2,168 identified and k=1,684 screened studies, only articles were selected that included subjects with a precise diagnosis of MCI. The studies were qualitatively assessed using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data tool. Results. A total of nine studies met the criteria, published between 2007 and 2019, including a total of 17,812 participants in nine countries Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, and Costa Rica. Estimates for MCI prevalence ranged from 1.2% to 34%, with most estimates between 1.2% and 6.45%. Estimates differed by age group, gender, and educational level. Discussion. This is the first systematic review of the prevalence of MCI in LAC countries, considering only high-quality studies adopting rigorous diagnostic criteria.

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The feasibility of implementing an English language version of GLA:D Back

Pilot and Feasibility Studies ◽

10.1186/s40814-020-00758-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

J. Lemieux ◽

G. Kawchuk ◽

A. Kongsted ◽

J. Hartvigsen ◽

V. Abdollah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Back Pain ◽

Program Implementation ◽

English Language ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Perceived Barriers ◽

Language Version ◽

Rural Settings ◽

Care Package ◽

Evidenced Based ◽

Evidence Based Care

Abstract Background Evidenced-based clinical guidelines for the treatment of low back pain (LBP) consistently suggest educating patients about their back pain, its natural course, and providing advice to keep active and continue working. Despite this evidence, clinicians routinely do not follow these recommendations resulting in ineffective and fragmented care. GLA:D® Back, a standardized care package, was originally developed in Denmark to assist clinicians in implementing evidence-based care. This study will evaluate the feasibility of implementing the English version of the Danish GLA:D® Back program in Alberta, Canada. Methods Thirty-five clinicians from nineteen clinics in Alberta, Canada, participated. Feasibility of program implementation, our primary objective, was evaluated within 3 months. Feasibility success was defined as 50% clinician/clinic adoption in addition to 66–88 enrolled participants registered in the database. Our secondary objectives included collecting data pertaining to clinician confidence, attitudes and behaviour of treating patients, perceived barriers and facilitators of program in addition to collecting patient-data regarding pain, function, general health and self-efficacy. Results The majority of the clinics (15/19, 79%) offered GLA:D® Back to their patients within the study period. Of the participating clinicians, GLA:D® Back was delivered by (25/35, 71%) of clinicians. In total, 78 patients were enrolled in the program and (69/78, 88%) participants attended the final assessment. Secondarily, clinicians demonstrated a biomedical and behavioural orientation along with high confidence when treating LBP patients while patient outcomes trended toward improvement. Conclusion The English translation of the Danish GLA:D Back program was feasible for Albertan clinicians to implement into practice in both urban and rural settings.

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