scholarly journals needs-gap analysis of street space allocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lefebvre-Ropars ◽  
Catherine Morency ◽  
Paula Negron-Poblete
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Street Design ◽  
Space Allocation ◽  
Longitudinal Tracking ◽  
Street Space

Streets have long been designed to maximize motor vehicle throughput, ignoring other street users. Many cities are now reversing this trend and implementing policies to design more equitable streets. However, few existing tools and metrics enable widescale assessment, evaluation, and longitudinal tracking of these street space rebalancing efforts, i.e., assessing how equitable the current street design is, how it can be improved, and how much progress has been made. This paper develops a needs-gap methodology for assessing the discrepancy between transportation supply and demand in urban streets using existing datasets and automated methods. The share of street space allocated to different street users is measured in 11 boroughs of Montréal, Canada. Travel survey data is used to estimate the observed and potential travel demand in each borough in the AM peak period. A needs-gap analysis is then carried out. It is found that bus riders and cyclists face the greatest needs-gap across the study area, especially in central boroughs. The needs-gap also increases if only trips produced or attracted by a borough are considered. This shows the potential of applying an equity-based framework to the automated assessment of street space allocation in cities using large datasets.

Toward A Framework for Assessing the Fair Distribution of Space in Urban Streets

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199519
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lefebvre-Ropars ◽  
Catherine Morency ◽  
Paula Negron-Poblete
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Street Space ◽  
The World ◽  
Fair Distribution ◽  
The City

The increasing popularity of street redesigns highlights the intense competition for street space between their different users. More and more cities around the world mention in their planning documents their intention to rebalance streets in favor of active transportation, transit, and green infrastructure. However, few efforts have managed to formalize quantifiable measurements of the balance between the different users and usages of the street. This paper proposes a method to assess the balance between the three fundamental dimensions of the street—the link, the place, and the environment—as well as a method to assess the adequation between supply and demand for the link dimension at the corridor level. A series of open and government georeferenced datasets were integrated to determine the detailed allocation of street space for 11 boroughs of the city of Montréal, Canada. Travel survey data from the 2013 Origine-Destination survey was used to model different demand profiles on these streets. The three dimensions of the street were found to be most unbalanced in the central boroughs of the city, which are also the most dense and touristic neighborhoods. A discrepancy between supply and demand for transit users and cyclists was also observed across the study area. This highlights the potential of using a distributive justice framework to approach the question of the fair distribution of street space in an urban context.

scholarly journals The role of intersection and street design on severity of bicycle-motor vehicle crashes

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Asgarzadeh ◽  
Santosh Verma ◽  
Rania A Mekary ◽  
Theodore K Courtney ◽  
David C Christiani
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Street Design

A GPS Data Based Monitor Model of Unoccupied Taxis at Transportation Hubs

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 767-772
Author(s):  
Xiao Lin Che ◽  
Jian Cheng Weng ◽  
Quan Yu ◽  
Tian Yu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Monitoring Model ◽  
Scientific Analysis

Taxis account for a large percent of urban public passenger transport. This research proposes a monitor model of analyzing unoccupied taxis at a defined area. By scientific analysis of taxi GPS data precision and quality, 16,255 valid taxis in register list were filtered, and two coefficients were introduced to correct the taxi monitoring model. Based on the location reports of valid taxis, the number of unoccupied taxi which was able to dispatch to meet passengers’ demands can be predicted. Take the terminal 3 of Beijing Capital International Airport as a case study, the field investigation results show that the precision of model reached 87.25%. It provides reliable systematic support and alert for a low taxi number when there comes up large taxi travel demand during the peak period or under severe weathers.

scholarly journals DESAIN LANSKAP JALAN K.H. ABDULLAH BIN NUH BERBASIS GREEN STREET

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Mauldy Ahmad Fadhillah ◽  
Pingkan Nuryanti
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Drainage Channel ◽  
Street Design ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Rainwater Runoff ◽  
Safe Road

Green Street is a very important innovation in managing water run-off from paving or pavement. Green street is basically one that can clean and absorb the results of rainwater runoff or its own through a balanced combination of the same technique. Landscape design for Yasmin area aims to provide innovative K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street design as Green Street-based green path with existing problems on tread such as drainage channel obstruction and by applying green street system, including green infrastructure, complete street and placemaking tools. Complete street is a comfortable and safe road design with clear division of motor vehicle and bicycle circulation paths. The placemaking principle is the principle where by the resulting design should provide an identity to the area.The result of the research is the design of road landscape consisting of service space, identity, vehicle, pedestrian, buffer and conservation. The research site located at K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street is divided into five segments with various kinds of concepts and designs applied in accordance with green street concept. The main green street concept applied to this site is a rain garden that serves to absorb rainwater runoff. This research produces site plan, planting plan, detail construction and illustration design.Kata-kata Kunci: desain jalan, green street, green infrastructure, lanskap jalan LANDSCAPE DESIGN IN K.H. ABDULLAH BIN NUH STREET BASED ON GREEN STREETGreen Street is a critical innovation in managing water run-off from paving or pavement. Green street is one that can clean and absorb the results of rainwater runoff or its own through a balanced combination of the same technique. Landscape design for Yasmin area aims to provide innovative K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street design as Green Street-based green path with existing problems on tread such as drainage channel obstruction and by applying green street system, including green infrastructure, complete street, and placemaking tools. A complete street is a comfortable and safe road design with clear division of motor vehicle and bicycle circulation paths. The placemaking principle is the principle where the resulting design should provide an identity to the area. The result of the research is the design of the road landscape consisting of service space, character, vehicle, pedestrian, buffer, and conservation. The research site located at K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street is divided into five segments with various kinds of concepts and designs applied following green street concept. The main green street concept applied to this site is a rain garden that serves to absorb rainwater runoff. This research produces site plan, planting plan, detail construction, and illustration design.Keywords: design street, green street, green infrastructure, landscape street REFERENCES[BAPPEDA] Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah. 2014. Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Kota Bogor Tahun 2015-2019. Bogor (ID): Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah Kota Bogor.Austin G. 2014. Green Infrastructue for Landscape Planning. Glasgow: Bell and Bain Ltd.Booth N K. 1983. Basic Elements of Landscape Architectural Design. Illinois (US): Waveland Press.Carlson et al. 2014. Green Streets Guidebook for the City of Holyoke, Massachusetts. Winter: The Conway SchoolDepartemen Pekerjaan Umum Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga. 2008. Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI). Jakarta (ID) : Departemen Pekerjaan Umum.Laurie. 1986. Pengantar kepada Arsitektur Pertamanan. Bandung: IntermatraSimonds JO and Starke BW. 2006. Landscape Architecture. New York (US): McGraw Hill-Book Co.

scholarly journals Speeding and Traffic-Related Injuries and Fatalities during the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic: The Cases of Seattle and New York City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Liao ◽  
Michael Lowry
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Police Data ◽  
Traffic Volumes

Despite fewer cars on roads during the COVID-19 pandemic, deaths associated with motor vehicle collisions in New York City and Seattle remained largely unchanged in 2020. Using police data on weekly counts of collisions, we compared trends in 2020 with those of 2019, while controlling for the reduction of traffic volumes and seasonal weather conditions. Results of difference-in-differences estimation suggest that during the early months of the pandemic, or March-May, the incidence rates of severe or fatal injury crashes related to speeding increased by nearly 8 times in Seattle and more than 4 times in New York City. In the rest of 2020, they were still significantly higher than what would be expected in the absence of the pandemic. This research suggests that in similar situations that depress travel demand (e.g., another pandemic), policymakers should formulate plans to reduce speeding which may prevent an upswing in severe injuries and fatalities.

scholarly journals Water Supply and Demand Gap Analysis: A Case Study on Jessore Pourashava, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
K. M. Delowar Hossain ◽  
M. A. Hakim ◽  
S. Mondal ◽  
M. A. S. Khan ◽  
A. A Seddique
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Water Supply And Demand

scholarly journals Tourists of the Future

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Lade ◽  
Paul Strickland ◽  
Elspeth Frew ◽  
Paul Willard ◽  
Sandra Cherro Osorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Drivers Of Change ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Tourist Behaviour

Today, more and more people are travelling than ever before, with 1.5 billion international tourist arrivals recorded in 2019 and the forecasted 1.8 billion international arrivals set to be reached well before its predicted 2030 (UNWTO, 2019; 2020). Traditionally, the wealthier industrialised world has predominately been responsible for both the supply and demand of tourism. However, in recent years a gradual shift has occurred with new destinations beginning to challenge these traditional destinations. There is the expectation that 57% of all international tourist arrivals will be in emerging destinations by 2030 (UNWTO, 2017). The rise of the middle class has resulted in more of the world’s population gaining access to leisure time and the means to increased international travel. Travel experiences in the past have typically consisted of sun, sand and surf type holidays. Tourists are no longer content with these passive activities, rather seeking more experiential and engaging travel experiences instead. This suggests a change in demand from the mass tourism holidays of the 1970s and 1980s to more individualised tourist experiences (Sharpley, 2005). Drivers of change contributing to these changes in travel demand include increased globalisation along with a variety of economic, social, political, technological and environmental trends (Dwyer et al., 2008). Chapter 2 discusses the key drivers of change, along with several trends considered to have an impact on the future development of the international tourism industry. This chapter explores some of these trends further in the context of future tourist behaviour, namely smart tourism, virtual tourism, smart boredom, super sabbaticals and solo travellers.

Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce and Convergent Assembly Supply Chain Management

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy J. Strader ◽  
Fu-Ren Lin ◽  
Michael J. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Inventory Costs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Convergent Assembly

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) can occur between a business and its customers, as well as between a business and its suppliers. To facilitate interorganizational e-commerce it is often necessary to share supply and demand information between supply chain partners. Based on our analysis of supply chains in several industries we identify the mechanisms (business processes) required for effective supply chain management. We also identify the information system components needed to support these mechanisms, show how the individual components can be integrated into an information infrastructure framework and identify some technologies currently available that can fit within our proposed infrastructure. We illustrate the usefulness of our framework by simulating convergent assembly (commonly associated with motor vehicle and aerospace production) supply chain performance under various information-sharing strategies supported by our proposed infrastructure. We find that inventory costs can be reduced while maintaining acceptable order fulfilment cycle times. This is true because information, which provides the basis for enhanced coordination and reduced uncertainty, can substitute for inventory.

The effects of the motor vehicle industry on employment and research innovation in Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 684-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Valadkhani ◽  
Russell Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Australian Economy ◽  
Vehicle Production ◽  
Forward Linkage ◽  
Motor Vehicle Industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the likely economy-wide impacts of the complete shutdown of the motor vehicle industry on output and employment in Australia using the latest input-output (IO) table (2009-2010). Design/methodology/approach – Both supply- and demand-driven IO models are employed to determine the extent, and pattern, of the resulting output and job losses in upstream and downstream industries. An analysis of the first-order field of influence is also conducted to observe how output multipliers in other sectors respond to changes in the self-use-input-requirement of the professional, scientific and technical services (PSTS) industry. Findings – The PSTS industry (with a significant research and development (R & D) component and the highest forward linkage index) would be hardest hit with the collapse of the motor vehicle industry. Research limitations/implications – This paper identifies a number of industries that are more likely to be heavily influenced by the resulting lack of R & D in the PSTS industry in the near future. Unless more funding is allocated to other research and technology-intensive industries, the extinction of the motor vehicle industry, coupled with the recent budgetary cuts for strategic organisations such as the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, can reduce the positive spillover effects of R & D activities on the Australian economy. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine the effects of the shutdown of the motor vehicle industry on employment in Australia. The results also have broader implications for other developed countries that have declining motor vehicle industries. The findings suggest that the global decline in the motor vehicle industry can adversely affect investment in R & D in upstream and downstream industries. More generally, the results suggest that the shift in motor vehicle production to developing countries, will contribute to increased R & D intensity in them at the expense of developed countries.

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