scholarly journals Anadolu’da Ahî Teşkilatının Kalite Standart ve Yönetim Anlayışına İlişkin Uygulamaların Günümüze Yansımaları

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 577-591
Author(s):  
Ersin Çabucak
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Art Trade ◽  
Economic Institution

Abstract In the dictionary, Ahilik is the equivalent of the word “akı”, which means “kardas” in Arabic, and in Turkish, which means open-handed, hospitable and brave. The institution of Akhism is a socio-economic institution based on the concepts of art, trade and cooperation developed in the Anatolian geography. In the thirteenth century, Akhism became a social institution aiming to create a national community by spreading to the countryside. Akhism emerged as a national institution peculiar to the Ottoman state, and besides protecting the consumers, it played an important role in the holding and rooting of the Turks in the Anatolian geography. The structure of Akhism peculiar to the Ottoman state continued until the seventeenth century. To the extent that the Ottoman state's dominance area, which was outside the spread of Islam, expanded, it became a necessity to work among people belonging to different religions. During the collapse of the Ottoman state, the Akhism gradually degenerated by taking whatever fell on its behalf. As a result, the guild was corrupted, and the appointment was made according to the favor system, not according to the custom order. In this process, the state of the state is literally collapsing. Finally, in 1912, the guild organization was completely abolished from the square. In this way, the Akhism, which lived for seven hundred years and played a decisive role in the social, cultural and economic life of the Anatolian people, rose to the dusty shelves of history. Keywords: Ahî Evran, Akhism, Moral.

CONTROL SYSTEM IN MODERN JAPAN (NIHONTEKI KEYKEY): THE KEY TO INNOVATIVE DEVEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
A. I. SAMSIN ◽  
◽  
M. A. PONOMAREV ◽  
V. V. VELIKOROSSOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Control System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Japan

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main trends and problems of the management system in modern Japan, which is the key to the country's innovative economic development. Shows the social orientation of the state authorities to protect the rights, freedoms and well-being of citizens. Today, the country is actively fighting against the coronavirus pandemic. The decisive role belongs to government bodies, it is they who develop and implement a system of measures to overcome this serious danger.

scholarly journals THE STATE IN THE SYSTEM OF PROTECTING NATIONAL INTERESTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shedyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multilateral System ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One

Optimizing transformations during the transition period requires the use of the entire multilateral system of mechanisms to protect national interests. The state occupies an essential place, in particular, the establishment of forms of public-private partnership in coordinating diverse initiatives and creative searches. At the same time, on the one hand, the independence and security of development force them to predominantly rely on their own forces. On the other hand, the refusal to unify the social structure (in particular, statehood) makes it easier to increase efficiency, flexibility and adaptability while maintaining loyalty to national foundations and traditions. The two most noticeable trends in the transformation of the state structure are the strengthening of totalitarian-corporate characteristics or features of democracy. Accordingly, the depersonalization of responsibility – or its embodiment in specific leaders is realizing. At the same time, as you know, selection and promotion in the corporate sector has nothing to do with democracy. And the processes of pathologizing political and economic life may imply a departure from general, direct, secret and equal elections to senior government positions, and include broad manipulative capabilities of the media sphere.

The Russian experience of interaction between the efforts of the state and society in pre-emption of social deviance (the end of XIX - beginning of XX century)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Надежда Мартыненко ◽  
Nadezhda Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Institution ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sexual Morality ◽  
Social Deviance ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
State And Society

The monograph deals with the problem of prostitution as one of the social deviations, conducted a retrospective analysis of all aspects of this phenomenon in the period of the mid XIX – early XX centuries.Investigated the origins of legalization of prostitution in Imperial Russia, shows the mechanism of regulation, the organization of police control and sanitary supervision. The ways of self-organization of society, the conditions that contributed to the development of private and public initiatives of self-help against the danger of turning to vicious fishing are revealed. The relationship of state structures, self-government bodies and public organizations in the prevention of prostitution. Describes the experience of Russian participation in the international fight against prostitution in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a synthesis of the obtained characteristics provides a basis to believe that the formation of the social institution of prostitution is a logical and objective process related to the deviation inherent in the human community. As a social deviation, prostitution is of double importance to society. The positive side is expressed in the illegal provision of needs that are not adequately met by the institution of the family, serves as a" safe valve " for aggressive trends. The negative is manifested in facilitation of crime. In modern Russian society, sexual morality normalizes many things that have traditionally been recognized as deviant in sexual behavior. The topic is relevant for the present in terms of the presence and establishment of this phenomenon. Prostitution remains one of indeterminant crime related to her involvement in minors with drugs, crimes and harboring criminals, a robbery and robbery.The reality clearly shows the unsolved nature of this burning problem. The tasks facing the current generation to combat negative social phenomena cannot be solved without the close cooperation of the state and society in this direction, without the historical experience of predecessors, without continuity. The introduction of the new material into scientific circulation in the course of the research enables a wide range of specialists, public organizations to use the historical experience of creating constructive mechanisms of interaction between the state and society to reduce the spread of modern prostitution, to solve urgent problems.

The State and Landed Interests in Thirteenth Century France and England

1952 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 109-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Miller
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Edward I

Before coming to the substance of this paper, I feel that I must define its purpose somewhat more closely than I have done in the title which I have given to it. A study of the state and landed interests, of course, could embrace most of the domestic and much of the external histories of France and England in the thirteenth century, I shall be concerned with much less than that—with a problem which nevertheless seems to me to be of the first importance in any study of the social and economic policies (if that phrase be not too anachronistic) of medieval governments. I mean the break-up and alienation of feudal tenements in the thirteenth century, some of the causes and consequences thereof, and some of the attempts made to deal with the difficulties thereby occasioned. This still remains a large subject, and at best this paper is an attempt at synthesis, even of vulgarisation, which rests, in the main, upon the work of others. In particular, I have drawn heavily upon Professor Plucknett's study of the legislation of Edward I, and I was encouraged to venture upon some comparisons with France because he has also shown, I feel, that such comparisons may not be without value.

Features of the social and economic sphere of the USSR in 1920-1930

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
A. G. Ryabchenko ◽  
I. D. Zolotareva
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Ruling Party ◽  
Strong Expansion

The article attempts to reveal the main peculiarities of the development of the social and economic sphere of the USSR in 1920-1930, as the most difficult period of development of Soviet statehood, the period of creation of a powerful administrative-command system of administration. The political leadership of the USSR considered that all phenomena in the economic life of the country should have been under the tight control and leadership of the ruling Communist Party. The system of counteracting various abuses in the economy was closely interconnected and mutually agreed with the economic policy of the State. In the second half of the 1920s, the party leadership set a task for the country: to achieve significant economic growth, the basis of which was to be the reconstruction of the national economy. The economy itself, the bulk of it, was to become «on socialist rails.» This, in turn, meant a strong expansion of the public sector by displacing other sectors of the economy, primarily private sectors. Control of the ruling party of the Communist Party (b) of the socio-economic life of the country became absolute. The results presented in the article can be used by the state authorities as both positive and negative experience in the development of the two leading spheres of public life of the Soviet State.

scholarly journals Responsibilities of Companies towards Employees

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monray Marsellus Botha
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Social ◽  
Labour Legislation

Central to company law is the promotion of corporate governance. An important question in company law still today is in whose interest the company should be managed. Corporate governance needs to address the entire span of responsibilities to stakeholders of the company such as customers, employees, shareholders, suppliers and the community at large. The promotion of human rights in the application of company law must also take place. This is extremely important given the significant role of enterprises within the social and economic life of the nation. The interests of various stakeholder groups in the context of the corporation as a "social institution" should be enhanced and protected. Because corporations are part of society and the community, like all of us, it is required of them to be socially responsible and have greater accountability to all stakeholders of the company. Although directors must act in the best interests of shareholders collectively they must also consider the interests of other stakeholders. Sustainable relationships with all the relevant stakeholders are thus important. The advancement of social justice is thus important to corporations in that they should take note of the Constitution, labour legislation and company law legislation when social justice issues are dealt with. Employees have become very important stakeholders of companies and their needs should be taken into account in the bigger corporate governance and social responsibility framework.

Neoliberalism in Germany: Ordoliberalism and the Social Market Economy

Diogenes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Alexandrov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Social Market

This article is devoted to German neoliberalism, which differs from the other national schools of the doctrine in question on the large scientific-theoretical array and the scientific-political science inherent in German social philosophers, which deals with the legal, economic and legal-political issues of democracy, market economy and the role of the state in a free society. One important feature of German neoliberalism, which emerges in the German universities, is emphasized, and besides being the most complex of all the national schools of neoliberalism and with the greatest number of theorists, it has for a long time maintained its objectivity and position on common sense, protecting the interests of all citizens, regardless of their property and social status. It also emphasizes that emblematic feature of German neoliberalism, according to which this national school does not deny the role of the state in social and economic life, but affirms it.

THE PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF MODERN FRANCE’S POLICY IN OVERCOMING CRISIS IN THE SOCIAL SPHERE: EXPANSION OF THE STATE SOCIAL GUARANTEES, TARGETING AND DIVERSIFICATION OF THE SOCIAL HELP

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Арина Преображенская ◽  
Arina Preobrazhenskaya ◽  
Марат Арифуллин ◽  
Marat Arifullin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Government Deficits ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

The article analyzes the most pressing social and economic problems of modern France. The crisis phenomena in economy have led to an aggravation of many social problems and deepening of existing social inequality. The young people, especially with low levels of education and professional qualifications, became the most affected part of society and have expanded the increased ranks of the unemployed and recipients of minimum social benefits. Dramatically increase government spending has led to growth of government deficits. The government has taken a number of measures to reduce costs, including in the social sphere. The article deals with reforms of Socialist Party that is in power. President Hollande’s measures for strengthening the competitiveness and steps to tighten budgetary policy did not lead to a significant improvement of economic indicators in the country. Particular attention is paid to innovations in the field of social protection. The authors conclude that the French State has kept its position as a guarantor of social development and has pursued a policy of distribution of a set of social standards for emerging categories of recipients. At the same time there is tendency of more "targeting" and diversification of social support. It is noted that the desire of the French authorities to intensify the implementation of "republican values" in the consciousness of the suburbs inhabitants is based on strong reasons. In recent years researchers are observing a tendency to "re-islamization" of young people, immigrants and their descendants, who mainly live in the suburbs of large cities. Exclusion from the economic life of this category of Muslims, particularly youth, its social marginalization contributed to increased influence of religious ideology, often in its radical forms. The authors draw the conclusion that the authorities were forced to look for ways to reduce costs, including in the social sphere. It was not a curtailing of social guarantees but granting more flexibility to this system, the transfer of the gravity center from the payment of benefits to unemployed to encouraging labor activity. There is a desire for greater diversification and targeting of social support. At the same time the state social guarantees to provide a decent life for all citizens have been expanded.

The Social Gospel as “the Total Message of the Christian Salvation”

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-198
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Evans
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Religious History ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Social Gospel ◽  
American Religious History ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

In 1921, Shailer Mathews coined what became a classic, yet somewhat obtuse, definition of the social gospel in North American religious history. He defined it as “the application of the teaching of Jesus and the total message of the Christian salvation to society, the economic life, and social institutions such as the state, the family, as well as to individuals.” For all the problems with Mathews's definition, it does serve as a useful template for understating the social gospel, especially interpreting what Mathews meant by the phrase, “the total message of the Christian salvation.”

scholarly journals The Waqf as The Social Institution and The Realization of Islam Nusantara: The Study in West Sumatera

ADDIN ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Onny Medaline
Keyword(s):  
Social Institution ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Funding System ◽  
Community Norms ◽  
The Social

<p>As a religion which concerned with the social, cultural, psychological and spiritual of the community, Islamic laws had the ability to answer the new problems, especially in all <em>muamalah </em>fields. The Islamic of <em>Nusantara</em> was the comprehension, experience, and implementation of Islam in mualamat of fiqih segment as the dialectical result among the <em>syariat</em>, cultural and  reality throughout the archipelago. The reality reflected on in <em>waqf</em> that became a dynamical <em>ijtihadiyyat </em> laws along with the benefit which fulfilled the certain space, time and situation. The <em>waqf</em> as the social institution was the realization of the Islamic laws transformation to become a law formation which consisted of the funding system of tasawuf <em>(ilahiyah) </em>study and Islam absolute which grew as the social framework that had the ability to answer all the community needs in some of life fields which affected by the dynamic of space and time. In the context of social institution, the <em>waqf </em>was the  norm system which arranged all the human actions in order to fulfill the basic needs in community life, and it was  a part of  community norms which formed the social, religion institutions and the other institutions which protected by the state.</p>

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