scholarly journals USE OF OBJECTIVE METHODS TO DETERMINE THE HOLDING TIME OF HOLD ELEMENTS ON STILL RINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lehmann ◽  
Alexander Winter ◽  
Alexander Seemann-Sinn ◽  
Falk Naundorf
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Hold Time ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Percentage Agreement ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Kinematic Method ◽  
Trained Neural Network ◽  
Time Evaluation

The duration of holding elements represents a critical factor for judging routines on the still rings in artistic gymnastics. Athletes can be penalized with non-recognition of an element if the hold time is too short. Dynamometric and kinematic measuring methods offer the possibility to provide support to judges in evaluating the duration of the hold time. In this study a dynamometric method with two different variants (dms10 and dms5) as well as a kinematic method (kms) based on a trained neural network were presented and examined with regard to their agreement with judges’ evaluations when determining the hold time. To check the agreement, a) the percentage agreement and b) the interrater reliability were calculated using Cohen's kappa (k). The two dynamometric methods showed a percentage agreement of 83.5% (dms10) and 51.7% (dms5) with the hold time evaluation by judges. The percentage agreement of the kms was 38.8%. The interrater reliability showed for the dms10 a moderate (k = 0.58) and for the dms5 a fair (k = 0.23) agreement, while the kms showed a poor (k = 0.02) match. The results supported dms10 for its possible use as a practicable and reliable method to assist judges in evaluating hold times on the still rings. Dms5 and kms (in the current development stage) were not suitable as means of judges’ support.

scholarly journals Influence of the nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” on the state of pathogenic and persistent factors of the joints of enteromicrobiocenosis of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 941 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Lysko Svetlana ◽  
Valentina Pleshakova ◽  
Nadegda Lescheva ◽  
Marina Zadorozhnaya ◽  
Tatyana Lorengel
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbon Microsphere ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The current development stage of the poultry industry is characterized by a rapid consolidation of the role of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. It was found that some phytopreparations have a diverse impact on the persistent characteristics of microorganisms. This work aims to study the influence of the nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” on the manifestation of pathogenic (hemolytic, adhesive, proteolytic, catalase activities) and persistent (antilysozyme, anti-complementary activities) characteristics of microorganisms isolated from broiler chickens. Studied were microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa) isolated from samples of broiler chicken droppings. The nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” was prophylactically added to the diet of chickens. As a control, considered were cultures of microorganisms isolated from broiler chickens, who did not receive the preparation in the diet. It was established that 37.5% of E. coli cultures isolated from droppings of the control broiler group exhibit hemolytic activity, while E. coli isolates from the experimental group did not have this activity. The percentage of isolated cultures of microorganisms that showed adhesive, proteolytic and catalase activity was lower for broiler chickens of the experimental group compared to the control one. This tendency was observed when studying persistent factors, in particular, antilysozyme and anti-complementary characteristics. The nanophytopreparation “Betulin in carbon microsphere” can be applied not only to increase the general resistance of the poultry body but also to target the main types of microbiocenosis joints, reducing their pathogenic and persistent potential.

Interrater Reliability of a Novel Goniometric Technique to Measure Scapular Protraction and Retraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512500032p1-7512500032p1
Author(s):  
Nathan Short ◽  
Michelle Mays ◽  
Abigail Baist ◽  
Anthony Clifton ◽  
Adam Horty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Error ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Motor Component ◽  
Healthy Sample ◽  
Primary Author

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. This study describes the interrater reliability of a novel goniometric technique to measure scapular protraction and retraction. Measurements obtained by two experienced OTs demonstrated a standard error of measure of less than 4 degrees using this technique on a healthy sample of adults (N = 80). This technique may offer a more reliable method to assess scapular mobility as an essential motor component of occupational performance. Primary Author and Speaker: Nathan Short Additional Authors and Speakers: Michelle Mays, Abigail Baist, Anthony Clifton, Adam Horty, Micaela Kosty, Courtney Olson, and Riddhi Patel Contributing Authors: Thomas Almonreoder

scholarly journals Interrater Reliability of Chinese Medicine Diagnosis in People with Prediabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne J. Grant ◽  
Rosa N. Schnyer ◽  
Dennis Hsu-Tung Chang ◽  
Paul Fahey ◽  
Alan Bensoussan
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Percentage Agreement ◽  
Yin Deficiency ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Validated Instrument ◽  
One Way Anova

Background. Achieving reproducibility in research design is challenging when patient cohorts under study are inconsistently defined. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis is one example where inconsistency between practitioners has been found. We hypothesise that the use of a validated instrument may improve consistency. Biochemical biomarkers may also be used enhance reliability.Methods. Twenty-seven participants with prediabetes were assessed by two TCM practitioners using a validated instrument (TEAMSI-TCM). Inter-rater reliability was summarised using percentage agreement and the kappa coefficient. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to test links between TCM diagnosis and biomarkers.Results. The two practitioners agreed on primary diagnosis of 70% of participants. kappa = 0.56 (P<0.001). The three predominant TCM diagnostic patterns for people with prediabetes were Yin deficiency, Qi and Yin deficiency and Spleen qi deficiency. The Spleen Qi deficiency with Damp cohort had statistically significant higher fasting glucose, higher insulin, higher insulin resistance, higher HbA1c and lower HDL than those with Qi and Yin deficiency.Conclusions. Using the TEAMSI-TCM resulted in moderate interrater reliability between TCM practitioners. This study provides initial evidence of variation in the biomarkers of people with prediabetes according to the different TCM patterns which may suggest a route to further improving interrater reliability.

scholarly journals The Implementation of The Balanced Critical Factor Index Methodology in the Strategy Redevelopment Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Anna Rymaszewska ◽  
Jari Koskinen ◽  
Josu Takala ◽  
Shi Zhao ◽  
Yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Factor Index ◽  
Available Technology

Abstract Strategic planning and development is a critical yet often overlooked issue in company’s operations. The planning of development as well as addressing the distribution of available resources should be done systematically rather than instinctively however, many companies still do not have any reliable method that would facilitate the decision making processes at their disposal. This article aims at presenting the innovative analytical method- Balanced Critical Factor Index (BCFI) for addressing the need for change in company’s operational strategy according to changes in available technology and knowledge. By examining a wide array of indexes, the presented method is expected to suggest the directions of development. The presented method also addresses the challenges of the complex process of decision-making. Moreover, the empirical evidence gathered in the studied case company serves as a source of important feedback regarding the further improvement of the BCFI method.

scholarly journals Radar Target Simulation for Vehicle-in-the-Loop Testing

Vehicles ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-271
Author(s):  
Axel Diewald ◽  
Clemens Kurz ◽  
Prasanna Venkatesan Kannan ◽  
Martin Gießler ◽  
Mario Pauli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Test System ◽  
Radar Signal ◽  
Radar Target ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Automotive Radar ◽  
Radar Echoes ◽  
Test Beds

Automotive radar sensors play a vital role in the current development of autonomous driving. Their ability to detect objects even under adverse conditions makes them indispensable for environment-sensing tasks in autonomous vehicles. As their functional operation must be validated in-place, a fully integrated test system is required. Radar Target Simulators (RTS) are capable of executing end-of-line, over-the-air validation tests by looping back a received and afterward modified radar signal and have been incorporated into existing Vehicle-in-the-Loop (ViL) test beds before. However, the currently available ViL test beds and the RTS systems that they consist of lack the ability to generate authentic radar echoes with respect to their complexity. The paper at hand reviews the current development stage of the research as well as commercial ViL and RTS systems. Furthermore, the concept and implementation of a new test setup for the rapid prototyping and validation of ADAS functions is presented. This represents the first-ever integrated radar validation test system to comprise multiple angle-resolved radar target channels, each capable of generating multiple radar echoes. A measurement campaign that supports this claim has been conducted.

scholarly journals Immunosuppressive agents for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of clinical trials and their current development stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2095997
Author(s):  
Julien Blaess ◽  
Julia Walther ◽  
Arthur Petitdemange ◽  
Jacques-Eric Gottenberg ◽  
Jean Sibilia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Current Development ◽  
To Come ◽  
New Treatments

Aims: With the arrival of conventional synthetic (csDMARDs), biological (bDMARDS) and then targeted synthetic (tsDMARDs) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, the therapeutic arsenal against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has recently expanded. However, there are still some unmet needs for patients who do not achieve remission and continue to worsen despite treatments. Of note, most randomized controlled trials show that, for methotrexate-inadequate responders, only 20% of patients are ACR70 responders. With our better understanding of RA pathogenesis, finding new treatments is a necessary challenge. The objective of our study was to analyse the whole pipeline of immunosuppressive and immunomodulating drugs evaluated in RA and describe their mechanisms of action and stage of clinical development. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of all drugs in clinical development in RA, in 17 online registries of clinical trials. Results: The search yielded 4652 trials, from which we identified 243 molecules. Those molecules belong to csDMARDs ( n = 22), bDMARDs ( n = 118), tsDMARDs ( n = 103). Twenty-four molecules are already marketed in RA in at least one country: eight csDMARDs, 10 bDMARDs and six tsDMARDs. Molecules under current development are mainly bDMARDs ( n = 34) and tsDMARDs ( n = 33). Seven of those have reached phase III. A large number of molecules (150/243, 61.7%) have been withdrawn. Conclusion: Despite the availability of 24 marketed molecules, the development of new targeted molecules is ongoing with a total of 243 molecules in RA. With seven molecules currently reaching phase III, we can expect an increase in the armamentarium in the years to come.

scholarly journals Interrater reliability for unilateral and bilateral tests to measure the popliteal angle in children and youth with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Cloodt ◽  
Joanna Krasny ◽  
Marek Jozwiak ◽  
Elisabet Rodby-Bousquet
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Clinical Measurement ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Short hamstring muscles can cause several problems for children with cerebral palsy. The results of the clinical measurement of hamstring length are often used in decision-making about treatment of children with cerebral palsy. There are different ways of performing this measurement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrater reliability of the unilateral and bilateral measurement of the popliteal angle in children and youth with cerebral palsy. Methods Two methods for estimating hamstring length using unilateral and bilateral measurements of the popliteal angle were applied in children with cerebral palsy. Both tests were applied bilaterally by two independent examiners on the same day for each child. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to evaluate the interrater reliability of both measurements. Seventy young people with cerebral palsy (32 females, 38 males, mean age 10 years 8 months, range 5–22 years) at Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I (n = 17), II (n = 31), III (n = 12) and IV (n = 10) were included. Results The interrater reliability was good for both measurements. The ICC values were 0.80 on the right and 0.86 on the left for the unilateral popliteal angle, and 0.82 on the right and 0.83 on the left for the bilateral popliteal angle. Conclusions Both unilateral and bilateral measurement of the popliteal angle is a reliable method for estimating hamstring length in children and youth with cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals The App Behavior Change Scale: Creation of a Scale to Assess the Potential of Apps to Promote Behavior Change (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona H McKay ◽  
Sarah Slykerman ◽  
Matthew Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Percentage Agreement ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
Scale Creation ◽  
Item Scale

BACKGROUND Using mobile phone apps to promote behavior change is becoming increasingly common. However, there is no clear way to rate apps against their behavior change potential. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop a reliable, theory-based scale that can be used to assess the behavior change potential of smartphone apps. METHODS A systematic review of all studies purporting to investigate app’s behavior change potential was conducted. All scales and measures from the identified studies were collected to create an item pool. From this item pool, 3 health promotion exerts created the App Behavior Change Scale (ABACUS). To test the scale, 70 physical activity apps were rated to provide information on reliability. RESULTS The systematic review returned 593 papers, the abstracts and titles of all were reviewed, with the full text of 77 papers reviewed; 50 papers met the inclusion criteria. From these 50 papers, 1333 questions were identified. Removing duplicates and unnecessary questions left 130 individual questions, which were then refined into the 21-item scale. The ABACUS demonstrates high percentage agreement among reviewers (over 80%), with 3 questions scoring a Krippendorff alpha that would indicate agreement and a further 7 came close with alphas >.5. The scale overall reported high interrater reliability (2-way mixed interclass coefficient=.92, 95% CI 0.81-0.97) and high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=.93). CONCLUSIONS The ABACUS is a reliable tool that can be used to determine the behavior change potential of apps. This instrument fills a gap by allowing the evaluation of a large number of apps to be standardized across a range of health categories.

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