scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C IN MULTITRANSFUSED BETA THALASSAEMIA MAJOR PATIENTS IN DISTRICT SWAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
IMRAN UD DIN KHATTAK ◽  
MUKAMIL SHAH ◽  
IMTIAZ AHMED ◽  
AMIR REHMAN ◽  
MOHAMMAD SAJID
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Thalassaemia Major ◽  
Beta Thalassaemia

BACKGROUND: Beta thalassaemia major is the commonest inherited as autosomal recessive disorder inPakistan. Almost all patients beta thalassaemia major require blood transfusion within the first two years oflife to prevent severe anaemia and its physical consequences. Due to repeated blood transfusions hepatitis Band hepatitis C infections can occur in these patients. To document the prevalence and frequency of hepatitisB & hepatitis C in multi transfused beta Thalassemia major patients in our set up.STUDY DESIGN:Aprospective descriptive study.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The study was conducted in thalassaemia care center A1 FajarFoundation Blood Transfusion ServicesSwat from 1-1-2012 to 31-12-2012.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Study was carried on 170 multi transfused thalassaemia major patientswho were registered with A1 Fajar Foundation Swat, irrespective of age, sex, time of diagnosis. Only thosepatients were included in the study who had received so far more than 10 transfusions. They were screenedfor hepatitis B and C by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The subjects were in the agesrange of 2-15 year,with 94 (55.29%) male and 76 (94:71%) female.RESULTS: Out of these 10 patients (5.88%) were found to have hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)positive and 37 patients (21.76%) hepatitis C virus(HCV) antibody positive.CONCLUSION: In spite of the fact that screened blood is used for transfusions, still a large number ofpatients have been found infected with hepatitis B and C. It has been recommended that properly screenedbloods using a reliable and accurate method are used for screening of blood to prevent transfusiontransmitted diseases. It can be avoided by giving screened safe blood.KEYWORDS: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C,Thalassaemia Major,Transfusion

scholarly journals Epidemiological Survey of the Prevalence of HCV and HBV in the Periphery of Lahore City

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khurram ◽  
Asma Irshad ◽  
Muhammad Alamgir ◽  
Usman Ayub ◽  
Haleema Sadia
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Literature Highlight

Both hepatitis C and hepatitis B are part of the major health-related issues all over the globe. Both of these are viral infections that can be disseminated via sexual contact, blood or by the use of blood products, and through methods of intra-familial transmission. Collection of blood samples of factory workers was done aseptically at KBK electronics. Overall, 272 samples of blood were taken of a variety of individuals and economically accessible ELISA (i.e. enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay) was used to screen the individuals for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) and also for anti- HCV antibodies. The screening test was done as directed by the instructions of the manufacturer. Names, gender and age group date of each person was collected. Overall, 271 examinees were inspected to check the the presence of HCV and/or HBV. The ages of all the examinees ranged from a minimum of 19 years to a maximum of 50 years of age. The complete overall pervasiveness of both HCV and as well as HBV determined as 18.4% (50/271). In contrast to HBV, HCV has a much higher ubiquity i.e. 16.17% (44/271). On the other hand, that of HBV was only 2.2% (6/271). The individuals revealed a higher percentage of positive results in hepatitis C. HBV occurrence in Lahore is much more than its neighboring areas such as Gujrat with only 0.8% prevalence, Sheikhupura with 1.6%, Narowal with 2.1%, and Hafiz Abad with 2.2% prevalence (PMRC, 2007 to 2009). The results from this study and previous literature highlight the pressing need to also conduct such kinds of experiments in even more populations because by doing so, the areas with a stronger occurrence rate of HCV and HBV can be specified and pointed out and then various methods for treating and even precluding both of these infections, can be implemented effectively.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection in repeatedly transfused thalassemics in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kheya Mukherjee ◽  
Debojyoti Bhattacharjee ◽  
Goutam Chakraborti
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Virus Infections

Background: Patients of thalassemia who are conventionally treated by a regular transfusion regimen are at a risk of developing transfusion transmissible infections, including hepatitis. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections among repeatedly transfused thalassemia patients.Methods: A total of 207 patients of beta-thalassemia, who had received at least 10 transfusions were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibody using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).Results: The overall number of anti-hepatitis C antibody seropositive was 51 (24.6%) and that for hepatitis B surface antigen positives was 7 (3.38%). The prevalence rate for hepatitis B surface antigen was in agreement with average national values, but in case of anti-HCV antibodies the prevalence rate values were comparatively much higher.Conclusions: Stringent measures need to be taken on urgent basis while screening blood for anti-hepatitis C antibody and hepatitis B surface antigen including inclusion of other sensitive assay like nucleic acid test (NAT) as well as better donor recruitment.

scholarly journals Screening of viral markers for HIV HBV and HCV infections in blood donors in France and residual risk of viral transmission by blood transfusion

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 76-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Pillonel ◽  
C Saura ◽  
A M Couroucé
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

The first part of this article presents the results of screening tests for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from 1986 to 1996. The second part presents the most recent

scholarly journals Hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C antibodies among blood donors in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1114-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ghavanini ◽  
M. R. Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Low Prevalence

We determined the prevalence rate of hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] and anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies [anti-HCV] among 7897 healthy voluntary blood donors in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran. Sera were examined for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies using a second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Positive sera for HBsAg were found in 85 [1.07%] of the individuals and anti-HCV antibodies were found in 47 [0.59%]. We compared our results with those of other studies and conclude that the prevalence rate of HBsAg in our area has decreased in the last 2 decades; from being an area of high prevalence, it is now one with moderate-to-low prevalence. Since there are few reports on the seroepidemiology of hepatitis C in the Islamic Republic of Iran, we could not assess the changes in prevalence of hepatitis C.

scholarly journals Profile of Transfusion Transmitted Infections – A Study among Blood Donors

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 861-865
Author(s):  
Lekshmi Leela Rajan ◽  
Suma M.S. ◽  
Harikumar S.
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Safe Blood

BACKGROUND Transfusion of blood and blood products is an essential component of patient care in various health care settings. Blood is collected from non-remunerated donors. Many infections can spread through the transfusion of blood and blood components. Testing of donor blood for infectious agents prior to transfusion of blood products increases blood safety. Mandatory testing of five transfusion transmitted infections is done prior to transfusion following manufacturer’s instructions and quality specifications. Prevalence study will help the blood transfusion services to select and implement the strategies effectively for blood safety. METHODS This is a descriptive study based on retrospective collection of data from available records. Donor results were recorded and maintained to ensure the traceability of specific donor. The data was collected from the blood donor records and registers pertaining to the 10 year period from 2007 to 2016. Samples seroreactive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, malaria and syphilis were recorded and analysed. RESULTS A total of 1,73,027 donors donated blood during the ten-year period. Of these 1, 65,824 were males and 7203 were females. Male to female ratio was 23:1. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroreactivity is the most common which came to about 419 in this 10-year period with a prevalence rate of 0.24 % or 24 reactive cases in every 10,000 donors. Prevalence rate of Hepatitis C and HIV infection was 0.09 % and 0.035 % respectively. Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and malaria reactivity was 0.02 %. CONCLUSIONS As safe blood supply is an important strategy of blood transfusion services, newer diagnostic tools should be implemented nationwide to overcome the problems with the window period and to detect infections with variant strains. KEY WORDS Prevalence, Transfusion Transmitted Infections, HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C, Syphilis

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Seropositivity of Mandatory Blood Transfusion Associated Diseases between Voluntary and Replacement Donors

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
Jagjeewan Ram ◽  
Lubna Khan ◽  
Namrata Nigam ◽  
Aparna Singh
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Hepatitis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

BACKGROUND Every blood transfusion is associated with 1 % chance of transfusion associated problems including transfusion transmitted blood-borne infections to its recipient. The major globally prevalent transfusion transmitted infections are human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, syphilis and malaria parasite. We wanted to compare safety of blood among replacement and voluntary donations by comparing the prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections among them. METHODS All donors were screened by enzyme-linked immunoassay for five transfusion transmissible infectious agents - human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and syphilis by collecting plasma from the pilot tube attached to the blood bag. Malaria was tested from whole blood sample. RESULTS A total of 24,491 donors was included in the study. Among them 21,090 (86.11 %) were replacement and 3,401 (13.89 %) were voluntary donors. Out of 24,491 donors, 560 (2.29 %) units tested positive. Hepatitis B virus (hepatitis B surface antigen) is found to be the most prevalent transfusion transmitted infection among both replacement donations and voluntary donations. CONCLUSIONS There should be more voluntary donations to achieve safer blood transfusion practices as self-deferral by donors with high risk condition is the most effective way to reduce prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections. KEYWORDS Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay, Hepatitis C Virus, Hepatitis, Replacement Donors, Transfusion Transmitted Infections, Voluntary Donors

scholarly journals Epidemiological Survey of the Prevalence of HCV and HBV in the Periphery of Lahore City

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khurram ◽  
Asma Irshad ◽  
Muhammad Alamgir ◽  
Usman Ayub ◽  
Haleema Sadia
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Literature Highlight

Both hepatitis C and hepatitis B are part of the major health-related issues all over the globe. Both of these are viral infections that can be disseminated via sexual contact, blood or by the use of blood products, and through methods of intra-familial transmission. Collection of blood samples of factory workers was done aseptically at KBK electronics. Overall, 272 samples of blood were taken of a variety of individuals and economically accessible ELISA (i.e. enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay) was used to screen the individuals for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) and also for anti- HCV antibodies. The screening test was done as directed by the instructions of the manufacturer. Names, gender and age group date of each person was collected. Overall, 271 examinees were inspected to check the the presence of HCV and/or HBV. The ages of all the examinees ranged from a minimum of 19 years to a maximum of 50 years of age. The complete overall pervasiveness of both HCV and as well as HBV determined as 18.4% (50/271). In contrast to HBV, HCV has a much higher ubiquity i.e. 16.17% (44/271). On the other hand, that of HBV was only 2.2% (6/271). The individuals revealed a higher percentage of positive results in hepatitis C. HBV occurrence in Lahore is much more than its neighboring areas such as Gujrat with only 0.8% prevalence, Sheikhupura with 1.6%, Narowal with 2.1%, and Hafiz Abad with 2.2% prevalence (PMRC, 2007 to 2009). The results from this study and previous literature highlight the pressing need to also conduct such kinds of experiments in even more populations because by doing so, the areas with a stronger occurrence rate of HCV and HBV can be specified and pointed out and then various methods for treating and even precluding both of these infections, can be implemented effectively.

scholarly journals Seropositivity of HBV & HCV among the Family Members of Chronic Viral Hepatitis Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Siddique ◽  
Mohammad Nezam Uddin ◽  
Kajal Kanti Das ◽  
Rajat Sanker Roy Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Global Public Health

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are the global public health challenge. Family members of the HBV and HCV infected patients have a higher risk of exposure to many blood-borne diseases including Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C viral infections as well. So the objectives of the present study was to evaluate seropositivity of HBV and HCV among family members of . chronic viral hepatitis patients. Methods: This study was conducted 80 family members of 50 patients with chronic HBV and HCV infection. After ethical clearance and written consent, 1st degree family members of those chronically infected hepatitis patients were explained about the objectives of the study and a standard questionnaire were introduced and recorded. Venous blood samples was taken from every participant with universal precautions and was tested by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Hepatitis B surface antigen, anti HCV. Data analysis was done later by SPSS. Results: Eighty family members of 50 HBV and HCV positive cases where screened where HBV infection(45;90%) was more then HCV infection(5;90%). Male were 45(56.3%) and female were 35 (43.8%) male to male ratio 1.28:1. Total 23 (28.8%) subjects were vaccinated against HBV. One subject had history of blood transfusion and dental procedure each, extramarital sex activity was found in 2 (2.5%), and sleeping in the same room was found in 31(38.6%) subjects. History analysis revealed, 3(3.8%) were positive for HBV, 29 (36.3%) were found negative and 48(60%) were unaware of their status; again 77 (96.3%) are unaware of their anti HCV status. HBsAg and Anti HCV screening status of the relatives revealed HBsAg and anti HCV was found positive in 4 (5%) and 1 (1.3%) cases respectively. .Conclusion: Relatives of the HBV and HCV infected patients are also at risk. So they should take proper preventive measures and should be vaccinated.

scholarly journals A retrospective analysis of trends of HIV and syphilis among blood donors in north India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3916
Author(s):  
P. K. Sehgal ◽  
Dinesh Garg
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
North India ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Safe Blood

Background: In India, it is mandatory to screen blood donors for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and malaria. The donor screening strategies include taking the elaborate medical history, performing preliminary clinical examination and screening for infectious markers. The infectious markers include anti-HIV (1 and 2) antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies, and malaria antigens, such as histidine rich protein (HRP) and pan-aldolase. National adult (15-49 years) HIV prevalence is estimated at 0.26% (0.22%-0.32%) in 20155 (0.30% among males and 0.22% among females). The objective of this study was to be carried out with the aim to find out the seroprevalence of HIV infection and its trend among the blood donors a hospital based blood transfusion service set up in north India over a period of six years.Methods: It was record based retrospective study from 2010 to 2015. Before donation "blood donation form" had been filled by every donor and this form had particulars about age, gender, address, and occupation, date of previous donation, any illness and medical treatment taken. The donor blood samples were collected at the time of blood donation from the primary bag and tested for the presence of HIV using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All donors were subjected to a pre-test counselling which was done by qualified staff trained to screen donors for blood donation.Results: A prevalence of 0.21% of HIV was seen among the donors from the period 2010-2015. The trend of HIV prevalence among donors has been fluctuating while ranging from 0.13% to 0.34%.Conclusions: HIV remains the major threat for transfusion transmitted infections in India. For a safe blood service in our country, where comprehensive laboratory tests are neither possible nor pragmatic, it is best to switch over to 100% voluntary donations, as it is now established that only voluntary non-remunerated regular donation is the safest. Thus, one of our key strategies to enhance blood safety is to focus on motivating non-remunerated blood donors and phasing out even replacement donors.

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