scholarly journals Spectrum of Haematological Abnormalities in Patients of Multiple Myeloma

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Aamir ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Hina Abbas ◽  
Aamir Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Plasma Cell Dyscrasia ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Lytic Lesions ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Multiple myeloma is plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells and adistinctive biological behavior. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy which primarily affects older individuals.Objective: To determine clinico-hematological profile of Multiple Myeloma patients.Material and Methods: It is a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital for a period of 6 month in which 55 patientsdiagnosed as Multiple myeloma were enrolled. Data of 55 cases of multiple myeloma was analyzed.Results: Fifty five confirmed cases of MM were identified. There were 44 male and 11 female with a male to female ratio of 2:1. Thefrequency of multiple myeloma was high in patients with age 60-69 years. The median age of all patients was 56yrs (range 34-75).Anemia was present in 96.3% of patients 51% showed thrombocytopenia and 15% showed leucopenia. 91% of patients had ESRvalues above 80mm/hr. Serum of 93% patients showed M.band in SPE. Bone marrow of 45.4% patients had 11-20% plasma cells,marrow of 20% of patients contain 21-60% cells while that of 34.5% patients contain > 60% plasma cells. It was observed thatsome of those patients with plasma cells >60% showed severe anemia, severe thrombocytopenia and severe leucopenia.Radiographic examination showed lytic lesions in all patientsConclusions: Our analysis shows that clinico-pathological features of multiple myeloma patients in Pakistan are comparable topublished data.

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of Multiple Myeloma Patients across ISS Stages – A Data Base Workup from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorjahan Mohammed ◽  
KSS Sai Baba ◽  
Yadagiri B ◽  
Sadasivudu Gundeti ◽  
Sree Bhushan Raju
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is slowly becoming a huge medical burden, challenging the health-care systems of Asian countries. Because of the unavailability of widespread access to various modalities of investigations, and paucity of well compiled data on common presenting features and various laboratory parameters in various stages of MM in India, the diagnosis is usually delayed till complications begin to occur. This study is an attempt to fill this gap and to establish database for future reference. Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary health care centre over a span of 3 years and 94 patients diagnosed as MM with complete workup including beta2 microglobulin (β2M), bone marrow plasma cell percentage, serum protein electrophoresis, serum and urine Immunofixation and serum Free Light Chains (FLC) were included. The various laboratory parameters were statistically analyzed across ISS stages I, II and III. Results: We found a male to female ratio of 1.47:1. The mean age of patients was 55.5±11.78 yrs. Backache was the most frequent presentation (30%) of the patients followed by generalized weakness (22%). The percentage of plasma cells, hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, uric acid, calcium and β2M showed significant difference across the stages. 38.3% of the patients were in stage III, 29.8% in stage II and 31.9% in stage I. IgGκ type constituted 70%, other fraction being IgGλ (10%), IgMκ (10%), IgAκ (5%) and IgAλ (5%). M band was not seen in 11% of patients.Conclusion(s): The presentation of MM is nonspecific and patient can come with varied presentations at onset. We have biochemically characterized the three stages of MM and this will form a basis for further larger studies on these lines and to develop stage-based algorithms for early and better diagnosis and prognosis of MM.

COMPARISON OF CLINICO-SOCIAL PROFILE OF PULMONARY AND EXTRA PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN A RURALAREA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Gaurav Santosh Nemade ◽  
Sumit Nitin Dhus ◽  
Arushi Ramesh Shetty ◽  
Neha Dhananjay Firake
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Tobacco Addiction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Case ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Clinical Characteristic

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The burden of tuberculosis (TB) in India is the highest accounting for 26% of the global incidence. A total of 1.4 million people died from TB in 2019 (including 208 000 people with HIV). India accounts for a fourth of the global burden of TB and 29% of global mortality. Therefore, we carried out this study to compare demographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristic between pulmonary TB (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:Aretrospective analysis was carried of 348 patients diagnosed in DOTS centre, Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni. Characteristics of demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from medical case records. RESULTS:Among the 348 cases, 71.3% were PTB and 28.7% were EPTB including, pleural (36%), meningeal (27%) and lymphatic (20%) cases. The male to female ratio in PTB and EPTB are 1.99 and 1.22 respectively. EPTB was more common at younger age (<25 years). Tobacco addiction (10.9%), diabetes mellitus (4.03%), HIV positivity (12.1%) and history of contact with Tb patients (17.7%) were more likely to be associated with PTB. CONCLUSION:Increased awareness of the risk factors may facilitate early case nding and better management outcomes for these patients.

scholarly journals Dengue Fever : Study of 100 Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
A H M Karnal ◽  
K H Mollah ◽  
A Begum ◽  
K Khoda ◽  
S Tanzeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Body Ache

Dengue is a rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide. The endemicity in Bangladesh is also increasing gradually. The study was a prospective observational one, documented the presenting features and outcome of management. It was carried out in Department of Medicine in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from June 2013 to December 2013. Total 100 admitted cases of both sera positive and sera-negative were included in this study. Detailed history was taken, clinical examination and relevant investigations were done. Out of 100 patients 54 (54%) were male and 46 (46%) were female. So male to female ratio was 1.7:1. The age of the patients ranged from 12-75 years. Among them 20-40 years age group was highest 63%. Patients of higher socio-economic group were (69%) more affected. Out of 100 cases 54 had classical dengue fever (DF), 46 had dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Antibody was positive in 81% cases. All patients presented with high fever, headache in 90%, retro-orbital pain in 45%, body ache in 56%, and backache in 48%. Leucopenia found in 60, platelet count <100x1091L was in 57, HCT- normal 17, <20% rise in 48%, ?20% rise in 28%. With proper management all patients were recovered.

scholarly journals Clinical Spectrum and Neuroimaging Changes in Neurodegenerative Disorder-Experiences in Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Gopen Kumar Kundu ◽  
Rumana Islam ◽  
Noor E-Sabah ◽  
ABM Mukib
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by progressive loss of previously acquired skills that are of varied etiology, clinical manifestations, and natural course. There is a paucity of data on clinical profile of neurodegenerative diseases in our population. We conducted a retrospective study with 68 diagnosed cases of NDD at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Among them, more than one-third of children were in 1-5 years age group. The mean age was 10.2±3.1 year and male to female ratio was 2:1. Fifty percent of cases had a history of consanguineous parents. Leukodystrophy was most common (30.88%) among NDDs, followed by Wilson disease (26.47), SSPE (22.1%), and Degenerative Ataxia (20.59%). Motor skill regression was the most common presentation (97%), followed by speech regression in 91% and Gait disorder in 83% of children. Seizure was presenting features in 24% of children. Neuroimaging abnormalities were found in 80.88% NDD cases. Among them white matter hyper intensity in 29.41%, cerabeller atrophy in 13.25 %, and cerebral atropy in 11.76% of children. Eye changes were found in about two-thirds (69.12%) of cases of NDD. Among them, optic atrophy was found in 29.41%, and KF rings in 25.00% of cases.

CLINICO-MYCOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS AND DERMATOMYCOSIS AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Kapaganty V Chakradhar ◽  
Dilruba Begum ◽  
Ruby Devi N ◽  
Raya Roja
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Mycological Examination ◽  
Male To Female

This study was conducted to determine the common isolates causing dermatophytosis and other fungi causing dermatomycosis in patients presenting with skin lesions with or without involvement of hair and nails. A total of 75 patients were included in the study with 86 distinctive clinical lesions, of which Tinea corporis (46.7%,) was the most predominant followed by T. cruris (22.7%), T. unguium (14.7%) with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. KOH mounts were made from samples and examined for fungal elements and samples were sent to Microbiology laboratory for culture, and identication among them 77.3% were skin scrapings alone and 14.7% were nail clippings along with skin scrapings and 8% were hair samples along with skin scrapings. Most common isolate was Trichophyton rubrum (40%) followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (17.3%), Trichophyton tonsurans (9.3%), Microsporum gypseum (4%) and no fungal growth was found in 17.3% of the samples. The study signies the importance of mycological examination in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF NASAL MASS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF JHARKHAND

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Md Raihan ◽  
Suraj Sinha ◽  
Sona Pathak ◽  
Sunil Kumar Mahto
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Nasal Mass ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Nasal mass is abnormal growth in the nose, which may be benign or malignant and may be unilateral or bilateral. Nasal masses in most patients present with complaints of nasal obstruction. It may cause nasal discharge, epistaxis and anosmia. A nasal mass can have various differential diagnosis which this study aims to explore. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of histopathologically diagnosed cases of nasal masses for a period 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019. Results: Out of 95 patients 55 (57.89%) male and 40 (42.10%) female, male to female ratio is 1.37:1 with a mean age of 23 years (range= 2-63 years). Most of the cases 94(98.95%) were non-malignant and only 1(1.05%) was malignant (Adenoid cystic carcinoma). Malignancy of sinonasal tract is rare. Conclusion: With this study we can say that nasal masses are more common in males than females, adults age groups affected more than elderly age groups. It is also inferred that most of the nasal masses are benign in nature and very few cases are malignant in nature.

scholarly journals A study on incidence of various allergens involved in allergic contact dermatitis by patch testing among 150 patients in a tertiary care hospital in South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
V. N. S. Ahamed Shariff ◽  
K. Deepa ◽  
L. Balamurugan ◽  
S. Nirmala
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Patch Testing ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
Male To Female

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic contact dermatitis is common dermatoses seen among patients attending dermatology clinics. Allergic contact dermatitis is due to delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction. The diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis is made by patch testing. A positive reaction to a patch test commonly proves the cause of dermatitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study was conducted<strong> </strong>to estimate the incidence of various allergens among 150 patch test positive patients with allergic contact dermatitis who had attended the dermatology OPD in Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, between October 2014 and September 2016. All the details regarding history, examination findings, investigations and patch test results were collected from case records, the data were tabulated and analysed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Allergic contact dermatitis to cement was the commonest (44.7%), followed by nickel (10%) and plant antigens (9.3%). The commonest allergen to be tested positive was Potassium dichromate (82 cases), followed nickel (15 cases) and formaldehyde (8 cases). Most of the patients were in the age category between 41 and 50 years (47 cases– 31.33%). Male to female ratio was 2.41:1. 14 were atopic individuals (9.33%) by Hanifin and Rajka's criteria. Allergic contact dermatitis in 103 cases of our study were of occupational in origin (67%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Avoidance of allergen and proper preventive measures in workplace and day to day activities will lead to significant decrease in the morbidity of the disease and improvement in quality of life in patients with allergic contact dermatitis. </p>

scholarly journals SPECTRUM OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN THE MEDICINE WARDS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN GOA

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Ana Soraya Monteiro ◽  
Edwin Gomes ◽  
Tabitha Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Direct Injury ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Acute kidney injury is characterized by an increase in serum creatinine and/or a decrease in urine output. It can be classified as pre-renal, renal, or postrenal in cause and can be attributed to a local or systemic event - due to direct injury to the kidney or through indirect impediment of renal function. Objective: To determine the prevalence and spectrum of acute kidney injury in the medicine wards of a tertiary health care centre in Goa. Method: A case series was conducted on 100 patients admitted for AKI, or developed it during the hospital stay. Results: AKI was more common in males, with a male to female ratio of 3.5:1, and more prevalent in the age groups of 25-34 and 45-64 years. The dialysis requirement was 28% and mortality was 28.12%. There was no significant association between dialysis and survival rate. Conclusion: Acute Kidney Injury contributes to the morbidity and mortality of hospitalized patients as well as a burden of cost to the community at large. If anticipated, it is easily prevented and if detected early, it can be skilfully treated and reversed.

scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF UTTARAKHAND

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumar Shukla ◽  
Vikas Shrivastava ◽  
Mansi Kala ◽  
Kunal Das ◽  
Anuradha Kusum
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lymphoid Malignancy ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Rouleaux Formation

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hemato-lymphoid malignancy of B-cell type. It occurs due to the accumulation of malignant monoclonal plasma cells. The exact incidence of MM in India is not well-known. The current study presented the clinical characteristics, radiological findings and laboratory findings of MM patients who were initially treated at the tertiary care centre, Dehradun, Uttarakhand (India). Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of the medical records of 123 consecutive patients with MM who were initially presented to Hemato-Oncology department during the period from January 2014 to December 2018.  Peripheral blood finding, bone marrow diagnosis, flow-cytometry analysis, serum protein and immunofixation electrophoresis finding, biochemical parameter, histo-pathological and cytological diagnosis, if any, urine examination finding and radiological examination of cases shall be compiled and tabulated. Diagnosis of symptomatic multiple myeloma was done based on The International Myeloma Working Group criteria for the diagnosis of MM. Result: The study included 123 cases of multiple myeloma with male: female ratio of 2:1, mean age of 59.88 ±11.08 years and range of 32-87 years. The back pain (n=106, 86.2%) was the common presenting complaint followed by inability to walk (n=90,73.2%). CT scan and/or MRI scan finding of MM patients, the lytic lesion was found in 107 patients (87%) and was found significant with its correlation with ISS/DS plus staging system (pvalue 0.013). The most location was dorso-lumbar spine (n=72, 67.28%) followed by skull (n=37, 34.58%) and ribs (n=19, 17.75%). Hemoglobin (Hb) analysis showed 92.7 % (n=114) cases were anemic with mostly had normocytic (n=95,77.2%). 62.6%(n=77) of cases showed rouleaux formation while 23.57% (n=29) cases were circulating plasmacytoid lymphocytes or plasma cells. The raised ESR values was found in 89.33% (n=67) of cases. Diagnosis of cases shows 99.2% (n=122) of cases diagnosed as secretory MM while 1 (0.8%) case diagnosed as non-secretory MM.  Conclusion: MM is a disease with a inconsistent clinical presentation with multiple system involvement. Younger age of disease onset is some noteworthy features of myeloma in Uttarakhand state of India. Bony pain associated with generalized weakness is the commonest presentation, normocytic normochromic anemia with rouleaux formation, raised ESR, raised total protein with hypoalbuminemia, hypercalcemia, presence of M band and presence of >10% plasma cell in bone marrow is clue to diagnosis in MM cases .  Keywords: Multiple Myeloma, Uttrakhand, Hemato-lymphoid malignancy

scholarly journals Primary Nasal Tuberculosis: Resurgence or Coincidence − A Report of Four Cases with Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 026-030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Khan ◽  
Mukta Pujani ◽  
Sujata Jetley
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Antituberculous Treatment ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain ◽  
Male To Female

ABSTRACT Background: Primary nasal tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of TB even in areas with high TB incidence. It is timely diagnosis and proper management are often delayed due to its rarity and nonspecific clinical presentation. Aim: The aim of the study was to review histopathologically diagnosed cases of nasal TB over a period of 1 year and to describe its clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, the importance of histopathological diagnosis along with a brief review of the literature. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study done in the Department of Pathology of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Delhi over a period of 1 year where all the cases with histopathological diagnosis of nasal TB were reviewed. Patients’ clinical details, investigations and treatment details along with follow‑up were obtained from the medical records section. For each case, routine hematoxylin and eosin stain were studied along with Ziehl–Neelson staining. Results: A total of four patients were diagnosed with nasal TB histopathologically. Patients’ age ranged from 5 to 34 with an equal male to female ratio. All patients were immunocompetent. Primary nasal TB was seen in all of the four cases. None of the cases, it was clinically suspected, and histopathology was the mainstay of diagnosis. All the cases were treated with antituberculous treatment and showed considerable improvement. Conclusions: Although nasal TB is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic nasal symptoms and granulomatous lesions of the nose. Histopathology plays an important role in the diagnosis of these clinically unsuspecting cases of nasal TB.

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