scholarly journals Climate Change with Reference to Green Economy: Carbon Accounting of Hamdard University

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nabeel Ashraf, Prof. Dr. Syed Shabib-ul-Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Change World

Hamdard University is one of the biggest private sector universities in Pakistan. It is a not-for-profit organization whose objective is to serve people of Pakistan with excellent education system while taking care external factors into consideration, as a part of its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), especially the environment which is a key concern due to the climate change. This research paper focusses on measuring the carbon footprint or performing the carbon accounting of Hamdard University and to measure its share in climate change. Primary data, which is necessary to measure carbon footprint, have been taken by direct reporting and site surveys. Methodology and secondary data regarding the emission factors have been taken from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, World Resources Institute, Word Bank, Greenhouse Gas Protocol, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The carbon footprint of Hamdard University is 1786.2019 tonnes of CO2-e in 2018 which is 0.000547% of Pakistan 2014’s total GHG emission. Scope 1 emission constitutes 54.14% of total GHG emission which is mostly caused by the fuel combustion by varsity’s transport followed by scope 2 emission caused by purchased electricity which constitutes 45.32% of GHG total emission. Scope 3 emission is because of official air travel which is not significant, hence, constitutes 0.54% of total GHG emission.

scholarly journals Community Adaptation Model of Food Security Due to Global Warming in Kulon Progo

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Rum Giyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s surface. According to the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) average temperature of the Earth’s surface was global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the 0.74 ± 0.18 0C (1.33 ± 0.32 F) over the last hundred years. The impact of rising temperatures is the climate change effect on agricultural production. If the community does not craft made adaptation to global warming will have an impact on food security. This research aims to know the society’s adaptation to food security as a result of global warming and to know the influence of global warming on food security. The research was carried out based on survey methods. The influence of global warming on food security is identified with a share of household food expenditure and the identification of rainfall. Sampling was done by random sampling. The Data used are the primary and secondary data. Primary Data obtained through structured interviews and depth interview using a questionnaire while the secondary data retrieved from publication data of the Central Bureau Statistics B(BPS), Department of Agriculture and Climatology Meteorology and Geophysics (BMKG). The expected results of the study is to know variations of food security due to global warming in Kulon Progo Regency. Comprehensive knowledge through community participation and related Government increased food security that is used as the basis for drafting the model society’s adaptation to the impacts of global warming.

scholarly journals Livelihood Vulnerability of Fishery-based Communities in Context of Climate Change: Insights From and Around Selective Fishing Grounds of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Aparupa Sinha ◽  
Anupam Das
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Recent Climate

The 4th Assessment Reports prepared by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2007 reported serious concerns which directly affect the livelihoods of millions of coastal habitants and fishing communities. This study mainly concentrates on the awareness regarding the climate variability and vulnerability exposed by climate change on the marine fishing communities based on their Socio-Demographic Profile, Livelihood strategies, Social Networks, Health, Water, Natural disasters and Climate Variability and Knowledge and Skills; which are divided into three main components of vulnerability (IPCC): Exposure, Sensitivity and Adaptive Capacity. Here, we have chosen the three major functioning fishing harbours of this district are Lakshmipur Abad of Namkhana, Kalinagar of Kakdwip and Sultanpur of Diamond Harbour with their respective fish landing centers. The primary data used is based on a purposive sampling survey of 150 household of fishing communities and the secondary data about recent climate variability and extreme events was collected from official records. This study used the participatory tools and methods in order to generate qualitative and quantitative information about climate change impacts and community based adaptation strategies to climate change. The study reveals that the most important climate-related elements of exposure are the storms and cyclones. We have also found that studied villages are highly populated and competing for limited resources, furthermore lack of economic opportunities like agriculture in coastal areas making these communities already vulnerable along within higher sensitivity and lower adaptive capacity combine to create higher vulnerability.

scholarly journals Climate Change Impact in Charlands in Central Area of Bangladesh: Assessing Vulnerability and Adaptation by the Farming Communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
BK Roy ◽  
MB Ullah ◽  
MH Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cold Wave ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Climate Change Assessment

Bangladesh, with an area of 147 thousand km2 and population of 149.78 million, is prone to natural hazards (PHC, 2011). The objectives of the study were to determine the climatic parameter specially temperature and rainfall pattern, assess hazard, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. Assessment was made during April to June 2013 in char areas of Kazipur upazila under Sirajgonj district. Primary data were collected through Focus Group Discussions and direct observation of the researcher. Secondary data were collected from various publications of government and non-government agencies. Workshops were also conducted at union and upazila level to justify, validate and improve the findings from village levels discussion. Major vulnerabilities faced by the char (island) people were drown of children and old people, lack of safe drinking water, close institutions, crackdown of embankments and roads, river erosion, stagnant water, infertility of cultivable lands, deposits and on crop field, submerse of crops, float away of fishes from ponds, PPR disease of goats, sell cattle at lower price, migration, increase abduction and robbery, increase lightning and cold wave. The major adaptation practiced by the char people was raise homesteads, articulate extra pipes with the tube wells, repair embankments and roads, plant tree seedlings, cultivate advanced crops, vegetables in floating beds, drought tolerant crops, cold wave tolerant and early maturity crop, vaccinate the cattle, drill deep tube wells and reserve fodder (CVCA, 2012).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22205 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 59-63 2014

scholarly journals Estimating GHG Emission Level from Oil and Gas Offshore Production Facility

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 09004
Author(s):  
Satya Pinem ◽  
Mahawan Karuniasa ◽  
Chairil Abdini
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Offshore Production ◽  
Tier 1

Oil and gas (O&G) production activities emits greenhouse gases (GHG) which must be well estimated to improve accountability and formulating efficient mitigation. The Indonesia’s GHG emission reported thru Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) was estimated by Tier-1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) method, while the O&G company adopts different methodology. This leads to asynchronous GHG emission contribution of this industry to national GHG emission. This paper aims to estimate the GHG inventory from O&G offshore production facility by using American Petroleum Institute (API) Compendium Methodology and compare it with Tier-1 IPCC Methodology. It found that GHG emission estimated by API method is significantly lower than IPCC method. Both methods shown fuel combustion sources are the dominant. GHG emission sources from fuel combustion and flaring have been well identified, but emission sources from venting and fugitive need to be improved. Moreover this study identified that to have more accurate national GHG inventory, the GHG calculation method might be different for each industry segment. This evaluation could improve the future national GHG inventory and as reference for the industry. National emission factors database for O&G industry segment is highly suggested to be developed.

scholarly journals Managing the Water-Energy Nexus within a Climate Change Context—Lessons from the Experience of Cuenca, Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5918
Author(s):  
Gianoli ◽  
Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Water Energy Nexus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Metabolic Cycle

The impact of climate change dynamics has a multiplicative effect when the interlinkages between water and energy are considered. This also applies to climate change co-benefits that derive from adaptation and mitigation initiatives implemented at the urban level and that address the water-energy nexus. A better understanding of the water-energy nexus is a precondition for integrated resource planning that optimizes the use of scarce resources. Against this background, the paper assesses the potential impact of water-energy saving technologies (WEST) on the water-energy nexus of Cuenca, Ecuador, focusing on how vulnerability to climate change may affect the water metabolic cycle of the urban area. Water-energy saving technologies such as rainwater harvesting, solar water heaters, and micro water turbines, reduce water-related energy consumption and mitigate greenhouse gases emissions; thereby illustrating the potential to generate climate change mitigation and adaptation co-benefits. The paper relies on primary data collected through interviews and a survey as well as secondary data in order to assess the extent to which water-energy saving technologies influence the water-energy nexus in Cuenca’s urban water metabolic cycle. Within the context of climate change, the paper develops a business-as-usual scenario and assesses how this is modified by the implementation of water-energy saving technologies.

scholarly journals Assessing community resilience to natural disaster and climate change in Maitara Island, North Maluku-Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ridwan Lessy ◽  
Jefry Bemba ◽  
Nani Nagu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Resilience Index

Small Islands face some of the main problems of any coastal area due to climate change and natural disasters. This study aims to analyze the resilience of coastal communities on a small island in terms of disasters and climate change, and to identify the strategies and adaptations that communities have undertaken as anticipatory for disaster and climate change in the future. Qualitative analysis combined with quantitative methods is used in this research to provide a clear estimate of the categories of resilience in each village. The primary data was collected by using interviews and focus discussion group and secondary data acquired through the documentation on related stakeholders. The resilience index provided by the Ministry of Maritime and Fisheries Affairs is used to categorize the resilience scales of villages. The results of this study show that the human aspects and natural resources aspects have high scores in resilience, but disaster and climate change aspects; environmental/infrastructures aspects; and economic aspects should be improved. Furthermore, the community had been taking participation in disaster mitigation.

scholarly journals Assessing Local Vulnerability to Climate Change by Using Livelihood Vulnerability Index: A Case Study of Dipang Watershed in Central Himalaya Region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
Kapil Dhungana ◽  
Harish Bahadur Chand ◽  
Dinesh Bhandari ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change

The current study uses the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change livelihood vulnerability index (IPCC-LVI) approaches to assess household’s livelihood vulnerability in the Dipang watershed located in the Central Himalayan region of Nepal. Primary data was collected through various participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools such as direct observation, key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FGDs) and household surveys. Similarly, data on climatic variables were collected from the nearby meteorological station over 30 years (1987-2018). The mean annual average temperature increased by 0.036°C while the average rainfall decreased by 2.30 mm. Respondents perceived a similar trend of rising temperatures, decreasing rainfall intensity, dryness in the atmosphere, and dwindling water sources. The overall LVI score (0.416) indicated that the households are vulnerable to climate change. Food (0.642) and natural disasters and climate variability (0.566) were the most vulnerable among all contributing factors. Similarly, the overall LVI-IPCC score (0.104) indicated that the households were moderately vulnerable due to high exposure (0.566), sensitivity (0.448), and low adaptive capacity (0.334). The study findings suggest an urgent need to reduce high exposure to climate risks, improved livelihood strategies, and boost agricultural productivity and health in the watershed area.

scholarly journals KAJIAN KERENTANAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM BERBASIS DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (STUDI KASUS SUB DAS GARANG HULU)

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muchtar Efendi ◽  
Henna Rya Sunoko ◽  
Widada Sulistya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRAK Dampak terhadap pemanasan global adalah terjadinya perubahan iklim yang berpengaruh terhadap kondisi ekosistem Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). Kondisi ini menyebabkan penurunan tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat dan meningkatkan tingkat kerentanan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis tingkat kerentanan masyarakat terhadap perubahan iklim di Sub DAS Garang Hulu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-eksploratif dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode kombinasi kualititatif dan kuantitatif (mixed method). Data sekunder dikumpulkan melalui kegiatan studi literatur dan desk study. Data primer berupa persepsi masyarakat dengan wawancara mendalam dengan metode purposive sampling. Penilaian kerentanan masyarakat terhadap perubahan iklim menggunakan fungsi dari tiga komponen, yaitu paparan, kepekaan, dan kemampuan adaptasi. Hasil analisis kerentanan masyarakat ditampilkan dalam bentuk peta-peta dengan bantuan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kerentanan masyarakat terhadap perubahan iklim didominasi dalam kategori rendah sampai dengan sedang dengan persentase 73.83%. Daerah yang memiliki kerentanan tinggi adalah daerah Kecamatan Ungaran Timur dan kelurahan Sukorejo di Kota Semarang. Kata Kunci : DAS, Kerentanan, Paparan, Kepekaan, Kemampuan Adaptasi ABSTRACT The impact of global warming is climate change affecting the condition of Watershed Ecosystem. This condition causes the decreasing in the level of social welfare and the increasing  level of vulnerability of  living community. This study was aimed  to analyze the level of vulnerability of living communities due to climate change in Garang Hulu sub-watersheds . This research was a descriptive-explorative approach by using a combination of qualititative and quantitative methods (mixed method). Secondary data were collected through the study of literature and desk study. Primary data were taken in the form of public perception along with  indepth interviews. Respondents were chosen through purposive sampling method. Assessment of the  social vulnerability to climate change was using a function of three components, namely the exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability. The results of the vulnerability analysis were presented in the form of maps using the GIS. The study results showed that the level of vulnerability of communities to climate change was dominated by low category to moderate with the percentage of 73.83%. Areas that had a high vulnerability were East Ungaran local district and Sukorejo village in Semarang. Key Words : watershed, vulnerability, exposure, sensitivity, adaptability.

scholarly journals Impacts of climate change on shrimp farming in the South-West coastal region of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
Md Adibul Islam ◽  
Md Shariful Islam ◽  
Md Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
South West ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The inhabitants of south west region of Bangladesh are prone to floods, cyclones, salinity intrusion and droughts, and the incidence of these hazards is rising. Recently two cyclones (known as Aila and Sidr) hit the southwest region of Bangladesh. Considering the above in view, research had been conducted for understanding the impacts and adaptation measures through sustainable coastal resources management in the cyclone affected greater Khulna areas. The present study was carried out (from January to June, 2011) to understand impacts of climate change on the shrimp farming, hatchery and nursery operations in the selected upazilas (Paikgacha and Shyamnagar). The study was conducted both primary and secondary data sources. To collect primary data different methods had been adopted which were informal interview, a pre-formulated questionnaire survey and Focused Group Discussion (FGD). In the study areas, about 80-90% people are involved with shrimp farming with 10-15 years experience. About 60% shrimp farmers thought that the weather has changed abruptly within the last 5 years. The study showed that the first and foremost factor is high temperature (49.5%). Majority (43.21%) encountered that temperature hampered the farm operation while lower growth (54%), low production (19%), loss of crops (13%), less water (4%), mortality (4%), and diseases (4%) occurred due to less rainfall or no rain. From the study, farmers (80%) reported susceptibility of shrimp to diseases in body deformation, spots or lesions on skins while 13.33% mentioned fry susceptibility to diseases. Some time oriented and need based adaptations in shrimp farming are now most concern. Government and other stakeholders should come forward to execute research for adaptations.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 227-239, April 2016

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