scholarly journals ABOUT DEMENTIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shorena Vashadze
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Term ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Memory Deterioration

Dementia is a general term used to describe a loss of memory that keeps getting worse - or is 'progressive'. There can be many different causes, they will all involve loss of memory, but they have other symptoms which are different according to the cause. Dementia often starts off with just memory problems, but can also involve: difficulty planning and carrying out day-to-day tasks, difficulty communicating and changes in mood, judgement or personality. Aim of this article is to identify spread of dementia in 200 patients who have not been diagnosed before . Research was done in ONCO center of Adjara during 2014-2015 , involved 200 patients , female-130 , male-70, . For diagnosis of dementia we studied anamnesis, physical data, psychic and cognitive development of patient, family members were questioned often because of the difficulties patients had to explain symptoms they experienced. All patients had CT scan and evaluated bey Vavilov Method. Arterial Hypertension ,Discirculatory encephalopathy -171, Cancer-5 , Parkinson disease-10 , endocrine disorders-14 , family history of dementia -3 were noted in patients . From 200 patient examined 170 were diagnosed with dementia , Light dementia(10%). experienced memory deterioration Average quality dementia (55%) , During severe dementia (35%). Some risk factors for dementia, such as genetics and age . Cannot be changed. but researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia.

Stress, Cortisol and Suicide Risk

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Brian O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
The Impact

Suicide is a global health issue accounting for at least 800,000 deaths per annum. Numerous models have been proposed that differ in their emphasis on the role of psychological, social, psychiatric and neurobiological factors in explaining suicide risk. Central to many models is a stress-diathesis component which states that suicidal behavior is the result of an interaction between acutely stressful events and a susceptibility to suicidal behavior (a diathesis). This article presents an overview of studies that demonstrate that stress and dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, as measured by cortisol levels, are important additional risk factors for suicide. Evidence for other putative stress-related suicide risk factors including childhood trauma, impaired executive function, impulsivity and disrupted sleep are considered together with the impact of family history of suicide, perinatal and epigenetic influences on suicide risk.

scholarly journals Risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus and impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on maternal and fetal health during the antenatal period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Jain ◽  
Kusumlata Singhal ◽  
Shikha Jain ◽  
Deepali Jain
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Antenatal Period ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of dysglycaemia that occurs for the first time or is first detected during pregnancy. The adverse effects of GDM on pregnant women are pre-eclampsia, PIH, PPH, polyhydramanios, PROM, meanwhile, there would be an increase in dystocia, birth injury, and cesarean sectionMethods: This retrospective study was conducted in a Gynecology clinic in District Shivpuri to find out the various risk factors for GDM and to evaluate the impact of GDM on maternal and fetal health during the antenatal period. 84 patients who were diagnosed with GDM were included in the study. Results: Among risk factors; BMI >25 kg/m2 before pregnancy was found in 15.47% of the case, family history of diabetes mellitus 8.33%, Previous history of macrosomia 17.85%, Poor reproductive history 17.85%, baby with congenital malformation 8.33%, H/o unexplained IUFD 11.90%. H/o polyhydramnios 15.47%. History of PCOS 13.09% and preeclampsia was found in 17.85% of cases. In antenatal complications; miscarriages was found in 15.47%. polyhydramnios in 17.85%. Oligohydramnios in 8.33%, preterm labor in 11.90%, PROM in 9.52%, pre-eclampsia in 17.85%, sudden IUFD in 8.33% and congenital malformation was found in 4.76% of cases. On USG; IUGR was found in 7.14% of cases. Large for date fetus in 16.66% of cases and the normal growth was found in 76.19% of cases.Conclusions- In conclusion appropriate and timely diagnosis and treatment of GDM will result in decreased maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes comparable to general population rates, therefore, early diagnosis is important.

scholarly journals 575. Evaluation of Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S271-S271
Author(s):  
Gauri Chauhan ◽  
Nikunj M Vyas ◽  
Todd P Levin ◽  
Sungwook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) occurs with enhanced frequency in hospitalized patients and are usually associated with poor clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and clinical outcomes of patients with VRE infections. Methods This study was an IRB-approved multi-center retrospective chart review conducted at a three-hospital health system between August 2016-November 2018. Inclusion criteria were patients ≥18 years and admitted for ≥24 hours with cultures positive for VRE. Patients pregnant or colonized with VRE were excluded. The primary endpoint was to analyze the association of potential risk factors with all-cause in-hospital mortality (ACM) and 30-day readmission. The subgroup analysis focused on the association of risk factors with VRE bacteremia. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the impact of different treatment groups of high dose daptomycin (HDD) (≥10 mg/kg/day) vs. low dose daptomycin (LDD) (< 10 mg/kg/day) vs. linezolid (LZD) on ACM and 30-day readmission. Subgroup analysis focused on the difference of length of stay (LOS), length of therapy (LOT), duration of bacteremia (DOB) and clinical success (CS) between the treatment groups. Results There were 81 patients included for analysis; overall mortality was observed at 16%. Utilizing multivariate logistic regression analyses, patients presenting from long-term care facilities (LTCF) were found to have increased risk for mortality (OR 4.125, 95% CI 1.149–14.814). No specific risk factors were associated with 30-day readmission. Patients with previous exposure to fluoroquinolones (FQ) and cephalosporins (CPS), nosocomial exposure and history of heart failure (HF) showed association with VRE bacteremia. ACM was similar between HDD vs. LDD vs. LZD (16.7% vs. 15.4% vs. 0%, P = 0.52). No differences were seen between LOS, LOT, CS, and DOB between the groups. Conclusion Admission from LTCFs was a risk factor associated with in-hospital mortality in VRE patients. Individuals with history of FQ, CPS and nosocomial exposure as well as history of HF showed increased risk of acquiring VRE bacteremia. There was no difference in ACM, LOS, LOT, and DOB between HDD, LDD and LZD. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Pregnancy failure in patients with obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome with conventional treatment: the influence of a triple positive antibody profile

Lupus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
J O Latino ◽  
S Udry ◽  
F M Aranda ◽  
S D A Perés Wingeyer ◽  
D S Fernández Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

Conventional treatment of obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome fails in approximately 20–30% of pregnant women without any clearly identified risk factor. It is important to identify risk factors that are associated with these treatment failures. This study aimed to assess the impact of risk factors on pregnancy outcomes in women with obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome treated with conventional treatment. We carefully retrospectively selected 106 pregnancies in women with obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome treated with heparin + aspirin. Pregnancy outcomes were evaluated according to the following associated risk factors: triple positivity profile, double positivity profile, single positivity profile, history of thrombosis, autoimmune disease, more than four pregnancy losses, and high titers of anticardiolipin antibodies and/or anti-βeta-2-glycoprotein-I (aβ2GPI) antibodies. To establish the association between pregnancy outcomes and risk factors, a single binary logistic regressions analysis was performed. Risk factors associated with pregnancy loss with conventional treatment were: the presence of triple positivity (OR = 5.0, CI = 1.4–16.9, p = 0.01), high titers of aβ2GPI (OR = 4.4, CI = 1.2–16.1, p = 0.023) and a history of more than four pregnancy losses (OR = 3.5, CI = 1.2–10.0, p = 0.018). The presence of triple positivity was an independent risk factor associated with gestational complications (OR = 4.1, CI = 1.2–13.9, p = 0.02). Our findings reinforce the idea that triple positivity is a categorical risk factor for poor response to conventional treatment.

scholarly journals Risk factors of bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease and «OVERLAP» syndrome asthma-COPD among adults in Ekaterinburg

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
V C Abdullaev ◽  
E K Beltyukov ◽  
V V Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Actual Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over 40 Years

Topicality. Prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) and COPD achieves in different countries 18 and 20% respectively. The prevalence of «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD in Russia is unknown. Objective. To determine the prevalence ofBA, COPD and «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD. Materials and methods. The study included a survey using a specially developed questionnaire to identify asthma-like symptoms (ALS), risk factors for BA, COPD, and the definition of FEV^ FEV^FVC in adults in Ekaterinburg. Results. The study has revealed that the risk factors for developing ALS are exposure to tobacco smoke and age over 40 years. The impact of allergens and family history of allergy are less significant. Decrease of spirometry indices is associated with smoking, age over 40 years and the presence of ALS. The diagnostic criteria for the «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD were developed based on the answers to the questionnaire on ALS, risk factors and the results of the screening spirometry. Conclusions. Preliminary prevalence ofBA, COPD, «OVERLAP» syndrome - ASTHMA/COPD and actual risk factors have been established in Ekaterinburg in 2018. Unfavorable situation with prevalence of smoking in Ekaterinburg has been showing.

P1395The role of hyponatremia in the development of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pavlikova ◽  
A Shevelyok ◽  
N Vatutin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Sodium Level ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Serum Sodium Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common complication after cardiac surgeries. Age, valvular heart disease, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a history of AF are well known risk factors for postoperative AF. On the other hand, hyponatremia is also a frequent disorder in patients undergoing cardiac surgery but its relationship with AF has not been studied. Purpose. We evaluated the impact of hyponatremia on the incidence of postoperative AF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods. The retrospective study included case history of 222 patients (174 men and 48 women, median age 64.5 [range 58.0; 69.0] years) who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between January 2015 and December 2018.  In all patients intraoperative sodium level was analyzed. Hyponatremia was defined as serum sodium level &lt; 135 mmol/l. Primary outcome was the episode of AF in postoperative period. Results. The incidence of postoperative AF was 18.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 14.1-24.3 P = 0.05). Patients with AF more often had obesity, diabetes mellitus and a history of myocardial infarction and were more likely to perform combined surgery compared to non-AF patients (all Ps &lt; 0.05). The prevalence of hyponatremia was significantly higher among AF group compared with non-AF (95.2% versus 77.8%, P = 0.017). Hyponatremia was the independent risk factors of postoperative AF in Cox regression models adjusted for covariates (odds ratio 5.31; 95% CI 1.42-18.7; P = 0.017). Conclusion.  In this analysis serum sodium level was closely associated with the risk of AF. These findings suggest that hyponatremia may cause the development of postoperative AF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

The impact of family history of diabetes on risk factors for gestational diabetes

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Retnakaran ◽  
Philip W. Connelly ◽  
Mathew Sermer ◽  
Bernard Zinman ◽  
Anthony J. G. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Risk Factors and the Impact of Hernia Development on Technique Survival in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Feng Yang ◽  
Chia-Jen Liu ◽  
Wu-Chang Yang ◽  
Chao-Fu Chang ◽  
Chih-Yu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Hernia Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesThere is a lack of consensus on the risk factors for hernia formation, and the impact on peritoneal dialysis (PD) survival has seldom been studied.MethodsThis was a population-based study and all collected data were retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Patients who commenced PD between January 1998 and December 2006 were screened for inclusion. Multiple logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate the predictors for hernia formation and determine the predictors of PD withdrawal.ResultsA total of 6,928 PD patients were enrolled and followed until December 2009, with 631 hernia events and 391 hernioplasties being registered in 530 patients (7.7%). The incidence rate was 0.04 hernias/patient/year. Longer PD duration (per 1 month increase, hazard ratio (HR) 1.019) and history of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) (HR 1.584) were independent risk factors for hernia formation during PD, and female gender (HR 0.617) was a protective factor. On the other hand, there were 4,468 PD withdrawals, with cumulative incidence rates of 41% at 1 year, 66% at 3 years, and 82% at 5 years. Independent determinants for cumulative PD withdrawal included hernia formation during PD (HR 1.154), age (per 1 year increase, HR 1.014), larger dialysate volume (per 1 liter increase, HR 0.496), female gender (HR 0.763), heart failure (HR 1.092), hypertension (HR 1.207), myocardial infarction (HR 1.292), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (HR 1.227), cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (HR 1.364), and history of MVP (HR 0.712)ConclusionsProlonged PD duration was a risk factor for hernia formation, and female gender was protective. Hernia formation during PD therapy may increase the risk of PD withdrawal.

scholarly journals The impact of parental risk factors on the risk of stroke in type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Ylinen ◽  
◽  
Stefanie Hägg-Holmberg ◽  
Marika I. Eriksson ◽  
Carol Forsblom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Parental Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Individuals with type 1 diabetes have a markedly increased risk of stroke. In the general population, genetic predisposition has been linked to increased risk of stroke, but this has not been assessed in type 1 diabetes. Our aim was, therefore, to study how parental risk factors affect the risk of stroke in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Methods This study represents an observational follow-up of 4011 individuals from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study, mean age at baseline 37.6 ± 11.9 years. All strokes during follow-up were verified from medical records or death certificates. The strokes were classified as either ischemic or hemorrhagic. All individuals filled out questionnaires concerning their parents’ medical history of hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and/or myocardial infarction. Results During a median follow-up of 12.4 (10.9–14.2) years, 188 individuals (4.6%) were diagnosed with their first ever stroke; 134 were ischemic and 54 hemorrhagic. In Cox regression analysis, a history of maternal stroke increased the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, hazard ratio 2.86 (95% confidence interval 1.27–6.44, p = 0.011) after adjustment for sex, age, BMI, retinal photocoagulation, and diabetic kidney disease. There was, however, no association between maternal stroke and ischemic stroke. No other associations between parental risk factors and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were observed. Conclusion A history of maternal stroke increases the risk of hemorrhagic stroke in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Other parental risk factors seem to have limited impact on the risk of stroke.

Venous thromboembolism – prevalence and risk factors in chronic venous disease patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalibor Musil ◽  
Markéta Kaletová ◽  
Jiří Herman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Family History ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Aims This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with chronic venous disease and the impact of some intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. Methods A retrospective study on 641 outpatients (489 women) with primary chronic venous disease (C0–C6). The prevalence of venous thromboembolism was evaluated according to sex, age, BMI, the presence of ≥1 first-degree siblings diagnosed with venous thromboembolism, CEAP clinical class, smoking and the use of hormone therapy. Results Venous thromboembolism episodes occurred in 32 patients (5%) with no gender predominance (OR 1.49, 95% CI = 0.90–2.45; p = 0.146). There was no increased RR of venous thromboembolism in the age group 46–69 years compared with patients aged ≤45 years ( p = 0.350). In persons aged ≥70 years, the risk of venous thromboembolism was 3.2 times higher than in patients aged 46–69 years and 4.78 times higher than in patients aged ≤45 years. The risk of venous thromboembolism rose very significantly in obese compared with normostenic patients ( p = 0.002). There were significantly more venous thromboembolism episodes in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (55.3%) than patients with varicose veins (44.7%) ( p < 0.001). A family history of venous thromboembolism ( p = 0.12), smoking ( p = 0.905) and hormone therapy ( p = 0.326) were not associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Smoking was a risk factor in obese patients ( p = 0.033), but the combination of obesity, smoking, estrogens in women did not increase the risk of venous thromboembolism. Conclusions The 5% prevalence of venous thromboembolism episodes in patients was comparable with the prevalence of venous thromboembolism in the general European population. Age ≥70 years and obesity were strongly associated with an occurrence of venous thromboembolism. Obese patients with chronic venous disease were at higher risk for venous thromboembolism than obese people in the general population. A family history of venous thromboembolism, smoking and estrogens alone or in combination were not revealed as significant risk factors.

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