scholarly journals Correlation of Clinico-Histopathological Findings in Leprosy Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital, Bhilai, CG

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneshwari Dewangan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Leprosy Patients

Background: Leprosy continues to be public health problem in India. In India, Chhattisgarh state is having the highest prevalence rate of 2.33 per 10000 populations presently. Leprosy expresses itself in different clinics - histopathological forms depending on the immune system the host. Objective: To find the strength of the relationship between clinically diagnosed leprosy patients with histopathological findings. Materials & Methods: This was a prospective study was carried out on 42 new cases of leprosy attending the outpatient department of dermatology and venereology of J. L. N. Hospital and Research Centre Bhilai Steel Plant Bhilai from March 2009 to December 2010 & all the patients were included after taking informed consent. All the cases were subjected detailed history and through clinical examination & histopathological examination of skin tissue as per the structured pro forma. Results: The Male female ratio was 1:1. Majority of the patients were belonged to the age group between 41 to 60 years. Overall positive correlation found between Clinico - histopathological was 0.69. Majority of the patients were found in the borderline tuberculoid leprosy in Clinically & Histopathological findings. The overall agreement was good between clinical spectrum and histopathological findings. Conclusion: In some early cases, clinical signs and symptoms may precede the presently known characteristic tissue changes or vice versa. If a biopsy is taken at an early stage, there is likely to be discordance between the clinical and histopathological observations. Keywords: Leprosy, Clinical Examination, Histopathological Examination, Strength of relationship.

A STUDY ON CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOME OF SNAKE ENVENOMATION IN CHILDREN AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL JHALAWAR, RAJASTHAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Bansal ◽  
Kalu Ram Meena
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: Snake bite is generally considered to be a rural problem and has been linked with environmental and occupational condition is a neglected public health problem. Method: This study was conducted in children admitted with snake bite in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in the year 2019. Their demographic details, site of bite, arrival time, 20Minutes Whole Blood Clotting time, clinical signs and symptoms, complications and outcome were measured. Results: The male: female ratio was 1.33:1. Peak age group affected was 6 to 12 years old children. Lower limbs were commonly bitten. 88.1% of children arrived in the hospital between 0 and 6 hours after the bite. Pain and swelling at the site of bite were the most common symptom of envenomation. There were only two deaths during the study period. Conclusion: Snake bite is a life threatening emergency. Identification, timely diagnosis and early administration of anti-snake venom will certainly aid to curb mortality in snake bite.

scholarly journals Palonosetron for the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: a comparative study in a tertiary care hospital from India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2197
Author(s):  
Shubhatara Swamy ◽  
Vijaya Rajendran ◽  
Durga Prasan ◽  
Pratibha Nadig
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Despite advances in symptom management, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains one of the most dreadful consequences of cancer therapy.Methods: The study was carried out at Medical Oncology Department, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore. Hundred and forty-four cancer patients of either sex, aged 18-65 years with adequate blood counts requiring moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) as per Hesketh classification were included. The patients were prospectively divided into two groups before the initial cycle of chemotherapy. Patients in Group A (n=71) received ondansetron, and dexamethasone along with aprepitant capsules, Whereas, Group B (n=73) received palonosetron, and dexamethasone along with placebo capsules, 30 minutes before chemotherapy. Thereafter the patients were administered with the drugs and observed for nausea and vomiting. The efficiency of both regimens was assessed by adopting validated functional living index emesis (FLIE) questionnaire. Analysis of the data was done using the SPSS 21.0 software.Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.5 years and the male to female ratio was 1:2.4. In all the patients, no changes were detected in the ECG readings after MEC. The nausea and vomiting score were comparable in both groups. No significant difference (p>0.05) was noticed between group A and group B in both mm and in FLIE points. No serious adverse events were found relating to antiemetic treatment.Conclusions: Palonosetron in combination with corticosteroids was non inferior to ondansetron in combination with aprepitant and corticosteroids in controlling acute and delayed stages of CINV in patients requiring MEC. Thus, it can be recommended as first-line therapy for patients treated with MEC.

scholarly journals Study of clinico-epidemiological profile of leprosy patients at tertiary care centre of South Gujarat region

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Kautuk K. Patel ◽  
Anjum M. Momin ◽  
Ankita A. Mistry ◽  
Jignesh B. Vaishnani
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy is a chronic feared illness causes by <em>Mycobacterium leprae</em>. It was eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2005. But still, India contributes more than 60% of all new cases of leprosy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis of 307 patients attending the leprosy clinic of the dermatology out patient department, SMIMER, was done for a period of five years from January 2014 to December 2018. The data was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 307 patients visited the leprosy clinic during the study period. More than half patients (60.3%) were between 21-40 years age group. There were 213 males and 94 females with male female ratio of 2.3:1. 72.3% (222) patients were suffering from multibacillary leprosy and 27.7% (85) had paucibacillary disease. Borderline tuberculoid leprosy was the most common type found in 83 patients (27.1%). 16 cases (5.2%) of childhood leprosy (less than 14 years of age) were noted. A total of 214 patients (69.7%) were migrants.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Despite of decline at global and national level, leprosy cases show gradual increase. The high proportion of total cases, MB cases, and grade 2 disability cases are warning signs. Continued efforts are required to manage and prevent the disease.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Resurgence of leprosy in post elimination era

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Swapna Subhash Khatu ◽  
Nachiket Madhukarrao Palaskar ◽  
Garima Laxminarayan Balpande ◽  
Nitin Dinkar Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leprosy Case ◽  
Leprosy Patients

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy is a slowly progressive mildly infectious disease caused by <em>Mycobacterium leprae</em> primarily affecting skin and peripheral nerves. After introduction of multidrug therapy in the country recorded leprosy case load has come down. In December 2005, India announced elimination of leprosy as public health problem at national level under the NLEP but new cases are still being registered.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a hospital based cross sectional study conducted on over 109 leprosy patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Narhe, Pune during the period from 1<sup>st</sup> January 2018 to 31<sup>st </sup>December 2018. The statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version (16.0) was used to analyze the data (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Statistical significance was declared at p&lt;0.05 or mentioned otherwise.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 109 patients, 57 were new and 52 were old. Maximum patients belong to age group 40-49 years, 25 patients had type 1 reaction and 18 had type 2 reaction. Out of which 83 were on treatment and 12 are defaulter, 9 were in relapse, 6 patients released from treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In post elimination era of leprosy still new cases have been registered and hence the burden and morbidity of the disease is still high in the community. It strongly suggests that by early detection, increasing the duration of treatment and by increasing the community awareness, utilizing information, education and communication at all levels, we can hope to reduce the burden of disease in the community and to achieve the dream of leprosy free India.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Clinical study and management of non-thyroidal neck swellings

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4485
Author(s):  
Virendra Athavale ◽  
Sree Kumar Balasubramanian ◽  
Trupti Tonape ◽  
Shivamurti Khandalkar ◽  
Keerti Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Pulmonary Medicine ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: Swellings in the neck are common and are encountered frequently in General Surgery. A diagnosis may be possible based on clinical examination alone but, investigations are required to clarify the diagnosis and, to exclude a diagnosis of malignancy. With this background, the present study is conducted in an effort to find out the causes for non-thyroidal neck swellings, and to assess the various investigations and management available for treating these neck swellings.Methods: The study was conducted on newly diagnosed non thyroidal neck swelling cases coming to the Dept. of General Surgery, ENT, Oro- Maxillofacial and Pulmonary Medicine (OPD and IPD), Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune. The study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2019. Data collection included history taking, clinical examination, and radiological investigation and histopathological examination by specific pathologist throughout the study. After confirmation of diagnosis, patients were subjected to further management.Results: Among 100 patients, male to female ratio was 1:1. The Mean age of the participants is 40.41±12.85 years. There was statistically significant association between tobacco addiction and malignant neck swelling. Considering HPE as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosis is 81.8% and 100% respectively.Conclusions: The overwhelming amount of possible diseases linked to a swelling in the neck, makes it of utmost importance to follow a strict protocol for appropriate diagnosis making and prompt treatment so as to prevent diagnostic delay. 

scholarly journals Clinico-etiological study of erythroderma cases from tertiary care hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 502
Author(s):  
Harish Gangaraju ◽  
Raghu M. T. ◽  
Yogendra M. ◽  
Virupakshappa H. E. ◽  
Ashwini S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Histopathological Correlation

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Erythroderma is a cutaneous morphological reaction pattern of skin having many underlying causes and finding the etiology helps in the proper management of erythroderma cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study was performed at the department of dermatology, Basaveshwara Medical College, Hospital and Research center, Chitradurga. Authors studied 30 consecutive cases of erythroderma from July 2017 to June 2019 with respect to the epidemiological, clinical and histological data. Clinico-histological correlation was analyzed for etiology of erythroderma.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of onset was 35.03 years with a male to female ratio of 3:2. In addition to erythrema and scaling that were present in all patinets, other co-existent features included were pruritus (43.3%), fever (23.3%), and edema (16.7%). Of the pre-existing dermatoses, psoriasis was the most common (36.6%) disease followed by eczema (26.7%), drug-induced erythroderma (16.7%), colloidan baby (3.3%), pityriasisrubrapilaris (3.3%) and in 13.3% of cases, etiology could not be ascertained. Clinico-histopathological correlation could be established in 73.3% of cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In all erythroderma cases cutaneous features were identical irrespective of etiology. Detailed history, clinico-histopathological examination and other necessary haematological investigations helps to establish the etiology of erythroderma which helps in further management.</p>

scholarly journals Clinico-epidemiological study of leprosy from a North Indian tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Mohammad Adil ◽  
Syed Suhail Amin ◽  
Mohd Mohtashim ◽  
Sabha Mushtaq ◽  
Mehtab Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
One Year ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy was eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2005. Yet, more than 60% of all new cases of leprosy are reported from India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis of the records of patients attending the leprosy clinic of the Dermatology Out Patient Department was done for a period of one year from May 2017 to April 2018. The data was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 225 patients visited the leprosy clinic during the study period. Almost half of all patients (47.1%) were aged between 21-40 years. Among the patients were 32 children (14.2%) below 16 years. There were 60 patients (26.6%) suffering from paucibacillary disease and 158 patients (70.2%) had multibacillary disease. Seven patients (3.2%) presented with other forms of leprosy like historic leprosy and pure neuritic leprosy. Borderline lepromatous leprosy was found to be the commonest subtype seen in 86 patients (38.2%). There were 152 males (67.6%) and 73 females (32.4%). The male female ratio was 2.08:1. A total of 118 patients (52.4%) were from rural background and 107 (47.6%) hailed from urban areas. Multibacillary disease was seen in 83.6% of the total females compared to 63.8% of males.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Leprosy may be down but is not yet out. The high proportion of children diagnosed with leprosy is a warning regarding the active transmission of the disease in the community. Continued efforts are required to prevent the disease from making a resurgence.</p>

scholarly journals Clinical spectrum and out comes of snake bite patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital , A prospective observational hospital based study

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Anand ◽  
Owais Ahmed ◽  
Vijay Kundal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Snake Bites

Background: Snakebite is a major public health problem and its prevalence is high in India. Insufficient epidemiological data and global neglect of this condition prompted the World Health organization to recognize it as a ‘‘neglected tropical disease’’ Objective: To study demographic characteristics of snakebite victims, to see clinical symptoms of bite and outcomes of snakebite. Methods: A prospective observational hospital-based study carried out from November 2016 to October 2017, in patients with a history of snakebite. Results:Total 300 patients were included in this study,170 (56.67%) were bitten by heamotoxic snakes and 130 (43.33%) were bitten by neurotoxic snakes. Majority of patients  were in the age group of 20-39 years  ( n=153; 51%). Men outnumbered women( n=190; 63.33%), with male to female ratio of 1.7: 1. Higher incidence of snake bite was found in July – September (n=135;45.00 %) followed by April to June( n=124; 41.33%).Majority of patients were farmers in rural areas ( n=242; 80.80%).Out of 300 patients,80required ICU care.In patients with neuroparalytic snake bites, clinical features were; ptosis (n=126; 96.92%),ophthalmoplegia  (n=98; 75.38%),respiratory paralysis (n=60; 46.15%),bulbar weakness ( n=74; 56.92%) andabdomen pain(n=25; 19.23%).Clinical features in patients of haemotoxic snake bites were ; bleeding from bite site(n=110; 65.29%) , cellulitis(n=100; 58.82%), gum bleed(n=53; 31.18%), ecchymosis(n=49; 28.82%),epistaxis(n=27; 15.82%),gastrointestinal bleeding(n=25; 14.71%) andhaemoptysis(n=19; 11.18%). Complications  observed  were  acute kidney injury ( n=62; 20.67%) , respiratory failure ( n=51; 17.00%) , DIC( n=7; 2.33%) and  ARDS( n=5; 1.67%) . Out of 170 hemotoxic snake bite patients, 157 (92.35%)  patients  recovered  and 13 (7.65%) patients  died and out of 130 neurotoxic snake bites, 124 (95.39%) patients  recovered and 6 (4.61%)  patients   died, overall mortality was 6.3%. In our study, bite to needle time  was less than 1 hour in 47 patients (15.66%), less than  6 hrs in 120 patients (40%) and more than 24 hours in 45 (15%). Conclusion: Snakebite is common in adult males between 20 to 50 years and the commonest site is the lower limb. The majority of the victims are farmers who work in fields. A maximum number of cases presented within 1-6 hours of bite using a tourniquet on the affected limb as first aid. The complications and mortality of snakebite are high.

scholarly journals A histopathological study on cholecystectomy specimen in a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL2) ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Volga Harikrishnan ◽  
Padmapriya B S ◽  
Chitra Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Cholecystitis ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Macroscopic Findings

Gallbladder is a pear shaped organ and the main function of it is to store and concentrate the bile secreted by the liver and then deliver it into the intestine for digestion and absorption of fat. Congenital anomalies, inflammation, benign and malignant tumors can occur in the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed general surgery procedures. The principle aim of this study is to review the pathology results from gallbladder specimens sent for routine pathology with clinical parameters correlation. A retrospective study of 115cholecystectomy specimens for a period of 6 months in the year 2018 was carried out. All specimens subjected for histopathological examination and the clinical correlation was done. Commonest age group being 41-45 years (25%) with the male female ratio of 1:1.7. Most common lesions were Chronic calculouscholecystitis constituting 67 (58%) followed by chronic cholecystitis 24 cases (21%). Acute calculouscholecystits constitute 4 cases (3.5%), acute cholecystitis and acute or chronic cholecystitis constitutes 9 cases (8%).One case of adenomyoma (0.8%) and incidentally detected Gall bladder adenocarcinoma (0.8%) were diagnosed. Spectrum of lesions that affect the gallbladder necessitates the importance of histopathological examination of all cholecystectomy specimens with or without abnormal clinical, radiological and macroscopic findings.

scholarly journals Self-administered medical abortion pills: evaluation of the clinical outcome and complications among women presenting with unsupervised pill intake to a tertiary care hospital: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3424
Author(s):  
Shreya Singh ◽  
Sheela Shivamonga Rangappa
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Abortion ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: In India, it is becoming a public health problem due to easy over-the-counter abortion pill availability despite the legal ban, widespread misuse by non-allopath doctors, dais and quacks, and ignorance on part of women. The pills are being dispensed blindly without proper medical evaluation and even without ruling out the contraindications. In India, abortion facility is available legally under the MTP act, 1971.Methods: Its cross-section study including 81 patients presenting to outpatients and emergency department of obstetrics and Gynecology, in RL Jalapa Hospital and Research Centre affiliated to Sri Deva Raj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar between December 2020 and February 2021, a study conducted among women with a history of unsupervised pills abortion pill intake.Results: In the study 35% were in the age group 19 to 20 years, 45% were in the age group 21 to 25 years and 20% were in the age group 26 to 30 years. 55% were from joint family and 45% were from nuclear family, 76.2% were multigravida and 23.8% were primigravida.Conclusions: This study shows strict legislation and restriction required the sale of abortion pills for public use. The drug should be available only via health care facilities under the super version during an abortion. Creating awareness regarding contraception and effective method to fulfil the unmet need for contraception will be useful avoid the harmful practice of self-administered abortion pills and reducing maternal mortality.

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