scholarly journals Outcome of tonsillectomy in children without the use of postoperative antibiotics at two tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Saqib Aziz Dawar ◽  
Saba Rehman ◽  
Humera Khan Dawar ◽  
Abid Salahuddin ◽  
Aziz Khan Dawar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Secondary Hemorrhage ◽  
Keywords Tonsillectomy ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Introduction: Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antimicrobial resistance and unnecessary costs. Although early studies reported improved outcomes following use of perioperative antibiotics for tonsillectomy, more recent studies have not been able to demonstrate a significant benefit on post tonsillectomy morbidity. Objective: To determine the need for postoperative antibiotics in children undergoing tonsillectomy under aseptic conditions at two tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. Materials & Methods: Children aged 5-14 years admitted to the departments of Otorhinolaryngology-A unit of Hayatabad Medical Complex and Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar from March 01, 2018 to September 30, 2018 for recurrent sore throat and recurrent quinsy were included in this quasi-experimental study based on prospective data collection and convenience sampling. Children with blood dyscrasias, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and cardiopulmonary diseases were excluded. Routine preoperative investigations were done, and all were given postoperative analgesics. The patients were divided into two consecutive groups of 60 each; Group-A was given Co-amoxiclav 20mg/5mg/kg/day for 10 days and Group-B was not given any antibiotic. During their stay in the hospital and on follow up they were asked about pain via Visual Analogue Scale, and presence of fever and/or bleeding were documented. Results: Of 120 children, 50 (41.6%) were males and 70 (58.4%) were females, of ages 05-14 years; 01(1.6%) from Group-A and 01(1.6%) from Group-B presented with reactionary hemorrhage. However, 01(1.6%) from Group-A and 25(40%) from Group-B presented with secondary hemorrhage for which they were readmitted and put on injectable antibiotics. Similarly, 05(8.3%) from Group-A and 14(23.3%) from Group-B presented with pain for which pain killers were prescribed. Conclusion: Post tonsillectomy antibiotics may have a role in reducing the morbidities associated with the procedure in our setup. Keywords: Tonsillectomy; Postoperative Infections; Antibiotic Resistance; Hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of the efficacy of voglibose and metformin combined with insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2255-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kothai Ramalingam ◽  
Veenah Ganesan ◽  
Sooraj Sasi ◽  
Surya Shanmugam ◽  
Arul Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals ◽  
Salem District

The present study was conducted to assess the efficacy of metformin and voglibose combined with insulin in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. It is a retrospective study was conducted in tertiary care hospitals of Salem district Tamil Nadu with 120 patients who are taking either metformin and insulin or voglibose and insulin according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The total number of patients were divided into two groups each consist of 60. Group A was the patients prescribed with metformin and insulin and group B was the patients prescribed with voglibose and insulin. The average efficacy of metformin and voglibose combined with insulin for 10 days, 20 days, 30 days & 40 days were compared using FBS, PPBS, RBS and HbA1C values. The result shows that patients treated with metformin and insulin, the average efficacy of FBS levels on 10, 20, 30 and 40 days were 22.96%, 27.46%, 30.49% and 36.78% respectively. Whereas in the case of voglibose and insulin the efficacy was 23.48%, 28.38%, 32.57%, 40.47% for 10, 20, 30 and 40 days respectively.In the same way, the PPBS, RBS and HbA1C levels were also calculated. While comparing both the groups of patients, the average efficacy of treatment with voglibose and insulin was more effective than metformin and insulin in the tertiary care hospital of Salem district.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SINGLE-DOSE PREGABALIN ON POSTOPERATIVE PAIN IN DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY SURGERY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1553-58
Author(s):  
Sana Abbas ◽  
Saquib Naeem ◽  
Amjad Akram ◽  
Beenish Abbas ◽  
Rashid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Opioid Administration ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To evaluate the analgesic potential of pregabalin in ambulatory dacryocystorhinostomy surgeries under general anaesthesia. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Tertiary Care Hospital Rawalpindi, from Nov 2019 to Sep 2020. Methodology: A total of 110 patients undergoing ambulatory dacryocystorhinostomy surgery at our hospital were included in the study. Participants were divided into two groups, group A (n=55) were administered 150 mg oral pregabalin, while a placebo was given to participants of group B (n=55). Post-operative pain was assessed at recovery, four and eight hours after surgery with the help of the visual analogue scale. Results: Mean age of participants was 43.05 ± 7.5 years. Gender wise distribution showed 62 (56.4%) males and 48 (43.6%) females. At recovery, four and eight hours after surgery the mean pain scores in group A (pregabalin) vs group B (placebo) were (2.98 ± 0.8 vs 4.98 ± 0.8, p<0.001, 2.67 ± 0.6 vs 5.02 ± 0.8, p<0.001 and 1.49 ± 2.9 vs 2.95 ± 0.8, p<0.001 respectively). Opioid administration frequency in trial versus placebo group was [11 (20%) vs 32 (58.2%), p<0.001]. Conclusion: Pregabalin has analgesic potential moreover decreased postoperative consumption of opioids and associated adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting. Hence making it a suitable agent for pain relief in ambulatory surgeries.

scholarly journals Conventional versus Flap Tracheostomy: Operative Simplicity, Stomal Care, Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Diptanshu Mukherjee ◽  
Saikat Samaddar ◽  
Titas Kar
Keyword(s):  
Operative Time ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group B

Introduction Tracheostomy is a life saving procedure and its operative principle has withstood the test of time although the operative techniques have evolved. Inferiorly based flap on the anterior tracheal wall (Bjork flap) was demonstrated in 1952. The present study aims to compare conventional tracheostomy with flap tracheostomy. Materials and Methods A Randomized Control Trial was conducted in a tertiary care teaching medical institute comparing conventionally tracheostomised patients (Group A) with the group where flap based method was followed (Group B). Results The study population was comprised of 110 patients with equitable distribution in the groups. Per-operative time to establish an airway was measured and statistically correlated. 9.26% patients of Group A had difficult tube change, with none in Group B. Ease of stomal care by the patient and family members (Visual Analogue Scale), depicted it to be “very easy” in 76.36% of the patients in Group B and 16.36% in Group A. Stomal healing in first week was proper in 61.82% of patients in Group A and 80% of the patients in Group B. Tracheo-cutaneous fistula (TCF) developed in 18.18% of the adult and geriatric patients of Group A undergoing stomal closure. None of the patients in Group B had TCF following stomal closure. Conclusion Establishing Bjork flap tracheostomy is equally quick making the process suited for emergency situations. Flap based tracheostomy has early stomal maturation so, care of the stoma by health assistants and family members is easy.

COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF MOBILIZATION AND SELF-EXERCISES IN ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS OF SHOULDER

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Khan ◽  
Ghazala Noor Nizami ◽  
Ali Farhad
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of mobilization and self-exercises in the management of adhesive capsulitis of shoulder STUDY DESIGN Randomized Control Trial SAMPLE SELECTION 30 patients of adhesive capsulitis of shoulder from physiotherapy department of tertiary care hospitals of Karachi were selected through simple random sampling technique. PROCEDURE Treatment was continued for 5 days per week for the period of 3 weeks followed by assessment. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A was treated with midrange mobilization while group B performed self-exercises. Both groups received TENS and hot pack prior to the exercises. Mean ± SD, frequencies and percentages were used for descriptive analysis. ROM via goniometry and pain intensity through VAS was analyzed by paired t-test within the groups and by independent t-test between the groups, using SPSS. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS 60% were females (n=18) and 40% were males (n=12) with mean age of 50.17±6.37 years. Significant improvement (p-value <0.05) in pain and shoulder ROM was observed among patients of Group A as compared to Group B. Pain intensity was decreased to 1.67 ± 0.62 in group A, whereas ROMs in these patients were also better than other group.

scholarly journals Post-Operative Outcomes of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion on Major Abdominal Surgery in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Control Trial in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Nirupama Saha ◽  
Nadiuzzaman Khan ◽  
Mirza Kamrul Zahid ◽  
Shah Alam Talukder ◽  
ASM Meftahuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Major Abdominal Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Lidocaine ◽  
Operative Outcomes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group B

Background: Post-operative outcomes of a major abdominal surgery depend on careful & effective post-operative management. But it is a critical job especially in children. Obtaining adequate analgesia after major surgery is a problematic issue and postoperative pain still imposes a major burden of suffering in surgical patients.Objectives: The principle objectives of the study is to evaluate the effects of intravenous lidocaine infusion in pain management of pediatric population undergone in major abdominal surgery; to reduce post-operative morbidity & enhance better surgical outcome in children.Methodology: This is a randomized control trial carried out from January 2015-June2015,in a tertiary care hospital among 60 cases of 4 to 14 years children with major abdominal surgery without having any pulmonary, cardiac, hepatic or renal insufficiency. Grouping of patients that is lidocaine infusion group (Group A) and control group (Group B) was made among admitted cases for elective abdominal surgery by simple random technique by means of lottery. For assessment of postoperative pain FLACC Scale was used in both groups. Clinical examination findings & specifically designed data collection sheet with a set questionnaire were used as research instruments. Formulated data was analyzed by SPSS version 17, taking p value <0.05 as significant.Results: It is noted that, after 24 hours of operation most of the patients 56.7% of group A had mild pain whereas 90% patients of group B had moderate pain (p<0.001)& during that time there was no patient with severe pain in group A whereas in group B 10% patients were with severe pain. At 48 hours, pain was absent in 13.3% children of group A and 6.7% in group B. In group A most of the children 76.7%had mild pain compared to moderate pain 18 (60%) in group B children at that hours (P<0.001). Again, regarding required amount of analgesics, patients received I/V lidocaine required less amount of analgesics than its counterpart. In present study, complications was noted only 3.3% patien in group A, where as in the opposite group it was found in 23.3% & p was <0.05. In group A, in 50% patients post operative bowel sound was returned within 72 hours, compared to 73.3% patients in group B. The p value was 0.001. About post-operative hospital stay, 83.3% children of the group A were released from hospital after 5th P.O.D whereas, in group B, only 50% children were released after 7th P.O.D of operation. The P value was 0.03 that is also significant.Conclusion: Intravenous lidocaine could improve immediate and late post-operative pain with early recovery after major abdominal surgery in children & it can contribute to rapid postoperative rehabilitation programs.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 23-27

A Comparative Study on Engineering Student's Performance between the Single-Gender Classroom and Co-educational Classroom: A Case Study of Islamic University of Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Faruq Bashir ◽  
Farouque Ahmed Haolader
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Single Gender ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The purpose of this research was to conduct a comparative study to find out which setting performs better between students in the Co-educational Instruction setting and Students in the Single-gender Instruction set. In this research process, the researchers compared the performance of students who receive instruction in a single-gender classroom with the performance of other students who receive instruction in a co-educational classroom. The study population was 756 students of single and mixed-gender streams, classified into two groups (A & B). Out of this, one single-gender male class of 268 students (group A) and one COED class of 488 students (group B) were sampled from the Islamic University of Technology (IUT) in Bangladesh. The research adopted a quasi-experimental research design. The instruments used for data collection were the summative assessment of both groups' first and second-semester results that serve as test instruments. Frequency counts and the Arithmetic means were used for descriptive analysis. The independent sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses. Social learning theory emphasizes the importance of biological, social, and cultural impacts on human behavioral development and learning, especially on gender and genders specific traits and roles. Based on the analyses and interpretation of the data, the researcher found that male students perform better academically in single-gender classes, contrary to their academic performance when mixed with females in the same classes. Thus, single-gender instruction could be a more favorable environment for male students than a co-educational instruction environment.

scholarly journals Palonosetron for the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: a comparative study in a tertiary care hospital from India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2197
Author(s):  
Shubhatara Swamy ◽  
Vijaya Rajendran ◽  
Durga Prasan ◽  
Pratibha Nadig
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Despite advances in symptom management, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains one of the most dreadful consequences of cancer therapy.Methods: The study was carried out at Medical Oncology Department, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore. Hundred and forty-four cancer patients of either sex, aged 18-65 years with adequate blood counts requiring moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) as per Hesketh classification were included. The patients were prospectively divided into two groups before the initial cycle of chemotherapy. Patients in Group A (n=71) received ondansetron, and dexamethasone along with aprepitant capsules, Whereas, Group B (n=73) received palonosetron, and dexamethasone along with placebo capsules, 30 minutes before chemotherapy. Thereafter the patients were administered with the drugs and observed for nausea and vomiting. The efficiency of both regimens was assessed by adopting validated functional living index emesis (FLIE) questionnaire. Analysis of the data was done using the SPSS 21.0 software.Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.5 years and the male to female ratio was 1:2.4. In all the patients, no changes were detected in the ECG readings after MEC. The nausea and vomiting score were comparable in both groups. No significant difference (p>0.05) was noticed between group A and group B in both mm and in FLIE points. No serious adverse events were found relating to antiemetic treatment.Conclusions: Palonosetron in combination with corticosteroids was non inferior to ondansetron in combination with aprepitant and corticosteroids in controlling acute and delayed stages of CINV in patients requiring MEC. Thus, it can be recommended as first-line therapy for patients treated with MEC.

scholarly journals Evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness of vitamin D3 injections in common warts in a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Sushmalatha Banoth
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Common Warts ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Warts or verrucae are the benign cutaneous manifestations caused by human papilloma virus. The treatment of wart possess a therapeutic challenge, as a result multiple modalities are existing for the treatment of cutaneous warts, which is cumbersome and may result in cosmetic disfigurement, chances of recurrences. The aim of the present study was to determine the resolution of common warts in response to vitamin D3 injections and to compare the resolution of common warts in the group receiving vitamin D3 with placebo group receiving normal saline.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 26 patients were enrolled and divided into Group A- received lesional injection of 0.2 ml vitamin D3 every 3 weeks for 3 months for the improvement in the size of warts. Group B- received 0.2 ml of normal saline injections as a control. The maximum of three sessions were carried in both groups. Clinical assessment was done by photographic evaluation at baseline, before each treatment session, and after completion of treatment.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In group A, 76.92% (10) of the patients showed complete clearance of wart with vitamin D3 injection, while in group B 8% (1) of patients with normal saline showed partial response. This therapy was well tolerated except for the minimal side effects like pain, redness and swelling at the site of injection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Intralesional Vit D3 injections may be a treatment option for warts, which has a good cosmetical acceptance and simple, well tolerated easily administrated in outpatient clinic rather than conventional treatment.</p>

scholarly journals Epigastric pain after intravenous administration of oxytocin in patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section: A quasi experimental study comparing intravenous bolus with infusion technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Ali Kashif ◽  
Rizwana Bashir Kiani ◽  
Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Ghulam Sabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Intravenous Bolus ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Lower Segment Cesarean Section ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Infusion Technique

Aim: To compare the frequency of epigastric pain and uterotonic effect of an equivalent dose of oxytocin administered as an intravenous bolus versus intravenous infusion during elective LSCS under spinal anesthesia. Methodology: We recruited 98 parturients undergoing elective LSCS under spinal anesthesia for this prospective quasi experimental study and divided them into two groups. Group-A received 5 IU of oxytocin as bolus intravenous (IV) injection in 5 sec (bolus group, n= 48), and Group-B (infusion group, n= 50) received 5 IU of oxytocin as an infusion over 5 min. Any complaint of epigastric pain by the patients was noted and its frequency was compared between the two groups. The uterine tone was assessed as adequate or inadequate by an obstetrician. The data were entered into SPSS version 22. Patient demographic data were analyzed with independent samples T-test and the study data were analyzed with Chi‑square test and presented as n (%). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Epigastric pain was noted in 25 (52.03%) out of 48 parturients in Group-A and 15 (30%) out of 50 in Group-B (p = 0.026). There was no significant difference in the uterotonic effect of oxytocin between the two groups (p = 0.736). Conclusion:  We conclude that oxytocin infusion is associated with lower frequency of epigastric pain in elective LSCS when compared to intravenous bolus of an equivalent dose of oxytocin, However, the effect on uterine contractions was adequate with both methods. Citation: Kashif A, Kiani RB, Shabbir SMA, Mahmood T, Sabir G, Fatima NE, Khan WA. Epigastric pain after intravenous administration of oxytocin in patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section: A quasi experimental study comparing intravenous bolus with infusion technique. Anaesth pain intensive care 2020;24(1):_ DOI: https://doi.org/10.35975/apic.v2i1. Received – 20 February 2019; Reviewed – 4, 16 March, 25 June, 9 September, 2, 25 November, 10 December 2019, 7 January 2020; Revised – 19 June, 10 August, 29 September, 1 November 2019, 6 January 2020; Accepted – 10 January 2020;

scholarly journals A prospective study of lornoxicam as pre-emptive analgesic in abdominal surgeries in tertiary care hospital in Salem, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1778
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ziauddin Sarkhil ◽  
Hemant Kumar Dutt ◽  
Rajaram S.
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Open Appendectomy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Analgesic Regimen ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pain Rating Scale

Background: Preemptive analgesia, involves the introduction of an analgesic regimen before the onset of noxious stimuli, with the goal of preventing sensitization of the nervous system to subsequent stimuli that could amplify pain.Methods: To determine the efficacy and safety of Lornoxicam when administered preemptively by using Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating scale. The patients undergoing abdominal surgery were randomly categorized into group A and B of 25 each. Group A- Received Lornoxicam 8mg (1ml) one hour before surgery. Group B- Not received any analgesic before surgery. Primary measurement of the efficacy was done by using Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hour. All parameters were analyzed by using student t test.Results: Surgeries which were included in the study are hernia repair, open appendectomy, laparoscopic (appendectomy, cholecystectomy). Reduction in pain scores at 12th hourly and 24th hourly pain scores (<0.05) was significant. Tramadol usage decreased significantly with laparoscopic surgeries.Conclusions: In this study we could demonstrate that lornoxicam when used preemptively reduces the pain score slightly and reduces the requirement of post-operative analgesics significantly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document