scholarly journals A systematic literature review: Apology and request strategies in English by Libyan university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1058-1074
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abulqasem Mohammed Elasfar ◽  
Dr. Hema Rosheny Binti Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
University Students ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Strategy Method ◽  
Review Procedure ◽  
Request Strategies

Much research has been done in the realization of apology and request speech act but very few have explored this in the context of Arabic language. We perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) process in this paper to gather and analyze studies to identify the diverse apology and request strategies preferred by Arabic learners of English and the influence of culture and social distance on them. The strategies employed and the speech acts along with the native and foreign dialects and pragmatism involved are researched. Following a predefined review procedure, we identified 15 literature papers within the years 2016-2020 presenting research on apology and request strategies preferred by Arabic learners of English. The studies are gathered from various resources and illuminate the apology and request strategies in different contexts. We analyzed the papers to understand the preferred strategy method chosen and the logic behind it. Moreover, this study presents a related discussion and conclusions.

scholarly journals Speech Acts across Cultures: A Comparative Study of Chinese and Pakistani Students’ Request and Politeness Strategies

sjesr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Amina Shahzadi ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar Bhatti ◽  
Munir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Request Strategies ◽  
Esl Learners

The examines are the different request strategies in English used by Pakistani and Chinese students according to social distance and power of interlocutors. Data comprises students from Pakistan and China enrolled in an undergraduate program at International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. Blum-Kulka, House, and Kasper's (1989) taxonomy of request strategies is taken as a theoretical framework to compare the request speech act patterns of Pakistani and Chinese students. This study analyzed the request speech act in terms of head act strategies used by participants. Blum-Kulka et al. (1989) categorized the request speech act into three request strategies i.e. direct, conventionally indirect, and non-conventional indirect strategies. The study identifies similarities between Pakistani ESL learners and Chinese EFL learners in making use of mood derivable as the preferred strategies for making requests in situations of different social distance, power, and familiarity between the interlocutors.

Computer Science Unplugged: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 004723952110188
Author(s):  
Ali Battal ◽  
Gülgün Afacan Adanır ◽  
Yasemin Gülbahar
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Tangible Programming ◽  
Review Procedure ◽  
Research Studies

The computer science (CS) unplugged approach intends to teach CS concepts and computational thinking skills without employing any digital tools. The current study conducted a systematic literature review to analyze research studies that conducted investigations related to implementations of CS unplugged activities. A systematic review procedure was developed and applied to detect and subsequently review relevant research studies published from 2010 to 2019. It was found that 55 research studies (17 articles + 38 conference proceedings) satisfied the inclusion criteria for the analysis. These research studies were then examined with regard to their demographic characteristics, research methodologies, research results, and main findings. It was found that the unplugged approach was realized and utilized differently among researchers. The majority of the studies used the CS unplugged term when referring to “paper–pencil activities,” “problem solving,” “storytelling,” “games,” “tangible programming,” and even “robotics.”

scholarly journals An Investigation on How University Students’ View Lecturers’ Usage of Speech Acts in ELT context

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Mutiara Shasqia ◽  
Aulia Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Communication Context ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Perlocutionary Effect

Teachers and lecturers alike understand that they must consciously use a variety of speech acts to force students to follow their instructions and be motivated to learn on their own. This paper reports the findings of a study designed to investigate the notion of the perlocutionary effect of university students in the classroom resulted from lecturers’ illocutionary acts. The acts were then analyzed the illocutionary act of the lecturers’ talk or speech during specific time using Austin’s speech act theory. This present study built its investigation from data collection on both lecturers and university students through interview and field notes. This study manage to reveals that lecturers freely use speech acts of persuading, angering, and commanding. This study believes that illocutionary acts will still have happened in our interaction's life or communication in many-many context including classroom interaction between lecturer-students communication context.

Social contact and speech act strategies in a Chinese study abroad context

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Tang ◽  
Naoko Taguchi ◽  
Shuai Li
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Contact Group ◽  
Chinese Study ◽  
Compliment Responses ◽  
Request Strategies

Abstract This study examined the relationship between reported amounts of social contact and speech act strategies among 70 learners of Chinese enrolled in a study abroad program in Beijing. The participants completed a computer-delivered spoken discourse completion task (spoken DCT) eliciting three speech acts: requests, refusals, and compliment responses. Speech act strategies were compared between two groups of learners who reported different amounts of social contact (high and low social contact) as assessed via a self-report survey. Results showed that both high and low social contact groups favored using similar strategies to achieve the three speech acts. However, the high social contact group produced speech acts in a more sophisticated way: with a wider variety of request strategies, multiple refusal strategies used in combination and more deflecting strategies in compliment responses, compared with the low social contact group. The findings suggest that social contact helped learners expand their pragmalinguistic repertoire and employ more varied speech act strategies.

scholarly journals Request Strategies in Everyday Interactions of Persian and English Speakers

SAGE Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401667947
Author(s):  
Shiler Yazdanfar ◽  
Alireza Bonyadi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
American English ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Daily Interactions ◽  
Request Strategies ◽  
American English Speakers

Cross-cultural studies of speech acts in different linguistic contexts might have interesting implications for language researchers and practitioners. Drawing on the Speech Act Theory, the present study aimed at conducting a comparative study of request speech act in Persian and English. Specifically, the study endeavored to explore the request strategies used in daily interactions of Persian and English speakers based on directness level and supportive moves. To this end, English and Persian TV series were observed and requestive utterances were transcribed. The utterances were then categorized based on Blum-Kulka and Olshtain’s Cross-Cultural Study of Speech Act Realization Pattern (CCSARP) for directness level and internal and external mitigation devises. According to the results, although speakers of both languages opted for the direct level as their most frequently used strategy in their daily interactions, the English speakers used more conventionally indirect strategies than the Persian speakers did, and the Persian speakers used more non-conventionally indirect strategies than the English speakers did. Furthermore, the analyzed data revealed the fact that American English speakers use more mitigation devices in their daily interactions with friends and family members than Persian speakers.

Exploring the Research Domain of IT Governance in the SME Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Huygh ◽  
Steven De Haes
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
It Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Contemporary State ◽  
Review Procedure ◽  
Research Domain

This research aims to explore the research domain of IT governance in the SME context. To meet this objective, a small systematic literature review procedure is used. Results indicate that IT governance in the SME context has been researched previously, albeit not extensively. There seems to be consensus among authors that IT governance is important for SMEs as well as larger organizations. Additionally, many authors indicate that SME specificities will likely influence the nature and implementation of IT governance in the SME context. There also appears to be no great variety in research strategies used in this niche research domain. Regarding the contemporary state of IT governance in SMEs, authors seem to indicate that there is room for improvement. Finally, there is no published framework for IT governance that is tailored for SMEs, although the need for this is directly reported in the literature. This paper concludes by discussing some potential directions for future research, starting from the state-of-the-art of the research domain.

Realization of Speech Act of Permission by Kurdish EFL University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Yaseen Alzeebaree
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Private University ◽  
Pragmatic Competence ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Convenience Sampling

This study aims to examine Kurdish EFL university students’ development of L2 pragmatic competence by investigating their performance of the speech acts of permission. The methodology of this study was a combined research method, which comprises a quantitative and a qualitative method (mixed method). Total of 97 participants were involved in this research study. 83 (33 males and 50 females) were from four state universities and one private university in the Iraqi Kurdistan region and 14 were native speakers of English. A discourse completion test (DCT) was used to elicit the required data from participants. The study used convenience sampling for the participants because both native and non-native participants were selected on the basis of their availability. The data were coded and analysed quantitatively in terms of overall strategy use and strategy patterns. The findings revealed that there were differences in the frequency and percentages of strategies and semantic formulae in performing the speech act. KEFLUS tended to use more direct and explicit. There were more politeness and implicitness in NSE' behaviours in performing the speech act, which might have resulted from the lack of pragmatic competence of KEFLUS.

Realization Patterns of Request Strategies in Sudanese Arabic and English

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Abdel Gadir Tag Eldin
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
The Social ◽  
Indirect Requests ◽  
Request Strategies ◽  
Colloquial Arabic ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
The Impact

<p>This study tried to identify the Sudanese university students’ preferences of request strategies. It explored the claim of the universality of the speech act’s three levels of directness i.e. direct, conventionally indirect, and non-conventionally indirect. It contrasted and compared the subjects’ choice of strategies in Arabic and English languages. It also investigated the impact of some social factors on the subjects’ strategy choice. The data collected from the subjects showed that they used direct, conventionally indirect, and non-conventionally indirect requests when they responded to English and Arabic Discourse Completion Tests. This finding consolidated the universality claim of the three levels of directness. The data also showed that the subjects preferred to use direct requests more than the conventionally indirect ones and hints. The collectivist culture of the students’ society influenced their choice of direct strategies as it is based on solidarity, intimacy, etc. The results also showed that the different social variables i.e. the social distance between the interactants, the power one interlocutor has over the other, and the degree of request imposition had impact on the subjects’ choice of strategies. </p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Pragmatics, Request Strategies, Speech acts, Sudanese university students, Sudanese Colloquial Arabic.</p>

scholarly journals Apologizing in Spanish

Pragmatics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Isabel González-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Completion Test

This article provides insights into the strategies used by a group of university students of Canarian origin to perform the speech act of apologizing. Though Canarian Spanish has been recognised as one of the most deeply studied dialects in the Hispanic world (Medina 1996; Álvarez 1996; Corrales, Álvarez and Corbella 2007), little has been said about this variety at the socio-pragmatic level, and, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been carried out on the issue of speech acts, let alone about apologies in Canarian Spanish. This article attempts to start filling this gap by describing the most frequent apology strategies used by one hundred university students at the ULPGC (Canary Islands, Spain) when apologizing in eight different situations. Following the lines of many other studies, we obtained the data through the application of a Discourse Completion Test, slightly adapted from the well-known CCSARP (Cross-cultural Speech Act Realisation Project). Gender differences are explored, along with the role of other situational factors such as degree of familiarity between the participants, severity of the offense and age of the offended person. Suggestions for further work in the fields of intercultural pragmatics and EFL teaching and learning are also given.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MENTORSHIP ON THE EARLY ENTREPRENEURIAL JOURNEY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loujein Mouammer ◽  
Carlos Bazan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
University Students ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Support System ◽  
Career Path ◽  
Business Incubation ◽  
Business World ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Mentorship Programs

Acknowledging the value of entrepreneurs in today’s society, universities are looking into mentorship to improve their support system for students considering entrepreneurship as a viable career path after graduation. This paper reports the main findings of a systematic literaturereview aimed at understanding the role that mentorship plays during the early entrepreneurial journey of university students. That is, identifying what motivates students to seek mentorship and recognizing the critical elements of successful mentorship programs that develop robustmentor-mentee relationships. The systematic literature review classified the selected articles into three thematic categories: mentoring in entrepreneurship, gender differences in mentoring, and mentorship programs in business incubation. Findings in the combined categories suggest that a positive mentoring experience depends on the mentor’s credibility and connection inthe business world and the mentee’s perception of similarities between their mentor and themselves.

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