scholarly journals Etiopathogenesis of twacha vicar: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5th) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Krishna Mapsekar ◽  
Ragini R. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Whole Body

Twacha or skin is the largest organ in the human body enveloping the whole body. The thickness of skin varies according to the part of the body it covers. Since, skin is the barrier separating the internal tissues and organs from the external environment; it is more prone to various types of hazards. The skin is affected potentially due to two main reasons. First, that it is exposed to the harmful environmental factors and secondly due to the degenerative and neoplastic changes occurring within its own various cell types which is the reason for majority of skin diseases. As it is generally seen that the most common reason for manifestation of skin diseases is faulty dietary habits.

scholarly journals The adaptive potential of workers in greenhouse farms in the Voronezh region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Yatsenko ◽  
N.V. Dzen ◽  
N.V. Gabbasova ◽  
N.P. Mamchik
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Integral Indicator

Adaptive potential is an indicator of the level of adaptability of the human body to various and changing environmental factors. The adaptive capabilities of the body are influenced not only by external factors, but also by internal - the state of the body as a whole, by the presence or absence of chronic diseases. Therefore, the adaptive potential was used as an integral indicator of a person's adaptability to production factors. The aim of the study was to assess the adaptive capabilities of the organism of workers in greenhouse farms in the Voronezh region. The study was carried out at the enterprises of the closed ground of the region by the method of questioning, the objects of the study were 125 women aged 27-45 years. In most cases, there are violations of the adaptive capabilities of the organism among the studied workers of greenhouse farms, and even a breakdown in adaptation was revealed in 0.8%. In less than half of the cases, the adaptive potential of the greenhouses was within the normal. The adaptive reserves of the greenhouses workers decrease with age.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL AGE AS A METHOD FOR ESTIMATING HEALTH LEVEL UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 761-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Prokhorov ◽  
V. I. Dontsov ◽  
Vyacheslav N. Krutko ◽  
T. M. Khodykina
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Biomarkers Of Aging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Definition Of

The widespread formation of unfavorable environmental, the swiftness of modern life with large information and psycho-emotional loads and extremely natural and climatic cataclysms, as well as harmful addictions and wrong way of life of modern human, lead to the development of stress and disruption of the mechanisms of adaptation of the human body and its accelerated wear. This stimulates the development of research on the creation of new methods of integrated assessment of health and quantitative assessment of the aging processes of the body systems and the whole body, as well as the possibilities of new methods of risk assessment of climatic and environmentally related pathological and age-related diseases. The aim of the work was to consider the methodology of quantitative assessment of individual health and the rate of aging of the human body on the basis of the system index of Biological age (BA); description of its essence and structure, requirements for tests - biomarkers of aging used as the index of BA, definition of possibilities and scope of application of the BA method in modern practice of Biomedicine. The use of modern methods of scientific analysis - a systematic approach to the analysis of the processes of human aging and determine its quantitative side - the value of BA, allows a reasonable approach to the choice of the number of BM, to take into account their information content and precision, and the cost of diagnostics and availability for different users, to take into account the specific objectives of the researcher. The use of the index-partial BA allows individual approaching the choice of biomarkers and create personalized panels for the definition of BA programs for the prevention of aging in personalized preventive medicine. The complexity of the content and calculation of indices of BA requires automation and the use of methods of modern computer science and computer calculations and programs. For this purpose, we have created special computer software for diagnosing aging by calculating the BA indices with the possibility of choosing BM and automatic calculation of indicators and conclusions.

scholarly journals Safe Duration Of A Person Soaking Inside A Hot Tub: Theoretical Prediction of Temperature Elevations in Human Bodies Using A Whole Body Heat Transfer Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myo Min Zaw ◽  
Manpreet Singh ◽  
Ronghui Ma ◽  
Liang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Energy Balance Equation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Bioheat Equation ◽  
Arterial Blood

In this study, we first develop a whole body model based on measurements of a human body, with realistic boundary conditions incorporated before and after a person jumps into a hot tub. For the transient heat transfer simulation, the initial condition is the established steady state temperature field of the human body with appropriate clothing layer to ensure the thermal equilibrium of the body with its surroundings. Once the person is inside a hot tub, the Pennes bioheat equation is used to simulate the transient temperature elevations of the body, and the rising of the arterial blood temperature is solved by an energy balance equation modeling thermal exchange between body tissue and the blood in the body. The safe duration of soaking in hot tubs is then determined as affected by the hot tub water temperatures.

Modeling of Human Reactions to Whole-Body Vibration

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid M. L. Amirouche
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Finite Segment ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Forcing Function ◽  
Impulse Function

A computer-automated approach for studying the human body vibration is presented. This includes vertical, horizontal, and torsional vibration. The procedure used is based on Finite Segment Modeling (FSM) of the human body, thus treating it as a mechanical structure. Kane’s equations as developed by Huston et al. are used to formulate the governing equations of motion. The connective tissues are modeled by springs and dampers. In addition, the paper presents the transient response of different parts of the body due to a sinusoidal forcing function as well as an impulse function applied to the lower torso in the vertical direction.

Hierarchical Engineering Model of the Human Body

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayajulu D. Karamchetty
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Complex Engineering

Engineers and scientists are able to understand and analyze the behavior of complex engineering systems in a wide range of critical technologies through hierarchical modeling followed by simulation of the model operation. This process results in a high fidelity integrated model as each level in the hierarchy is modeled in sufficient detail. The overall objective of this effort is to develop a sophisticated hierarchical model of the human body, followed by simulation of the model operation. In this initial research phase, the feasibility of the concept is explored and a framework for the model is described. A six-level model consisting of the whole body as a system, system of systems, organs, tissues, cells, and molecules is proposed and described. This paper explains that the human body is amenable to such hierarchical modeling and describes the benefits that can be achieved. The systems in the body deal with numerous processes: electrical, chemical, biochemical, energy conversion, transportation, pumping, sensing, communications, and so on. Control volume models for the organs in the body capture the mass and energy balance and chemical reactions. Tissue can be represented similar to structural components made of various biomaterials. Cells can be represented as a manufacturing and maintenance workforce assisted by molecular reactions. Following the representation of a healthy body, simulation runs by inserting faults and/or deficiencies in the operational parameters into the model could reveal the causes for specific diseases and illnesses. Such modeling and simulation will benefit medical, pharmaceutical, nutritional specialists, and engineers in designing, developing, and delivering products and services to enable humans to lead healthy lives.

scholarly journals Features of transcutaneous penetration of lead into the human body

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Kashuba
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Introduction. One of the features of lead is its high ability to disintegrate and significantly contaminate the environment. The contamination of hands or the whole body with lead creates a high probability of penetrating micro- and nanoparticles through the skin into the body. Nowadays, this process is not sufficiently studied. There is evidence that inorganic compounds or metallic particles of lead can penetrate through the skin into a human body. Material and methods. centrifuge 10000 rpm, laser emitter (wavelength 625-740 nm), optical microscope, voltampermetric analyzer ABA-2, Analysette 12 Dyna Sizer, magnetic stirrer, distiller, Na2S solution. The studies were conducted in 2017-2018 among the workers of battery sections of technical service stations in Ternopol - 17 people. The research results were processed by the statistical package SPSS 19. Results. The process of mechanical contamination by the skin with lead, rejection of micro particles from the surface of lead, and, to a lesser extent, ultrafine nanoparticles, which can penetrate the sweat glands, was established to occur. The studies have shown in the washings from the palms particles’ skin are detected mainly in the size of 1 μm - 100 nm. In the process of finding the particles of lead in the sweat glands, their length decreases to Nanoscale, allowing them freely entering the body. The decrease in particle size in the sweat glands occurs due to the formation of soluble lead compounds. Presumably, the main chemical contributing to this process is lactic acid. With increasing exposure, the size of lead particles in the sweat glands decreases. Intensive cleaning of the skin surface by mechanical methods, and detergents, followed by contamination with lead, promotes the penetration of lead particles into the sweat glands and its further spread in the body. The intense physical activity was established to contribute to a decrease in particle size, which suggests chemical interaction of lead with lactic acid and the formation of soluble lead lactate. The assumption is confirmed by studies of the composition of sweat, which is detected lead lactate. Conclusion. The lead ability to penetrating a human body transcutaneously in the form of nanoparticles and soluble compounds has been proven. Intense physical activity facilitates the penetration of lead into the body.

Influence of Exercise Condition on Tissue Blood Temperature Using Whole Body Model

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarup A. Zachariah ◽  
Anup K. Paul ◽  
Rupak K. Banerjee ◽  
Liang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tissue Temperature ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Blood Temperature ◽  
Exercise Condition ◽  
Core Body

Predicting thermal responses of the human body accurately during different exercise conditions is of increasing importance. Computing changes in the core body temperature (T c) during exercise require detailed modeling of both the body tissue temperature and the time-dependent blood temperature. Predicting changes in T c is challenging because the model needs to respond effectively to the changes in perfusion or sweating. Our study was to demonstrate the ability of a recently developed whole body heat transfer model. It simulates the tissue-blood interaction to predict the thermal response of the human body under different exercise intensities. The cases simulated were of a human being walking on a treadmill at 0.9, 1.2 and 1.8 m/s for 30 minutes. It was shown that T c was effectively regulated within 0.17 °C of the steady state value of 37.23 °C for the three cases by means of adjusting the cardiac output; varying between 15 to 25 liters per minute.

scholarly journals An Online Method to Detect and Locate an External Load on the Human Body with Applications in Ergonomics Assessment

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4471
Author(s):  
Marta Lorenzini ◽  
Wansoo Kim ◽  
Elena De Momi ◽  
Arash Ajoudani
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
External Load ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Reaction Forces

In this work, we propose an online method to detect and approximately locate an external load induced on the body of a person interacting with the environment. The method is based on a torque equilibrium condition on the human sagittal plane, which takes into account a reduced-complexity model of the whole-body centre of pressure (CoP) along with the measured one, and the vertical component of the ground reaction forces (vGRFs). The latter is combined with a statistical analysis approach to improve the localisation accuracy, (which is subject to uncertainties) to the extent of the industrial applications we target. The proposed technique eliminates the assumption of known contact position of an external load on the human limbs, allowing a more flexible online body-state tracking. The accuracy of the proposed method is first evaluated via a simulation study in which various contact points on different body postures are considered. Next, experiments on human subjects with three different contact locations applied to the human body are presented, revealing the validity of the proposed methodology. Lastly, its benefit in the estimation of human dynamic states is demonstrated. These results add another layer to the online human ergonomics assessment framework developed in our laboratory, extending it to more realistic and varying interaction conditions.

Vibration Measurement and Analysis Using Image Processing Method

Volume 2 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Narimani ◽  
Maryam Hoviattalab ◽  
Arash Abadpour ◽  
Azadeh Yadolahi
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Mechanical Impedance ◽  
Displacement Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sinusoidal Vibration ◽  
Body Vibration

A large number of people are exposed to whole body vibration in their occupational life. Measuring vibration is an important tool in rehabilitation and biomechanical fields of research. We have proposed image processing as a new method to record and determine the frequency response of human body. The arranged set up for forced vibration consisted of an AC motor, a variable speed drive unit and a shaking table for producing one directional sinusoidal vibration. Volunteers were asked to stand on the shaking table at a relaxed posture. Two digital camcorders were used to capture the motion of colored pencil-dot markers on the skin of human body (forehead) and on the edge of the shaking table. After color spotting each frame, the binary image results were processed using new circle factor criteria proposed in this work, for fast finding circles based on second order statistics. The extracted points were calibrated using our own extended version of the direct linear transformation (DLT) method. Subsequently Vibration measuring software has been completely developed in Borland Delphi 5.0. Finally obtained displacement function of the body and the shaking table has been used in conjunction with Matlab 6.5 to prepare a proper algorithm for analyzing human body vibration. We discussed mechanical characteristics of the body by obtaining mechanical impedance and transmissibility from the shaking table to the head as example applications of the conducted software. The important point is the fact that all devices used in our developed measurement system are usually available in a biomechanics laboratory where a Gait system is functioning. This gives the opportunity for such laboratory to add vibration measurement to its capabilities without much excessive costs. The system has the advantage of lower noise sensitivity in comparison to accelerometer. The main advantage of this method is working with a simple user-familiar hardware with no external device attached to the subject and also a user-friendly-software.

Research on Pre-Slip Gait Mechanical Contributions and Gait Self-Balancing Mechanics during Walking

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 383-386
Author(s):  
Hai Long Su ◽  
Da Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Dynamic Task

Walking is a complex dynamic task that requires the regulation of the whole-body angular momentum to maintain dynamic balance while performing walking subtasks such as propelling the body forward and accelerating the leg into swing. To investigate the characteristic of slips and falls during gait self-balancing, a method was proposed that could better understand the effects of pre-slip gait response biomechanics on the risk for falls. A new segmental model of the human body was developed and this model would be used continuously measured locations from nearly 85 points on the body to produce a dynamic postural record of human movement. The muscles surrounding the hip were found to be most important in maintaining control of the trunk and preventing collapse in response to the forward perturbations (FP).

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