Fractionated whole body gamma irradiation potentiate high fat diet- induced intestinal inflammation in Wistar rats

Syndecans are transmembrane proteoglycans that, like integrins, bind to components of the extracellular matrix. Previously, we showed significant associations of genetic variants in the Syndecan-4 (SDC4) gene with intra-abdominal fat, fasting plasma glucose levels, and insulin sensitivity index in children, and with fasting serum triglyceride levels in healthy elderly subjects. An independent study also reported a correlation between SDC4 and the risk of coronary artery disease in middle-aged patients. Here, we investigated whether deletion of Sdc4 promotes metabolic derangements associated with diet-induced obesity by feeding homozygous male and female Sdc4-deficient (Sdc4-/-) mice and their age-matched wild-type (WT) mice a high-fat diet (HFD). We found that WT and Sdc4-/- mice gained similar weight. However, while no differences were observed in males, HFD-fed female Sdc4-/- mice exhibited a higher percentage of body fat mass than controls and displayed increased levels of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose, as well as reduced whole-body insulin sensitivity. Additionally, they had an increased adipocyte size and macrophage infiltration in the visceral adipose tissue, and higher triglyceride and fatty acid synthase levels in the liver. Together with our previous human genetic findings, these results provide evidence of an evolutionarily conserved role of SDC4 in adiposity and its complications.

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Time course of insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs a high-fat diet

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1997.272.1.e147 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 272 (1) ◽

pp. E147-E154 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. P. Rocchini ◽

P. Marker ◽

T. Cervenka

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Dose Response ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Time Course ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Diet Group ◽

Whole Body ◽

High Fat

The current study evaluated both the time course of insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs a high-fat diet and the relationship between the development of insulin resistance and the increase in blood pressure that also occurs. Twelve adult mongrel dogs were chronically instrumented and randomly assigned to either a control diet group (n = 4) or a high-fat diet group (n = 8). Insulin resistance was assessed by a weekly, single-dose (2 mU.kg-1.min-1) euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp on all dogs. Feeding dogs a high-fat diet was associated with a 3.7 +/- 0.5 kg increase in body weight, a 20 +/- 4 mmHg increase in mean blood pressure, a reduction in insulin-mediated glucose uptake [(in mumol-kg-1.min-1) decreasing from 72 +/- 6 before to 49 +/- 7 at 1 wk, 29 +/- 3 at 3 wk, and 30 +/- 2 at 6 wk of the high-fat diet, P < 0.01]. and a reduced insulin-mediated increase in cardiac output. In eight dogs (4 high fat and 4 control), the dose-response relationship of insulin-induced glucose uptake also was studied. The whole body glucose uptake dose-response curve was shifted to the right, and the rate of maximal whole body glucose uptake was significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Finally, we observed a direct relationship between the high-fat diet-induced weekly increase in mean arterial pressure and the degree to which insulin resistance developed. In summary, the current study documents that feeding dogs a high-fat diet causes the rapid development of insulin resistance that is the result of both a reduced sensitivity and a reduced responsiveness to insulin.

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Tissue-specific expression of Sprouty1 in mice protects against high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation, bone loss and metabolic dysfunction

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114511006209 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 108 (6) ◽

pp. 1025-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sumithra Urs ◽

Terry Henderson ◽

Phuong Le ◽

Clifford J. Rosen ◽

Lucy Liaw

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Conditional Knockout ◽

Whole Body ◽

High Fat ◽

Tissue Specific ◽

Diet Induced Obesity

We recently characterised Sprouty1 (Spry1), a growth factor signalling inhibitor as a regulator of marrow progenitor cells promoting osteoblast differentiation at the expense of adipocytes. Adipose tissue-specific Spry1 expression in mice resulted in increased bone mass and reduced body fat, while conditional knockout of Spry1 had the opposite effect with decreased bone mass and increased body fat. Because Spry1 suppresses normal fat development, we tested the hypothesis that Spry1 expression prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, bone loss and associated lipid abnormalities, and demonstrate that Spry1 has a long-term protective effect on mice fed a high-energy diet. We studied diet-induced obesity in mice with fatty acid binding promoter-driven expression or conditional knockout of Spry1 in adipocytes. Phenotyping was performed by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, microCT, histology and blood analysis. In conditional Spry1-null mice, a high-fat diet increased body fat by 40 %, impaired glucose regulation and led to liver steatosis. However, overexpression of Spry1 led to 35 % (P < 0·05) lower body fat, reduced bone loss and normal metabolic function compared with single transgenics. This protective phenotype was associated with decreased circulating insulin (70 %) and leptin (54 %; P < 0·005) compared with controls on a high-fat diet. Additionally, Spry1 expression decreased adipose tissue inflammation by 45 %. We show that conditional Spry1 expression in adipose tissue protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity and associated bone loss.

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Kaempferol Reduces Obesity, Prevents Intestinal Inflammation, and Modulates Gut Microbiota in High-fat Diet Mice

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108840 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108840

Author(s):

Yifei Bian ◽

Jiaqi Lei ◽

Jia Zhong ◽

Bo Wang ◽

Yan Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

High Fat

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Whole body metabolism is improved by hemin added to high fat diet while counteracted by nitrite: a mouse model of processed meat consumption.

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo01199e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diana Abu Halaka ◽

Ofer Gover ◽

Einat Rauchbach ◽

Shira Zelber-Sagi ◽

Betty Schwartz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Food Industry ◽

Food Additives ◽

Whole Body ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Traditional Food ◽

High Fat ◽

Curing Agents ◽

Whole Body Metabolism ◽

Processed Meat Consumption

Nitrites and nitrates are traditional food additives used as curing agents in the food industry. They inhibit the growth of microorganisms and convey a typical pink color to the meat....

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Baicalin Attenuates High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Liver Dysfunction: Dose-Response and Potential Role of CaMKKβ/AMPK/ACC Pathway

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000374037 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 2349-2359 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Youli Xi ◽

Miaozong Wu ◽

Hongxia Li ◽

Siqi Dong ◽

Erfei Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Kinase ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Liver Steatosis ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Whole Body ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Dependent Protein

Background/Aims: Obesity-associated fatty liver disease affects millions of individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of baicalin to treat obesity and fatty liver in high fat diet-induced obese mice, and to study the potential molecular mechanisms. Methods: High fat diet-induced obese animals were treated with different doses of baicalin (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/d). Whole body, fat pad and liver were weighed. Hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis, liver function, and hepatic Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) / AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) / acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were further evaluated. Results: Baicalin significantly decreased liver, epididymal fat and body weights in high fat diet-fed mice, which were associated with decreased serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, but increased serum HDL level. Pathological analysis revealed baicalin dose-dependently decreased the degree of hepatic steatosis, with predominantly diminished macrovesicular steatosis at lower dose but both macrovesicular and microvesicular steatoses at higher dose of baicalin. Baicalin dose-dependently inhibited hepatic CaMKKβ/AMPK/ACC pathway. Conclusion: These data suggest that baicalin up to 400 mg/kg/d is safe and able to decrease the degree of obesity and fatty liver diseases. Hepatic CaMKKβ/AMPK/ACC pathway may mediate the therapeutic effects of baicalin in high fat diet animal model.

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Melatonin ameliorates endocrine dysfunction and defective sperm integrity associated with high‐fat diet‐induced obesity in male Wistar rats

Andrologia ◽

10.1111/and.14242 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Comfort Abisola Oladele ◽

Christopher Oloruntoba Akintayo ◽

Olabimpe Caroline Badejogbin ◽

Adesola Adedotun Oniyide ◽

Adams Olalekan Omoaghe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Endocrine Dysfunction ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Male Wistar Rats

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Particular Matter of Motor Vehicle Exposure and High-Fat Diet Effects on Kidney Histopathology, Creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in Wistar Rats

Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability ◽

10.26554/ijems.2021.5.3.124-128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 124-128

Author(s):

Rizka Veni ◽

Awal Prasetyo ◽

Muflihatul Muniroh

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Histopathological Change ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the effect of combination of motor vehicle particular matter exposure and high-fat diet in kidney histopathology, creatinine levels, and MDA levels in Wistar rats. This study used a posttest-only control group design. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The intervention groups received motor vehicle fume exposure for 100 s with normal diet (X1) or high-fat diet (X2), and the control group received no exposure (C). Data analysis was processed with a SPSS 25.0 computer program by using the one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc LSD. The degree of kidney histopathological damage showed significant differences between the X1 and X2 groups when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the creatinine level examination found a significant difference between the X2 and C groups (p < 0.05) and the treatment groups X1 and X2 (p < 0.05). The results of kidney MDA level examination showed a significant difference between the treatment groups (X1 and X2) and the control group (p < 0.05). The combination of particular matter of motor vehicle fumes exposure and high-fat diet could induce kidney damage through histopathological change and increased creatinine levels and kidney MDA levels in Wistar rats.

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