scholarly journals Evaluation of the optimal radiological diagnosis of occult dental caries

Author(s):  
Oleg Uzunov ◽  
◽  
Vasile Zagnat ◽  

Advanced dental caries is the main cause that leads to tooth loss and extractions, therefore it is important to diagnose and treat this condition on time. Dental caries often differs from other diseases in that it can be diagnosed only when it requires surgical treatment. Detection and treatment of incipient carious lessions is very rare in practice. Radiography is an indispensable paraclinical examination in the detection of carious lesions because a thorough clinical examination is not possible for all dental surfaces. The relief of the occlusal surfaces and the limited access to the proximal surfaces make the detection of carious lesions during a clinical examination very difficult. Numerous clinical studies have shown that a radiological examination can reveal carious lesions that would otherwise remain undetected both in occlusal and proximal surfaces. About 50% of interproximal carious lessions cannot be identified during clinical examination and require radiological investigations.

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Renata Espíndola Silveira ◽  
Isabela Pereira Furtado ◽  
Marco Aurélio Carvalho ◽  
Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes ◽  
João Batista Souza ◽  
...  

Abstract This clinical case was aimed at reporting and discussing diagnostic methods for early detection and preventive treatment of proximal carious lesions. The patient presented to the dental clinic seeking treatment of a problem she reported as being “dental caries”. The patient’s orthodontist diagnosed dental caries, by means of radiographic exam. There was no evidence of any proximal carious lesion in the intraoral examination. The bitewing radiographs presented a radiolucent area limited to enamel in the mesial of maxillary left-second-bicuspid. For the purpose of confirming the intraoral diagnosis, an immediate tooth separation was performed. The immediate separation was unable to provide sufficient access; thus, the slow separation approach was performed. After 24-hours, tooth separation of 1mm was obtained, providing enough access for clinical examination. The proximal areas were evaluated by transillumination and impression taking. During the visual inspection, an area of enamel staining was observed, with no roughness due to tactile inspection and the evaluation by transillumination and impression showed no cavitation. The following preventive treatment plan was endorsed: oral hygiene instructions with emphasis to the importance of flossing the proximal areas, and healthy dietary habits. After a 5-years period of follow-up, the enhanced oral hygiene and heathy dietary habits were observed. A clinical examination with immediate tooth separation and bitewing radiographs was performed and showed no cavitation. Thecombination of methods for detecting carious lesions in proximal surfaces was effective in obtaining a diagnosis of cariesin the permanent dentition. The absence of cavitated lesions must be indicative of preventive treatment.Keywords: Dental Caries. Preventive Dentistry. Diagnosis, Oral.ResumoEste caso clínico objetivou relatar e discutir os métodos diagnósticos para detecção e tratamento preventivo de lesões cariosas proximais. A paciente procurou atendimento restaurador com queixa de cárie diagnosticada por exame radiográfico realizado após término de seu tratamento ortodôntico. Ao exame clínico não havia suspeita de lesão cariosa. A avaliação radiográfica revelou, na face mesialdo dente 25, presença de área radiolúcida limitada à metade externa do esmalte. Para confirmação do diagnóstico realizou-se a separação interdentária imediata, porém como a mesma não permitiu adequada visualização foi realizada a separação mediata e após 24 horas obteve-se adequada separação (1 mm) para o exame clínico. Em seguida, a superfície proximal foi avaliada por transiluminação e moldagem. Durante a inspeção visual foi constatada área de manchamento do esmalte, com ausência de rugosidade pela inspeção tátil e a avaliação tanto por transiluminação da superfície proximal, quanto por moldagem revelou ausência de cavitação. Devido o diagnóstico obtido o seguinte tratamento preventivo foi indicado: reforço de higiene oral com ênfase na importância do uso do fio dental e hábitos dietéticos saudáveis. Após 5 anos de acompanhamento melhoria da higiene oral e hábitos dietéticos foram constatados. O exame clínico com separação interdentária imediata e exame radiográfico revelaram ausência de cavitação. Conclui-se que a combinação de métodos de detecção de lesões cariosas proximais foi efetivo no diagnóstico da cárie dentária na dentição permanente. O resultado deste relato de caso mostrou que a ausência de lesões cariosas cavitadas deve ser um indicativo de tratamento preventivo.Palavras-chave: Cárie Dentária. Odontologia Preventiva. Diagnóstico Bucal.


2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Esber Caglar ◽  
Mehmet Görgülü ◽  
Ozgur O. Kuscu

Dental caries and wear are important conditions to record in archaeological collections. The aim of the present paper is to determine the frequency and distribution of dental caries and dental wear in a mediaeval Byzantine paediatric population in Yenikapı, Constantinople, Istanbul. The present research was carried out on the skeletal remains of 1 infant and 28 children with a total of 180 teeth (113 primary and 67 permanent teeth). The frequency of ante-mortem tooth loss in the sample was 1%. The total frequency of carious lesions in the sample was 2.2%. The frequency of dental wear was rather low (3.3%) exhibiting presence of dentin clusters mostly. The present study evaluated an archaeological collection with low dental wear and low dental caries prevalence indicating a fishing community.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Oleksyn ◽  
Mykola Rozhko

Abstract. Occlusion is the joining of dental arches or individual groups of teeth over longer or shorter periods of time. Dental caries is one of the main factors of occlusal disorders. In economically developed countries, it affects 95-98% of the population. Dental caries results in changing location of occlusal contact points and is the cause of atypical mandibular movements. As a result, occlusal overloading and trauma are observed. The objective of the research was to carry out early prevention of occlusal disorders in patients with carious lesions using modern restorative methods. Materials and Methods. There were examined 90 first-/second-/third-year students of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University at the age of 17-20 years living in the regions with low fluoride level in order to prevent occlusal disorders using the methods of restorations of the affected occlusal surfaces considering functional anatomy and subsequent checking of occlusal relationships with the help of the T-Scan Novus occlusal analysis system. Among them, 45 students were diagnosed with fissure caries of the first molars, 45 students underwent the restoration of the first molars without considering functional anatomy. Treatment was carried out by the methods of direct and indirect restorations.           Results. The paper contains the results of redistribution of occlusal contacts in carious lesions of the first molar (decrease in the occlusal load on the affected tooth, occurrence of overloading on the tooth with larger chewing area) and restoration of the first molar without considering the principles of functional anatomy (bite force directly on the tooth restored). Further restorations of the chewing surfaces of the first molars considering the occlusal determinants led to an even distribution of the occlusal force on the molars.           Conclusions. The results of our study demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed treatment and prevention complex.


2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Stevo Matijevic ◽  
Dragan Gazivoda ◽  
Marjan Marjanovic ◽  
Bozidar Udovicic

Background. Nasopalatine duct cyst is a developmental, nonodontogenic cyst of jaw. Case report. We presented a 46-year-old male with nasopalatine duct cyst. The clinical examination revealed fluctuant swellings of the anterior palate, without pain, 4?5 cm in diametar. Both radiographs showed the presence of an ovoid radiolucency located in the midline of the maxilla between the roots of central maxillary incisor teeth with peripheral sclerosis, 25 ? 35 cm in diametar. Surgical treatment was performed under local anaesthesia (ArticainchloridumTM 4% ? 3M ESPE) using a palatine approach. Postoperatively, no paresthesia of the anterior palate in inervation area of nasopalatine nerve was registrated. Pathohistologic findings proved both clinical and radiological diagnosis. Conclusion. Nasopalatine duct cyst is a rare lesion which slowly develops. The diagnosis is mainly based on radiography, tooth vitality testing and histologic findings. After a correctly applied clinical diagnosis procedure and surgicel treatment, recurrence is rare.


Author(s):  
Bharathi M ◽  
Rajalingam D ◽  
Vinothkumar S ◽  
Artheeswari R ◽  
Kanimozhi R ◽  
...  

Herbal tooth powders consisting of various ingredients that are available in the market in a wide range. Hence modern methods focusing on these aspects are useful for the standardization of herbs and their formulations. Consumers believed by using herbal-based toothpowders are safe, effective, and less toxic. This study is thus aimed to provide an alternative to the consumer and formulate herbal tooth powder using Clove, Neem Stem, Acacia Stem, Stevia Leaf, Mustard Oil, Salt, Ginger and Amla. The oral cavity infections are the most common types of infections. Dental caries is an infectious disease, causes damage and infection of enamel and dentine. If it is not treated, the infection continues and will lead to tooth loss. The mouth contains normal flora of opportunistic bacteria that are normally non-pathogenic. The imbalance of this situation causes infection and tooth decay. Streptococcus mutants are considered as the main species involved in the development of dental caries. S. mutants, acid-producing bacteria, causes fermentation of carbohydrates which results in tooth decay. Therefore, in the present work, the following aspects of Herbal tooth powders were planned for the formulation, standardization of herbal tooth powder, and anti-bacterial screening of the extracts of herbal tooth powder. 


Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Gaia Pellegrini ◽  
Marcello Maddalone ◽  
Matteo Malvezzi ◽  
Marilisa Toma ◽  
Massimo Del Fabbro ◽  
...  

Objective: Soluble CD14 (sCD14) plays an important role in the innate immune response of the oral cavity. The investigation of this biomarker for detection of carious lesions is an even more actual procedure due to its non-invasiveness and the ease of withdrawal. The purpose of the present observational case-control study was to evaluate whether the quantification of sCD14 in children and adolescent’s saliva can discriminate healthy subjects from those suffering from tooth decay. Materials and Methods: 164 subjects (6 to 17 years) were selected and divided into 2 groups: those with at least 1 decayed tooth were assigned to group Decayed (n = 82) and those free from dental caries to group Healthy (n = 82). The amount of salivary soluble CD14 was quantified. Results: Mean salivary soluble CD14 was 28.3 ± 10.8 μg/mL in the Healthy group and 22 ± 9.6 μg/mL in the Decayed group. A hurdle model was applied to the data to estimate both the probability of having carious lesions and their number in relation to sCD14 levels. sCD14 was strongly associated (p < 0.01) with an inverse relation to both the probability of having caries and their number (falling rate of 5% per unit CD14 μg/mL). Conclusions: This data confirms the relationship between sCD14 and the presence of dental caries. However, there is no clear cut off level between healthy and unhealthy subjects, so it is currently not possible to use sCD14 as a biomarker to determine the risk of decays.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Hasan Ali ◽  
Mozammal Hossain ◽  
Md. Joynal Abdin

<p><span>This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below:</span></p><p>A 42 year old female presented with the complaints of thermal sensitivity and impaction of food during mastication on her lower left posterior region. On clinical examination, carious lesions involving proximal surface was detected at the lower left first molar tooth which extended up to the dentin. The vitality test showed that the affected tooth was vital and the tooth was also non-tender to percussion.</p>


Author(s):  
S Pinna ◽  
C Tassani ◽  
M Rossini ◽  
F Lanzi

The aim of this study was to report the outcome of the use of an external fixator to treat a pelvic canal stenosis in a 5-month-old female cat. The cat was referred with a history of 3 weeks of intermittent signs of constipation refractory to the medical management, occurring after surgical treatment for a bilateral sacroiliac luxation and sacral fracture. The clinical examination revealed instability of the pelvis and a radiograph showed a pelvic canal stenosis and megacolon. External fixator was the method of choice to be used in this case. The manually applied tension on an external fixator resulted in a widening of the pelvic canal. At 45 days after surgery, there were no signs of constipation, and the radiological examination showed progressive bone healing. At 18 months post-op, the cat had no abnormalities both on the clinical examination and on the radiography. In conclusion, the use of an external fixator led to the widening of the pelvic canal using a minimally invasive procedure. To the authors’ knowledge, this case report represents the first surgical description and clinical outcome of the widening of the pelvic canal in cats using an external skeletal fixator.


Author(s):  
Bobonazarov Navruz Khabibillaevich ◽  

The improvement of methods of treatment of odontogenic cysts of the jaw remains the actual problem of surgical stomatology. This is caused by the widespread of the disease, the possibility of such complications as cyst abscesses, osteomyelitis development, jaw deformities, tooth loss, pathological fracture occurrence and even the so-called central jaw cancer from the epithelium of cyst walls, and also rather frequent relapses after surgical treatment carried out.


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