Investigation of Aspartame effects on some blood parameters after oral administration in Balb-c mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 2387-2390
Author(s):  
Diana Ali Alkhalil ◽  
Moofeed Yasein
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

No-caloric sweeteners, such as aspartame, are widely used in various food and beverages to prevent the increasing rates of obesity and diabetes mellitus, acting as tools in helping control caloric intake. Aspartame is a methyl ester of a dipeptide used as a synthetic nonnutritive sweetener in over 90 countries worldwide in over 6000 products. It was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1981. Aspartame is metabolized to phenylalanine, aspartic acid, and methanol. these metabolites have some health risks specially on PKU (Phenyl Ketone Urea) patients who can’t metabolize the amino acid phenyl alanine. This study aims to investigate the health effects of aspartame on Balb-c mice. 16 Balb-c mice were given physiological solution by oral gavage(control) and the study groups were given the recommended ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) for mice (ADI = 250mg/kg/body weight) of Aspartame diluted in water for 15days, 30days. Glucose blood level, lipid profile, marker enzymes (ALT.AST.ALP, γGT) and uric acid were determined at the end of the experiment. The results of this study show that oral administration of aspartame (250mg/kg body weight) was correlated to a significant increase in the lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and some marker enzymes and this increase is time related.

Evaluation of Glucose and Lipid Lowering Activity of Arganimide A in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Eddouks ◽  
Farid Khallouki ◽  
Robert W. Owen ◽  
Morad Hebi ◽  
Remy Burcelin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Lowering Activity

Aims: Arganimide A (4,4-dihydroxy-3,3-imino-di-benzoic acid) is a compound belonging to a family of aminophenolics found in fruit of Argania spinosa. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose and lipid lowering activity of Arganimide A (ARG A). Methods: The effect of a single dose and daily oral administration of Arganimide A (ARG A) on blood glucose levels and plasma lipid profile was tested in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. Results: Single oral administration of ARG A reduced blood glucose levels from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 14.27±0.73 mmol/L (p<0.0001) six hours after administration in STZ diabetic rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels were decreased from 5.35±0.30 mmol/L to 3.57±0.17 mmol/L (p<0.0001) and from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 3.67±0.29 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in normal and STZ diabetic rats, respectively, after seven days of treatment. Moreover, no significant changes in body weight in normal and STZ rats were shown. According to the lipid profile, the plasma triglycerides levels were decreased significantly in diabetic rats after seven days of ARG treatment (p<0.05). Moreover, seven days of ARG A treatment decreased significantly the plasma cholesterol concentrations (p<0.001). Conclusion: ARG A possesses glucose and lipid-lowering activity in diabetic rats and this natural compound may be beneficial in the treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals Effects of Spirulina platensis on alloxan induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
SMAK Hussaini ◽  
MI Hossain ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
K Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group

The study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Spirulina platensis on body weight, blood glucose and lipid profile on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Fifteen Long Evans male rats at six weeks of age were used for the experiment. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan@ 150 mg/kg and experiment was carried out for a period of 6 weeks. Rats were divided into three groups of 5 rats each. The groups were i)healthy control, ii) diabetic control with both receiving rats’ pellet as supplement, and iii) diabetic treated with oral administration of Spirulina platensis  @ 400 mg/kg bwt. Results from the study showed that Spirulina platensis reduced blood glucose significantly (P<0.01) and increased body weight significantly (P<0.05) in contrast to diabetic control group after 6 weeks. Lipid profile analysis with Spirulina platensis @ 400 mg/kg showed that total cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, and LDL were lowered significantly   compared to diabetic groups in contrast to HDL levels which were increased following the use of Spirulina platensis. Our findings showed that oral administration of Spirulina platensis could reduce the adverse effect of alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Based on this research it can be concluded that Spirulina platensis has antihyperglycemic and hypolipidimic effects in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 139-146, 2018

Protective Potential and Antidiabetic Activity of Bilberry Leaves in Zucker Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shipelin ◽  
Yulia Sidorova ◽  
Vladimir Mazo ◽  
Sergey Zorin ◽  
Nikita Petrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Potential ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Zdf Rats

Objective: The protective potential of Bilberry Leaves Extract (BLE) was studied in the experiment on male diabetic obese Zucker rats (ZDF) rats (Crl:ZUC-Lepr(fa)) with liver metabolism disorders and hyperglycemia. Methods: Animals were fed with or without BLE (2 g/kg b.w.) orally via a gastric tube for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, biochemical and morphological indices were studied. Results: Daily intake of BLE in obese ZDF rats produced a marked and sustained decrease in body weight without an increase in food intake in comparison with untreated obese rats. By the end of the study, fasting blood glucose for rats receiving BLE was significantly lower than in control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, biomarkers of liver damage, were significantly (P<0.05) lower in BLE group compared to the obese control animals. There were also reductions (P<0.05) in total cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins levels associated with BLE treatments. BLE administration to obese rats significantly reduced serum urea levels compared to the untreated obese rats. The results also showed a decrease in liver/body weight ratio which is undoubtedly a positive effect together with a general reduction in body weight in BLE treated animals. Conclusion: These data suggest that BLE inhibited the development of hyperglycemia, improved lipid metabolism, and influenced positively on some integral indices and a histological picture in the target organs of obese ZDF rats.

scholarly journals Obesity and diabetes in transgenic mice expressing proSAAS

2004 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wei ◽  
Y Feng ◽  
FY Che ◽  
H Pan ◽  
N Mzhavia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prohormone Convertase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Carboxypeptidase E ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Prohormone Convertase 1

ProSAAS is a neuroendocrine peptide precursor that potently inhibits prohormone convertase 1 in vitro. To explore the function of proSAAS and its derived peptides, transgenic mice were created which express proSAAS using the beta-actin promoter. The body weight of transgenic mice was normal until approximately 10-12 weeks, and then increased 30-50% over wild-type littermates. Adult transgenic mice had a fat mass approximately twice that of wild-type mice, and fasting blood glucose levels were slightly elevated. In the pituitary, the levels of several fully processed peptides in transgenic mice were not reduced compared with wild-type mice, indicating that the proSAAS transgene did not affect prohormone convertase 1 activity in this tissue. Because the inhibitory potency of proSAAS-derived peptides towards prohormone convertase 1 is much greater in the absence of carboxypeptidase E activity, the proSAAS transgene was also expressed in carboxypeptidase E-deficient Cpe (fat/fat) mice. Although the transgenic mice were born in the expected frequency, 21 of 22 proSAAS transgenic Cpe (fat/fat) mice died between 11 and 26 weeks of age, presumably due to greatly elevated blood glucose. The levels of several pituitary peptides were significantly reduced in the proSAAS transgenic Cpe (fat/fat) mice relative to non-transgenic Cpe (fat/fat) mice, suggesting that the transgene inhibited prohormone convertase 1 in these mice. Taken together, these results are consistent with a role for proSAAS-derived peptides as neuropeptides that influence body weight independently of their function as inhibitors of prohormone convertase 1.

scholarly journals Effect of Food Colorants Supplementation on Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Vitamins Level and DNA Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1356
Author(s):  
Sadaf Shakoor ◽  
Amin Ismail ◽  
Zia-Ur-Rahman Zia-Ur-Rahman ◽  
Mohd Redzwan Sabran ◽  
Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Food Colorants

There are various undesirable products generated from endogenous aerobic metabolism such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Physiological and biochemical lesions are caused by ROS and which give rise to oxidative damages towards DNA, proteins and lipids which ultimately lead to cell death. This study was aimed to examine the effect of oral administration of food colorants (tartrazine and curcumin) on the oxidants and antioxidants level in blood and fecal of rats after 15, 30, and 45 days. Two doses were used based on the admissible daily intake (ADI) of 9.6 and 96 (high) mg/kg/body weight for tartrazine, 3.85 and 38.5 6 mg/kg/body weight for curcumin. The results showed that oral administration of tartrazine had significantly increased the total oxidant level, arylesterase, glutathione reductase, and MDA whereas there was significantly decreased the total antioxidants level, catalase, glutathione peroxidase in plasma and fecal after 30 and 45 days. Vitamin E and C were decreased in plasma. Fecal showed high level of vitamin A. High dose of tartrazine caused alteration in the aldehyde reactive probe (ARP) sites of DNA showing the DNA damage. After 45 day, significant increment was observed in the level of AST in low and high curcumin treated group. Whereas, elevations of arylestrase were seen in high curcumin group after 45 day. High dose of curcumin significantly (P≤ 0.05) decreased the concentration of vitamin C after 45 days of treatment and increased the level of vitamin E in plasma of treated groups after 30 and 45 days of treatment. The present study showed that the ADI and doses up to 10 times higher than ADI showed negative effects on antioxidant level and demonstrated the importance of using appropriate doses of food colorants such as tartrazine and curcumin in different processed food products.

scholarly journals Assessment of fasting blood glucose, serum electrolyte, albumin, creatinine, urea and lipid profile among hypertensive patients and non-hypertensive participants at wolaita sodo university teaching and referral hospital, SNNPR, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Haile ◽  
Mistire Wolde ◽  
Tatek Gebregziabiher
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Serum Electrolyte ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a silent killer that requires long term management to avoid complications. It is one of major public health problem in developing counties like Ethiopia. Hypertension increases the risk of morbidity and mortality and has negative consequences on the cognitive and physical fitness of productivity in adults.ObjectiveTo assess fasting blood glucose, serum electrolyte, albumin, creatinine, urea, and lipid profile among hypertensive patients and non-hypertensive participants at wolaita sodo teaching and referral hospital.MethodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020. On the study a total of 156 study participants (78 cases and 78 controls) were involved. Each study participant, after signing informed consent, interviewed about the socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristic features. Then 5ml of the blood sample was collected from each 78 patients with hypertension and each 78 samples from apparently healthy subjects from WSUTRH during the period. Fasting blood glucose, serum electrolyte, albumin, creatinine, urea, and lipid profile level were measured in each group. The Data were analyzed by using Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 21.0 software (IBM Corporation, USA) and results were summarized using means and percentages and presented by using figures and tables. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be significant at 95% confidence level. Any abnormal laboratory results of study subjects dispatched and communicated with physicians for better management.ResultsThe mean age of hypertensives and control study groups were 50 ± 10.0 and 51 ±11.3 years respectively. The body mass index of hypertensives and control study groups were 53.4% and 34.2% overweighed respectively. The mean ± SD of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, TG, RFT were significantly increases while serum sodium, calcium, albumin, and HDL-Cholesterol significantly decreased in hypertensives when compared with non-hypertensives and serum potassium was no statistical significance among case and control groups.ConclusionIn present study, we observed that the hypertensive group was at risk for developing biochemical alteration in creatinine, urea, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, electrolytes, and albumin test parameters with an increased period of time.RecommendationRegular measurements of biochemical parameters strongly needed for hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Daily Consumption of Pistachios over 12 Weeks Improves Nutrient Intake, Induces Energy Compensation, and Has No Effect on Body Weight or Composition in Healthy Women (P08-002-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
France Bellisle ◽  
Marc Fantino ◽  
Mary Jo Feeney ◽  
Jennette Higgs ◽  
Arianna Carughi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Energy Compensation ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates

Abstract Objectives Dietary guidelines around the world recommend regular intake of nuts because of their nutrient contribution to the diet and reported health benefits such as cardiometabolic risk reduction. Nuts, including pistachios, are nutrient-dense foods, high in protein, fiber, phytosterols, antioxidants, MUFA and PUFA. Consumers are often reluctant to include nuts in their diet due to weight concerns. However, the macronutrient composition of pistachios may promote satiety between meals and so facilitate energy compensation. In a 12-week intervention in healthy women, we investigated how the daily intake of pistachios affects body weight and composition, energy compensation, satiety, and nutrient intake. Methods In a randomized, controlled, open trial, 60 pre-menopausal women, non-usual consumers of nuts, consumed either 44 g (250 kcal) of pistachios mid-morning (n = 30) or maintained their current eating habits for 12 weeks (n = 30). Pistachios were varietals grown in California, dry-roasted, low salt. Ad libitum food intake (under laboratory and free living conditions) and appetite sensations (Visual Analogue Scales) were investigated at the beginning and end of the intervention. Body weight and composition (DEXA) were compared at the beginning and end of the intervention. Results Daily consumption of 44 g pistachios did not alter body weight or composition. Partial energy compensation occurred at the subsequent meals, mostly via reduced intakes of total and simple carbohydrates and starch, in accordance with decreased hunger and increased satiety sensations following the morning snack. Responses were the same before and after the 12-week habituation to the snack. Intakes of MUFA, PUFA, linoleic acid and micronutrients (thiamin, pyridoxine, copper, manganese, zinc) were significantly higher among women consuming the pistachio snack, in spite of the compensatory changes in intake. Conclusions Daily intake of 44 g pistachios improves nutritional intake without affecting body weight or composition in healthy women. The additional calories provided by the pistachios induced satiety and were compensated by a reduction in caloric intake at other eating events, and so had no adverse effects on weight regulation or body composition. Funding Sources American Pistachio Growers, USA.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf Extract on Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Na’ima Musa Sani ◽  
Abdulhamid Abubakar ◽  
Nwagu Jude
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Pancreatic Islets Of Langerhans

Aims: Ocimum gratissimum is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in the management of many diseases including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this research was to evaluate hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of Ocimum gratissimum leaf extracts on diabetic rats. Study Design: Mention the design of the study here. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Between february 2021 and June 2021. Methodology: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedures. The extract was administered orally (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, for 21 days) to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic effects, change in body weight, lipid profile and antioxidant activities of diabetic rats treated with the extract were assessed and compared with normal, diabetic control and standard drug treated rats. Histological examination of the pancreas during 21 days of treatment was also carried out. Results: The extract produced a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Significant differences were also observed in body weights, serum lipid profile and levels of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes of Ocimum gratissimum methanol extract treated diabetic rats, when compared with diabetic, normal and standard drug treated rats. Histopathological studies of the pancreas showed comparable regeneration of the cells by extract which were earlier necrosed by alloxan. Methanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum exhibit significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The extract could be further processed towards the management of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Ocimum gratissimum extract showed a promising good hypoglycemic effect, the extracts also exhibit hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities on diabetic rats. There was regeneration of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Therefore at acute dose the extracts can serve as an alternative in the management of diabetes mellitus.

Effect ofCitrus maximajuice on fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, liver enzyme and body weight

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 755-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peace Nwanneka Ani ◽  
Precious Chisom Aginam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the effect ofCitrus maximajuice on fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, liver enzyme and body weight of alloxan-induced diabetic adult wistar rats.Design/methodology/approachThe fruits were thoroughly washed with potable water. They were peeled; the epicarp and seeds were removed. Fruit juice was extracted from the pulp. Animal experiment was carried out using 21 adult male wistar rats weighing about 110-130 g. The rats were categorized into three groups (A-C), with each group consisting of seven rats of similar body weights. Diabetes was induced using alloxan. Rats in Groups A and B were administered 300 mg and 600 mg ofC. maximafruit juice/kg body weight/day, respectively, for 14 days, while Group C rats acted as control and received placebo. Biochemical analysis was performed using standard procedures. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 21.FindingsBlood glucose of rats in the treated groups decreased significantly (p< 0.05) from 454.7 and 569.7 mg/dl to 149.3 and 297.3 mg/dl, respectively, while the control increased from 257.0 to 46.57 mg/dl. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels of Group B rats reduced significantly (p< 0.05), while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased (p< 0.05). Body weight of rats in the treated groups increased significantly (p< 0.05) by 30.1 and 20.2 per cent in Groups A and B, respectively, compared to the control group, which reduced by 0.21 per cent. There was no significant effect on markers of liver damage.Practical implicationsThe rate at which diabetes and other non-communicable diseases increase recently calls for affordable and sustainable management.Social implicationsDiabetes is one of the major health and development challenges of the 21st century, its complications are disabling and life threatening.Originality/valueThe hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic properties demonstrated byC. maximafruit juice suggest its potential contribution in reducing/stabilizing blood glucose level and managing complications of diabetes.

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