scholarly journals Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf Extract on Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Na’ima Musa Sani ◽  
Abdulhamid Abubakar ◽  
Nwagu Jude
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Pancreatic Islets Of Langerhans

Aims: Ocimum gratissimum is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in the management of many diseases including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this research was to evaluate hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of Ocimum gratissimum leaf extracts on diabetic rats. Study Design: Mention the design of the study here. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Between february 2021 and June 2021. Methodology: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedures. The extract was administered orally (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, for 21 days) to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic effects, change in body weight, lipid profile and antioxidant activities of diabetic rats treated with the extract were assessed and compared with normal, diabetic control and standard drug treated rats. Histological examination of the pancreas during 21 days of treatment was also carried out. Results: The extract produced a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Significant differences were also observed in body weights, serum lipid profile and levels of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes of Ocimum gratissimum methanol extract treated diabetic rats, when compared with diabetic, normal and standard drug treated rats. Histopathological studies of the pancreas showed comparable regeneration of the cells by extract which were earlier necrosed by alloxan. Methanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum exhibit significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The extract could be further processed towards the management of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Ocimum gratissimum extract showed a promising good hypoglycemic effect, the extracts also exhibit hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities on diabetic rats. There was regeneration of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Therefore at acute dose the extracts can serve as an alternative in the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic potential of the leaf extract of Centella asiatica in alloxaninduced diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talha Bin Emran ◽  
Mycal Dutta ◽  
Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin ◽  
Aninda Kumar Nath ◽  
Md Zia Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat

The study was designed to evaluate the glucose and cholesterol lowering effect of the aqueous extract of Centella asiatica leaf using the alloxan-induced diabetic rats and compared the activity with diabetic control and antidiabetic drug (Glibenclamide). Leaf extract (50 mg/kg) of C. asiatica and Glibenclamide were administered to normal and experimental diabetic rats for the duration of 10 days. In the alloxan-induced diabetic rat model, C. asiatica extract (50 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the fasting blood glucose level as well as the total cholesterol level. Serum insulin levels were not stimulated in the animals treated with the extract. In addition, changes in body weight, serum lipid profiles and liver glycogen levels assessed in the extract treated diabetic rats were compared with diabetic control and normal animals. Significant results (p < 0.05) were observed in the estimated parameters. Surprisingly, body weight was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the C. asiatica treated diabetic group. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids and tannins in significant amountsJahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 4(1): 51-59, 2015 (June)

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic potential of Plectranthus lanuginosus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2095-2100
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Mukhtar ◽  
Waleed H. Almalki ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed ◽  
Aisha Azmat
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Purpose: To determine the antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of Plectranthus lanuginosus leaves in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic (HGD) rats. Methods: P. lanuginosus leaves were collected from Saad Medhas, Al Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. After defatting with n-hexane, they were extracted in vacuo at 40 oC with 75 % methanol. Streptozotocin (50 mgkg−1, i.p.) was used to induce hyperglycemia (diabetes) in the rats. The HGD rats received either standard drug (glibenclamide, 10 mgkg−1, p.o.) or Plectranthus lanuginosus leaf methanol leaf extract (PLLM) at doses of 200 and 400 mgkg−1/day, p.o. for 21 consecutive days. Blood samples were taken from the rat tails 2 h after dosing, and at 7-day intervals (i.e., 0, 7th, 14th and 21st days). The blood samples were used for measurement of fasting blood glucose (FBS), using a glucometer. On the 21st day, the rats were sacrificed via cardiac puncture. The activities of liver marker enzymes (SGPT and SGOT), and serum lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL) were determined using a hemolyzer. Results: Streptozotocin treatment produced significant hyperglycemia in the rats (348.9 ± 5.6) when compared to control (79.2 ± 1.3). However, PLLM (200 and 400 mg kg−1) produced significant and dose-dependent anti-diabetic (166.4 ± 5.6 and 123.86 ± 6.8 respectively) and antihyperlipidemic effects in HGD rats, at levels similar to those produced by the standard drug, glibenclamide (120.6 ± 6.4). Conclusion: P. lanuginosus leaf extract possesses pronounced anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic properties which may be due to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid constituents in the plant. Therefore, the plant extract can be further developed for the management of diabetes

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic Potential of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Ayobami ◽  
E. A. Kade ◽  
K. A. Oladimeji ◽  
S. Kehinde ◽  
K. Gurpreet
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum

AbstractThe incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing globally and it is a major source of concern. This study was undertaken to assess the antidiabetic effect of the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina. Sixty adult Wistar rats with body weight of 120-150 g were randomly assigned to groups of five rats each (n=12). Groups 1 served as normal control; Groups 2-5 were diabetic groups; group 2 served as negative control; group 3-5 received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of triherbal formula respectively. The body weight (BW) and fasting blood glucose level (FBSL) of the rats were monitored weekly. At the end of the experiment, all the rats were anaesthetized intraperitoneally (I.P) and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. There was an increase in the BW of the control group and varying doses of tri-herbal formation. It caused 88.0% decrease in FBSL; 371.7%, 386.6% and 296.0% with respect to 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. Sub-chronic study of the effect of the extract showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in packed cell volume (PCV), white blood counts in rat induced diabetes. The histological studies showed that the diabetic rats with the architecture of the pancreas distorted, was restored to normal by the extract. Its LD50 was found to be greater than 1000 mg/kg indicating its safety in rats. This study has shown that triherbal formula has hypoglycemic and haematogical effects.

scholarly journals The plant Extracts ofMomordica CharantiaandTrigonella Foenum GraecumHave Antioxidant and Anti-Hyperglycemic Properties for Cardiac Tissue During Diabetes Mellitus

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Nath Tripathi ◽  
Deepak Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Continuous Administration ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum

Oxidative stress is currently suggested to play a major role in the development of diabetes mellitus. There is an increasing demand of natural anti-diabetic agents, as continuous administration of existing drugs and insulin are associated with many side effects and toxicity. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect ofMomordica charantia(MC) andTrigonella foenum graecum(TFG) extracts (aqueous) on antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in heart tissue of normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. In a 30 days treatment, rats were divided into six groups (I-VI) of five animals in each, experiments were repeated thrice. Administration of MC (13.33 g pulp/kg body weight/day) and TFG (9 g seeds powder/kg body weight/day) extracts in diabetic rats has remarkably improved the elevated levels of fasting blood glucose. A significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (p<0.001) and significant increase in the activities of key antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH ) contents in heart tissue of diabetic rats were observed (group V and VI) upon MC and TFG treatment. Our studies demonstrate the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidative potential ofMomordica charantiaandTrigonella foenum graecum, which could exert beneficial effects against the diabetes and associated free radicals complications in heart tissue.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Antinutrients, Food Toxicants Analysis and Comparative Efficacy of Methanol Extracts of Selected Vegetables of Adamawa State Nigeria on the Haematological Parameters of Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Nwankwo Rita Ngozi ◽  
Ocheola-Oki Joyce Ene ◽  
Monsurat Moshod Tunrayo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanol Extracts

Purpose: Phytochemicals present in vegetables has been associated with the health potentials of leafy vegetables. Diabetes has been implicated with increased oxidative stress leading to alteration of haematological parameters among other complications. This study investigated the phytochemicals, antinutrients and toxicants contents of methanol extracts of Hibiscus cannabinus, Adansonia digitata, Sesamum indicum and Cassia tora leaves and compared the effect of their leaves extract on some haematological parameters of alloxan – induced diabetic rats using standard methods of analysis.Methodology: Fifty-five (55) male albino rats weighing 120 – 150g divided into 11 groups of five rats each were used.  One diabetic untreated rat group, one diabetic group treated with standard drug ,8 diabetic groups treated with graded doses of the vegetable extracts and one normal group as control. All the groups received water and feed ad libitum together with their various treatments for 23 days. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the rats for determination of PCV, Hb, WBC, and RBC. ANOVA was used to separate the means of all the data collected with significance at p< 0.05 using Statistical Package for Scientist and Engineers (SPSE) version 9.1.Results: Results showed reasonable levels of phytochemicals, antinutrient and toxicants levels within WHO safe limits. Results of animal studies showed that administration of 500mg of Hibiscus cannabinus leaf extract increased the PCV, HB, WBC and RBC of diabetic rats more than all the other vegetable extracts (p<0.05). It also improved the WBC and RBC better than standard drug. This shows that Hibiscus cannabinus leaf extract might improve some haematological parameters associated with diabetes mellitus, however its inhibitory effect on higher dose raised concern for further investigation.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Hibiscus cannabinus leaf extract could be used in the dietary management of haematological abnormalities associated with the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus by health care systems

scholarly journals The Impact of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Soursop on Glucose and Lipid Profile in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
P. E. Ejembi ◽  
J. I. Oche ◽  
J. O. Ejembi ◽  
L. S. Zaccheaus
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
The Impact

The blood glucose, total serum cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Triglyceride (TRIG) levels of all rats in each group were determined before induction, post-induction with alloxan and post treatment with various concentrations of extract and standard drug. The alloxan diabetic rats treated with gliberclamide and aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata showed average means of body weights as; (235.73±3.14a, 263.94±2.25a and 236.5±1.74a) respectively after 4 weeks of treatment. The Glucose level revealed; 168.43±5.06e, 65.29±4.57f and 57.86±3.93e respectively. Lipid profile raised significantly post exposure of diabetic rats to both standard drug and extract after 4 weeks of treatment. Therefore, A. muricata compared favorably with the standard drug in the context of diabetes management.

scholarly journals Guava Leaf Extract Diminishes Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress, Prevents β-Cell Death, Inhibits Inflammation, and Regulates NF-kB Signaling Pathway in STZ Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthukumaran Jayachandran ◽  
Ramachandran Vinayagam ◽  
Ranga Rao Ambati ◽  
Baojun Xu ◽  
Stephen Sum Man Chung
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Diabetes In Animals ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Guava Leaf

Traditional Chinese medication has been utilized by Chinese medical practitioners to treat the varied symptoms of diabetes mellitus (DM). Notably, guava leaf has been used to treat diabetes in Asia. Our present study has been designed to analyze the action of guava leaf extract (GLE) at the molecular level in treating DM. A low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce experimental diabetes in animals. Rats were treated with GLE at different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w.). The standard drug glibenclamide (GB) (600 μg/kg b.w.) was used for comparison. The diabetic rats showed a reduced level of insulin, accompanied by exaggerated levels of blood glucose, lipid peroxidation product, and augmented expressions of inflammatory cytokines, and showed reduced levels of antioxidants compared to the control rats. Supplementation with GLE counteracted the consequences of STZ. It suppresses the oxidative stress and inhibits the state of inflammation and the results are almost similar to that of standard drug group (GB group 5). Our present research, therefore, provides useful data concerning guava leaf extract by a thorough assessment in diabetes management. Being a natural product, additional analysis on GLE can shed light on finding effective phytochemicals within the field of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Gmelina arboreaRoxb. (Family: Verbenaceae) Extract Upregulates theβ-Cell Regeneration in STZ Induced Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoja Priyadarshani Attanayake ◽  
Kamani Ayoma Perera Wijewardana Jayatilaka ◽  
Chitra Pathirana ◽  
Lakmini Kumari Boralugoda Mudduwa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Cell Regeneration ◽  
Standard Drug

Gmelina arboreaRoxb. (common name: Et-demata, Family: Verbenaceae) has been used traditionally in Sri Lanka as a remedy against diabetes mellitus. The objective of the present study was to evaluate antidiabetic mechanisms of the aqueous bark extract ofG. arboreain streptozotocin induced (STZ) diabetic male Wistar rats. Aqueous bark extract ofG. arborea(1.00 g/kg) and glibenclamide as the standard drug (0.50 mg/kg) were administered orally using a gavage to STZ diabetic rats (65 mg/kg, ip) for 30 days. The antidiabetic mechanisms of aqueous extract ofG. arborea(1.00 g/kg) were determined at the end of the experiment. The fasting blood glucose concentration was significantly lowered and the serum insulin and C-peptide concentrations were increased by 57% and 39% in plant extract treated rats on day 30, respectively (p<0.05). The histopathology and immunohistochemistry results of the plant extract treated group showed a regenerative effect onβ-cells of the pancreas in diabetic rats. In addition, serum lipid parameters were improved inG. arboreaextract treated diabetic rats. The results revealed that the aqueous stem bark extract ofG. arborea(1.00 g/kg) showed beneficial effects against diabetes mellitus through upregulating theβ-cell regeneration and biosynthesis of insulin in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Study on Synergistic Effect of Bromocriptine and Sitagliptin in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindaraj Nileshraj ◽  
Chandrasekaran Swithraa ◽  
Murugesan Sakthibalan ◽  
Maruti Shripati Sawadkar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Fasting Blood Sugar ◽  
Liver Parameters ◽  
Dose Combination

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a potentially morbid condition with high prevalence worldwide. Restoration of euglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus is difficult to achieve due to its multifactorial pathogenesis and frequently requires multiple anti-diabetic medications with different mechanism of action. This study is based on the possible synergistic effect of Sitagliptin and Bromocriptine in reducing blood sugar in diabetic animal models. Aim: To evaluate the effect of Sitagliptin and Bromocriptinemonotherapy and their combination in three different doses on blood sugar, Lipid profile, Liver and renal parameters in diabetic albino Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: An experimental animal study was conducted on 48 adult male albino wistar rats for a period of one month (August 2014). Streptozotocin induced (40 mg/kg IP) diabetic rats were divided into six groups of eight animals each weighing 150-200 gms. Group I- Vehicle (distilled water), Group II- Sitagliptin (100 mg/kg), Group III- Bromocriptine (10 mg/kg), Group IV- Sitagliptin (75 mg/kg) + Bromocriptine (7.5 mg/kg), Group V- Sitagliptin (100 mg/kg) + Bromocriptine (10 mg/kg), Group VI- Sitagliptin (125 mg/kg) + Bromocriptine (12.5 mg/kg). All drugs were given once daily (p.o) for four weeks. Body weight, fasting blood sugar, fasting lipid profile, liver parameters and renal parameters were estimated before and after administration of the drugs. Results were analyzed with SPSS software version 16.0 using one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Dunnett t test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The low dose combination therapy [Sitagliptin (75 mg/kg) + Bromocriptine (7.5 mg/kg)] showed a significant decrease in body weight (p<0.05), fasting blood sugar (p<0.001) compared with the vehicle group. It also showed a favorable lipid profile, renal and liver parameters compared with the vehicle, monotherapy and other combination regimens. Conclusion: The low dose combination therapy of Sitagliptin and Bromocriptine showed a better control over fasting blood sugar along with a beneficial effect on lipid profile, liver parameters and renal parameters than compared to other groups.

Hepatoprotective effect of seabuckthorn leaf extract in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Khajuria ◽  
P. Raghuwanshi ◽  
A. Rastogi ◽  
A. L. Koul ◽  
R. Zargar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Seabuckthorn leaf extract (SLE) supplementation on serum enzymatic levels in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats. Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups namely CON (negative control), SCO (Seabuckthorn control), DCO (Diabetic control), and DSL (Diabetic seabuckthorn treatment group). Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intra peritoneal injection of STZ @ 50 mg/kg body weight in DCO and DSL group of rats. SLE was administered orally @ 100mg/kg body weight for 40 days to SCO and DSL groups. CON served as the negative control. Blood samples were collected from experimental animals on zero, 20th, and 40th days of trial to study liver specific serum enzyme profile viz aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP). Significantly (P less than 0.01) higher levels of all the enzymes studied were observed in experimentally induced diabetic rats in comparison to normal rats. However, in SLE treated diabetic rats (DSL group), significant (P less than 0.01) improvement was observed in all the above enzymes. It may be concluded that SLE exerts hepatoprotective effect in STZ induce Diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats.

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