Study and Evaluation of the release of Flavonoids extracted from various Eggplant cones from Semisolid Pharmaceutical Forms (In vitro)

2021 ◽  
pp. 5411-5417
Author(s):  
Jameela Hasian
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Organic Solutions ◽  
Release Model ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Active Substances

Various semisolid pharmaceutical forms have been prepared from eggplant calyx extract which rich in flavonoids and antioxidants. These ingredients were titrated in the prepared extracts, and then incorporated into the prepared pharmaceutical forms. Eggplant calyxes were used for three varieties cultivated in Syria. The flavonoids were extracted from them by using several aqueous and organic solutions. Three types of extracts were prepared for each type of eggplant (aqueous, ethanolic 70%, methanolic). The ethanolic extract of black eggplant showed the highest content of flavonoids. The black eggplant extract contained the largest amount of flavonoids in the three types of extracts. The antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts was measured by measuring its ability to remove free radicals of the fixed root DPPH, and the ethanolic extract of the black eggplant showed the best antioxidant capacity. Three topical pharmaceutical formulas were prepared of the ethanolic extract 70% for the rectangular black eggplant calyx, and the kinetics of the release of the main components from them in vitro was studied using a Franz cell, within four hours to determine the release model for each formulation in order to compare the formulas and select the best one. The cream of the (o / w) pattern gave the best release of the active substances because it released the highest percentage (92%) after two hours and the release pattern was of the zero order, while the rest of the formulas had the highest percentage of release after four hours with some deficiency of the active substances in them.

Fabrication and Release Kinetics of Liposomes Containing Leuprolide Acetate

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Sudipta Das ◽  
Arnab Samanta ◽  
Koushik Bankura ◽  
Debatri Roy ◽  
Amit Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Leuprolide Acetate ◽  
Lipid Film ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Liposomal Formulations ◽  
Kinetics Of

The present work is focused on the preparation and in vitro release kinetics of liposomal formulation of Leuprolide Acetate. In this work, “Thin Lipid Film Hydration Method” was used for preparation of Leuprolide Acetate loaded liposomes. Prepared liposomal formulations of Leuprolide acetate was evaluated by drug entrapment study, in-vitro drug release kinetics and stability studies. The percentage drug entrapment of Leuprolide acetate for F1 and F2 formulations were found to be 78.14 ± 0.67 and 66.70 ± 0.81% respectively. In-vitro drug release study of liposomal formulations had shown zero order release pattern. Regression co-efficient (R2) value of Zero order kinetics for F1 and F2 formulations were 0.9912 and 0.9676 respectively. After storing formulations for 1 month, stability testing was done at 40C.It was found that all batches were stable. These liposomal formulations of Leuprolide acetate can be formulated for parenteral application to treat prostate cancer and in women, to treat symptoms of endometriosis (overgrowth of uterine lining outside of the uterus) or uterine fibroids.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Matricaria chamomilla Ethanolic Extract on Hippocampal Neuron Damage in Rats Exposed to Formaldehyde

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Sayyar ◽  
Alireza Yazdinezhad ◽  
Maryam Hassan ◽  
Iraj Jafari Anarkooli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Passive Avoidance Learning ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Formaldehyde, as a frequently used compound in many applications, crosses the blood-brain barrier and leads to hippocampal cell death and memory impairment. This study investigates the effects of ethanolic extract of Matricaria chamomilla (MC) on passive avoidance learning induced by damaged hippocampal cells and evaluates the antioxidant traits of MC. The male Wistar rats were divided into six (6 in each) groups: control (10 mg/kg normal saline), 200 (200 mg/kg MC extract), 500 (500 mg/kg MC extract), F (10 mg/kg formaldehyde), F200 (10 mg/kg formaldehyde and 200 mg/kg MC extract), and F500 (10 mg/kg formaldehyde and 500 mg/kg MC extract). Shuttle box assay was used for evaluation of passive avoidance learning. The apoptosis rate of hippocampal tissue, malondialdehyde (MDA) free radicals, and total antioxidant capacity was evaluated to determine the positive effect of the ethanolic extract of MC. We found that the ethanolic extract of MC reduced the cell death, time spent in a dark room, and MDA free radicals in the hippocampus, leading to increased total antioxidant capacity in this region. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of MC could ameliorate formaldehyde-induced memory damage through decreasing cell death and MDA activity of the hippocampal region and increasing total antioxidant capacity.

Isolation and HPLC Quantitative Analysis of Antioxidant Flavonoids from Alternanthera tenella Colla

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos J. Salvador ◽  
Eliane O. Ferreira ◽  
Susanne U. Mertens-Talcott ◽  
Whocely Victor De Castro ◽  
Veronika Butterweck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Abstract Phytochemical analysis of the antioxidant ethanolic extract of Alternanthera tenella Colla led to the isolation of six flavonoids, acacetin 8-C-[α-ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside] (1), 2″-O-α-ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl-vitexin (2), 2″-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-vitexin (3), vitexin (4), quercetin (5) and kaempferol (6). All the structures were established by ESIMS and NMR spectroscopic methods. Antioxidant capacity of extract, fractions and isolated compounds was determined using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay and extract, fractions and flavonoids isolated showed antioxidant activity in vitro. Moreover, the total soluble phenolic contents of the extract and fractions were measured using the Folin- Ciocalteau reagent and the quantitative analysis of flavone C-glycosides major constituents was performed by HPLC

scholarly journals Control of the Transdermal Delivery Process of Active Substances of the Phytocomplex during Phonophoresis in Model Experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 2079-2083
Author(s):  
Liudmila Ivanovna Babaskina ◽  
Tatiana Mikhailovna Litvinova ◽  
Dmitrii Vladimirovich Babaskin ◽  
Olga Valerevna Krylova
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Model Experiments ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Franz Diffusion Cells ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Active Substances

BACKGROUND: The scientific substantiation for the selection of therapeutically significant dosage of phytocomplex in the dosage form for phonophoresis, control over the delivery of active substances into the body, and what affects this process require the study of the kinetics of phytocomplex flavonoids delivery during phonophoresis. AIM: The aim was to study the possibilities of controlling the process of transdermal delivery of phytocomplex active substances (flavonoids) during phonophoresis in vitro model experiments. METHODS: Working compositions with different concentrations of phytocomplex for phonophoresis were used. The content of flavonoids in the compositions was determined using the spectrophotometric method and was calculated equivalent to quercetin, the flavonoid prevailing in the phytocomplex. The study of the kinetics of flavonoids delivery from working compositions was carried out using Franz diffusion cells and Carbosyl-P membranes. The authors determined the main parameters of the process and established the dependence of the delivery rate of flavonoids on their initial concentration in the working composition. The authors studied the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide and the base-forming substances of the working composition on the kinetics of phytocomplex flavonoid delivery during phonophoresis. RESULTS: The authors recorded an increase in the rate of delivery of the active substances from working compositions containing dimethyl sulfoxide into the model medium by almost 1.5-2 times during the first ten minutes of the experiment (approximate duration of the phonophoresis procedure). The authors proposed technological techniques for improvement of the phonophoresis method for the phytocomplex. The possibilities of control over the process of transdermal delivery of the phytocomplex active ingredients during phonophoresis in vitro model experiments were shown. CONCLUSION: The obtained results provide information for further pharmacological studies of the nature and mechanism of the effect of phytocomplex flavonoids during phonophoresis in the rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthrosis.

scholarly journals TOTAL PHENOLICS AND FLAVONOIDS DETERMINATION AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY EVALUATION OF Poincianella bracteosa (FABACEAE) EXTRACTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Marcel Mark da Silva PASSOS ◽  
Erica Porto FERNANDES ◽  
Simone Andrade GUALBERTO ◽  
Sandra Lúcia da Cunha SILVA ◽  
Débora Cardoso DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Reduction Of Iron

Popularly known as “catingueira”, Poincianella Bracteosa is widely used by communities in the vicinity of the municipality of Tanhaçu, in Bahia to combat cough and bronchitis, therefore, based on data from a survey was performed ethnobotanical Phytochemical prospecting of the ethanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of poincianella Bracteosa, as well as the determination of antioxidant capacity and the levels of total phenolics and flavonoids present in the ethanolic extract and fractions. The study involved the obtaining of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of the species under study, by percolation with a 70% solution hidroetanólica. The fractionation of the ethanolic extract was performed with three different solvent (hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The preliminary analysis of chemical composition was made by in vitro tests, with specific reagents for the different classes of secondary metabolites. The quantification of phenolics and total flavonoids was made by methods espectrofotométricos in the region of visible. The assessment of antioxidant capacity was performed by the method of kidnapping of free radicals DPPH and by method of reduction of iron ions (FRAP). The results of chemical prospecting demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, gums and mucilage, heterosídeos antociânicos and condensed tannins in the ethanolic extract, being confirmed by quantification of total phenolics and total flavonoids. The ethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fractions (SAF) and diclorometânica (FD) showed a strong antioxidant capacity, being that the SAF fraction was the most active, with EC50 of 3.07±0.05 μg.mL-1.The results show that the studied species is rich in phenolic compounds and has a strong antioxidant capacity, showing great potential for application as a natural antioxidant.

scholarly journals The The Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities in Vitro of White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Preparations

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 2404-2412
Author(s):  
Santun Bhekti Rahimah ◽  
Dhiah Dianawaty Djunaedi ◽  
Arto Yuwono Soeroto ◽  
Tatang Bisri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Active Substances

BACKGROUND: The popular commercially cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom contains very high nutrients and bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. The ethanolic extract seems to be the most active in preparation. AIM: This study has an aim to compare the phytochemical analysis of a fresh, dry and ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus, to measure the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities in vitro of ethanolic extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus. METHODS: The fresh plant's materials (FPM), dry plants materials (DPM), ethanolic extracts were macerated with 70% (EE70) and 96% ethanol (EE96) of Pleurotus ostreatus which were used for phytochemical analysis, and EE96 was used for antioxidant activity in vitro. The phytochemical analysis was conducted using the Dragendorf and Meyer, FeCl3 test, Salkowsky method, Lieberman method, amyl alcohol, foam test and the NaOH reagent. The total phenol test was carried out using the Follin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activity was tested using the ABTS and H2O2 essay. RESULTS: The phytochemical screening showed that the flavonoid, phenolic compounds, tannin, saponin, alkaloids, and steroids were detected in the FPM, DPM, EE70 and also the EE96. The alkaloid, however, was not identified by the Meyer Reagent in the FPM and DPM. The DPM and EE70 seemed to have the highest amount of saponin based on the foam that was formed. Meanwhile, steroids and flavonoids were detected at a higher level in the EE96, based on the strength of visible colour. However, triterpenoid and quinones could not be identified. In the total phenol test, there was an amount of 6.67 μg phenol in a 1 mg extract sample which was equivalent to 1 mg of Gallic Acid. The EE96 has an IC50 of 108.07 μg/mL for ABTS and an IC50 reduction of 229.17 μg/mL. The process of Pleurotus ostreatus drying did not reduce the content of active substances. The polar active substances seem to be more soluble in the EE70 than the EE96. CONCLUSION: The higher the bioactive substances in the preparation, the more significant the bio-therapeutic effects. Ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus has a phenol content and a good antioxidant action.  

Assessment of antioxidant capacity for scavenging free radicals in vitro: A rational basis and practical application

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1242-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuki Takashima ◽  
Masanori Horie ◽  
Mototada Shichiri ◽  
Yoshihisa Hagihara ◽  
Yasukazu Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Rational Basis ◽  
Practical Application

Determination of the Antioxidant Capacity of JiangHuang JiangZhi Capsule with DPPH Assay in Vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 913-916
Author(s):  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Xiang Zhou Li ◽  
Chun Tao Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Dpph Assay

To investigate the antioxidant effect in vitro of JiangHuang JiangZhi capsule, different concentrations of content of capsule were determinated by DPPH assay method. Results showed Jianghuang Jiangzhi capsule had antioxidant capacity on eliminating DPPH free radicals.

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