Assessment of antioxidant capacity for scavenging free radicals in vitro: A rational basis and practical application

Various semisolid pharmaceutical forms have been prepared from eggplant calyx extract which rich in flavonoids and antioxidants. These ingredients were titrated in the prepared extracts, and then incorporated into the prepared pharmaceutical forms. Eggplant calyxes were used for three varieties cultivated in Syria. The flavonoids were extracted from them by using several aqueous and organic solutions. Three types of extracts were prepared for each type of eggplant (aqueous, ethanolic 70%, methanolic). The ethanolic extract of black eggplant showed the highest content of flavonoids. The black eggplant extract contained the largest amount of flavonoids in the three types of extracts. The antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts was measured by measuring its ability to remove free radicals of the fixed root DPPH, and the ethanolic extract of the black eggplant showed the best antioxidant capacity. Three topical pharmaceutical formulas were prepared of the ethanolic extract 70% for the rectangular black eggplant calyx, and the kinetics of the release of the main components from them in vitro was studied using a Franz cell, within four hours to determine the release model for each formulation in order to compare the formulas and select the best one. The cream of the (o / w) pattern gave the best release of the active substances because it released the highest percentage (92%) after two hours and the release pattern was of the zero order, while the rest of the formulas had the highest percentage of release after four hours with some deficiency of the active substances in them.

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Determination of the Antioxidant Capacity of JiangHuang JiangZhi Capsule with DPPH Assay in Vitro

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.913 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 913-916

Author(s):

Sheng Zhang ◽

Xiang Zhou Li ◽

Chun Tao Kuang

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Effect ◽

Assay Method ◽

Dpph Assay

To investigate the antioxidant effect in vitro of JiangHuang JiangZhi capsule, different concentrations of content of capsule were determinated by DPPH assay method. Results showed Jianghuang Jiangzhi capsule had antioxidant capacity on eliminating DPPH free radicals.

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In vitro free radicals scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity of solid-state fermented wheat bran and its potential modulation of antioxidative molecular targets in chicken PBMC

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1806-92902016000800005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (8) ◽

pp. 451-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chaio-Chun Wang ◽

Chi-Huan Chang ◽

Shen-Chang Chang ◽

Geng-Jen Fan ◽

Min-Jung Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Solid State ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Wheat Bran ◽

Molecular Targets ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Free Radicals Scavenging

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The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000116 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 228-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mauro Serafini ◽

Giuseppa Morabito

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

The Body ◽

Dietary Polyphenols ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽

Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

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Antioxidant Capacity of Calcium Lactate on m-Calpain Activity In Vitro

10.31274/ans_air-180814-1237 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Yuan Kim ◽

Edward M. Steadham ◽

Steven M. Lonergan ◽

Elisabeth J. Huff-Lonergan

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Calcium Lactate ◽

Calpain Activity

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Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Male Smokers

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207322666190806123616 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 496-501

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽

Parisa Falsafi ◽

Hamidreza Abolsamadi ◽

Mohammad T. Goodarzi ◽

Jalal Poorolajal

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

The Body ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

The Mean ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: Cigarette smoke free radicals can cause cellular damage and different diseases. All the body fluids have antioxidants which protect against free radicals. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary total antioxidant capacity and peroxidase, uric acid and malondialdehyde levels in smokers and a nonsmoking control group. Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected from 510 males. A total of 259 subjects were current smokers and 251 were non-smokers. The levels of salivary total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, peroxidase and malondialdehyde were measured using standard procedures. Data were analyzed with t test and ANOVA. Results: The smokers were younger and dental hygiene index was higher than healthy nonsmoking controls. The mean total antioxidant capacity in smokers and nonsmokers was 0.13±0.07 and 0.21±011, respectively (P=0.001). Smokers had significantly lower peroxidase and uric acid levels than healthy controls. In addition, the mean malondialdehyde levels in the smokers and nonsmokers were 4.55 ±2.61 and 2.79 ±2.21, respectively (P=0.001). Conclusion: Cigarette smoke produces free radical and oxidative stress, causing many side effects. Salivary antioxidant levels decreased and malondialdehyde levels increased in smokers, indicating the high oxidative stress among smokers compared to nonsmokers. Cigarette smoke had deleterious effects on main salivary antioxidants levels.

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Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activity of New Analogs of RC-121 Synthetic Derivatives of Somatostatin

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520618666180417164344 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 1417-1424 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emilia Naydenova ◽

Diana Wesselinova ◽

Svetlana Staykova ◽

Ivan Goshev ◽

Ljubomir Vezenkov

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Colorectal Cancer Cell Line ◽

Cervical Cancer Cell Line ◽

Synthetic Derivatives ◽

Derivatives Of

Background: Based on the structure of RC-121 (D-Phe-c (Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys)-Thr-NH2, - synthetic derivatives of somatostatin), some analogs were synthesized and tested for in vitro cytotoxic and antioxidant activity. Objectives: The new analogs were modifyed at position 5 with Dap (diaminopropanoic acid), Dab (diaminobutanoic acid) and Orn and at position 6 with the unnatural amino acids Tle (t-leucine). Methods: The in vitro cytotoxic effects of the substances were investigated against a panel of human tumor cell lines HT-29 (Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line), MDA-MB-23 (Human Breast Cancer Cell Line), Hep G-2 (Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line) and HeLa (cervical cancer cell line). The antioxidant capacities were tested by ORAC (Oxygen Radical Antioxidant Capacity) and HORAC (Hydroxyl Radical Averting Capacity) methods. Results: All substances expressed significantly higher antioxidant capacity by comparison with galic acid and Trolox. All substances showed considerable antioxidant capacity as well. Compound 2T (D-Phe-c(Cys-Tyr-DTrp- Dap-Tle-Cys)-Thr-NH2)had the highest antioxidant effect. The compound 4T (D-Phe-c(Cys-Tyr-D-Trp- Orn-Tle-Cys)-Thr-NH2) displayed antiproliferative effect on HeLa cells with IC50 30 µM. The peptide analog 3T (D-Phe-c(Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Tle-Cys)-Thr-NH2) exerted the most pronounced inhibition on the cell vitality up to 53%, 56% and 65% resp. against MDA-MB-23, Hep G-2, HeLa in the higher tested concentration. Conclusion: The somatostatin analogs showed moderate influence on the vitality of different tumor cells and could be used in changing their pathology.

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Improved Antioxidant Capacity of Black Tea Waste Utilizing PlantCrystals

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 592 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abraham M. Abraham ◽

Reem M. Alnemari ◽

Jana Brüßler ◽

Cornelia M. Keck

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Black Tea ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Small Scale ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Plant Waste

Antioxidants are recommended to prevent and treat oxidative stress diseases. Plants are a balanced source of natural antioxidants, but the poor solubility of plant active molecules in aqueous media can be a problem for the formulation of pharmaceutical products. The potential of PlantCrystal technology is known to improve the extraction efficacy and antioxidant capacity (AOC) of different plants. However, it is not yet proved for plant waste. Black tea (BT) infusion is consumed worldwide and thus a huge amount of waste occurs as a result. Therefore, BT waste was recycled into PlantCrystals using small-scale bead milling. Their characteristics were compared with the bulk-materials and tea infusion, including particle size and antioxidant capacity (AOC) in-vitro. Waste PlantCrystals possessed a size of about 280 nm. Their AOC increased with decreasing size according to the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) assays. The AOC of the waste increased about nine-fold upon nanonization, leading to a significantly higher AOC than the bulk-waste and showed no significant difference to the infusion and the used standard according to DPPH assay. Based on the results, it is confirmed that the PlantCrystal technology represents a natural, cost-effective plant-waste recycling method and presents an alternative source of antioxidant phenolic compounds.

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