Effect of Methanol Extract, Methanol Fraction, and N-Hexane Fraction of Parijoto Fruit (Medinilla speciosa) on Seminal Parameters and Testicular Weight of Male Sprague Dawley Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 5926-5930
Author(s):  
Rina Wijayanti ◽  
Subagus Wahyuono ◽  
Ika Puspitasari ◽  
Dicky M. Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Seminal Parameters ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Infertility occurs in 2 million couples or 17% of couples who are married more than 2 years but are not pregnant or have signs of pregnancy. In couples who do not have children, 50% of male infertility factors are caused by abnormalities in semen. Empirically, parijoto fruits (Medinilla speciosa Blume) are used by the people of Kudus, Central Java, Indonesia to increase fertility. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of methanol extract, methanol fraction, and n-hexane fraction of parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa) on seminal parameters and testicular weight of male Sprague Dawley rats. This research used 36 two-month-old Sprague Dawley rats with 200-300 gram of body weight which were divided into 6 groups. Group 1 (normal); groups 2, 3, and 4, used parijoto fruit methanol extract at 100mg/kgBW, 250mg/kgBW, and 500mg/kgBW doses respectively; groups 5 and 6 used methanol fraction and n-hexane fraction of parijoto fruit at 500 mg/kgBW dose respectively for 14 days. Rats were dissected and had examinations on sperm motility, morphology, abd testicular weight. The data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney. The results found that groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 had mean spermatozoa motility (%) that were 56.5±2.43, 72.5±6.89, 77.6±12.99, 83.3±7.53, 84.7±3.98, and 74.2±11.58, mean spermatozoa morphology (%) that were 95.5±3.67, 95±2.76, 92.6±5.13, 96.5±3.27, 94.3±4.37, and 93.2±6.11, and mean testicular weight (gram) that were 1.08±0.10, 0.90±0.14, 0.98±0.10, 1.18±0.21, 1.28±0.43, and 1.02±0.13. There were significant differences between the normal group and all treatments (P <0.05) on spermatozoa motility. There was no significant difference on spermatozoa morphology and testicular weight. Based on the results, it can be concluded that methanol extract, methanol fraction, and n-hexane fraction of parijoto fruit can increase spermatozoa motility of male Sprague Dawley rats.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF VITAMIN E (α-TOCOPHEROL) ADMINISTRATION ON SPERM MOTILITY AND MORPHOLOGY OF SPRAGUE DAWLEY STRAIN RATS AFTER CISPLATIN TREATMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimas Visa Aditya ◽  
Tarmono Djojodimedjo ◽  
Doddy M Soebadi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tocopherol Isomer

Objective: To evaluate the protective effects of vitamin E α-tocopherol isomer against the toxicity of cisplatin on sperm motility and morphology in Sprague Dawley rats. Material & Methods: Twenty-four rats were grouped into four groups (n=6). The control group (CN) was injected with normal saline, second group (CP) was injected with cisplatin, the third group (P1) was injected with cisplatin and vitamin E 50 mg/kgBW for 7 weeks P.O, the fourth group (P2) was injected with cisplatin and vitamin E 200 mg/kgBW for 7 weeks P.O. Vitamin E was given from 3 weeks before cisplatin injection and 4 weeks following cisplatin injection. At 7th week, all the samples were undergoing bilateral orchidectomy. Vitamin E that being used in this study was α-tocopherol isomer. Results: Cisplatin decreased motility and morphology of spermatozoa significantly against controls. Vitamin E 50 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW significantly increased motility of spermatozoa (p<0.05) compared to those in the cisplatin group only. Vitamin E 50 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW did not have a significant difference in spermatozoa motility compare to control groups. Vitamin E 50 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW could increase the spermatozoa morphology significantly compare to those cisplatin only group. Vitamin E 50 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW did not have a significant difference in spermatozoa morphology compared to control groups. Conclusion: α-tocopherol 50 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW provided a same protective effect against spermatozoa damage especially in motility and morphology aspect due to cisplatin exposure. Therefore, in this study it was more recommended to use α-tocopherol in 50 mg/kgBW dose than 200 mg/kgBW.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF ISOLATION, OR VARIETAL DIFFERENCES IN, HIGH FIBRE HULL FRACTION OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEALS ON RAT OR PIG PERFORMANCE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
F. X. AHERNE ◽  
A. J. LEWIS
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty-eight crossbred pigs of average initial weight 21 kg were fed 10% Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and 10% Candle RSM as partial replacements for soybean meal (SBM). Diets were formulated to be isocaloric. Pigs fed the SBM diet consumed less feed, gained significantly (P < 0.01) faster and were more efficient at converting feed to gain than those fed the RSM diets. Performance of pigs fed Candle RSM was not significantly different to that obtained with Tower RSM. In a second experiment, dehulled Tower RSM and Tower RSM hulls were mixed in amounts to produce RSM with crude fibre levels of 6.8, 10.8, 13.5 and 15.8%. The simulated RSM and Tower and Candle RSM were used to completely replace SBM in the diets of weanling (75 g) Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats fed SBM had significantly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gain (ADG) than those fed Tower or Candle RSM, or diets containing the rapeseed meats. There was no significant (P < 0.05) difference in ADG, feed intake or feed to gain ratio of rats fed either Tower or Candle RSM. Feed intake, feed to gain ratio and fecal volatile fatty acid concentrations increased while average daily gain decreased with increasing level of hulls in simulated RSM diets. There was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in thyroid weight between rats fed SBM, Tower RSM or Candle RSM.

scholarly journals Oral administration of Lactobacillus casei Shirota can ameliorate the adverse effect of an acute aflatoxin exposure in Sprague Dawley rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
Elham Nikbakht ◽  
Rosita Jamaluddin ◽  
S. Mohd Redzwan ◽  
Saman Khalesi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei Shirota ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aflatoxin B

Abstract. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic compound commonly found in some crops with an adverse health effect on human and animals. Some beneficial microorganisms (or probiotics) such as lactic acid bacteria have shown the ability to reduce the bioavailability of aflatoxins and its intestinal absorption. However, the dose and duration of aflatoxins exposure and probiotic treatment can influence the ability of probiotics to remove aflatoxins. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota strain (LcS) induction in an acute exposure to AFB1 in rats. Experimentally, Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: AFB1 only (n = 9); AFB1 treated with LcS (n = 9); and control (no AFB1 exposure) (n = 6) groups. The blood AFB1 level of rats treated with LcS was slightly lower than the untreated AFB1 induced rats (11.12 ± 0.71 vs 10.93 ± 0.69 ng g–1). Also, LcS treatment slightly moderated the liver and kidney biomarkers in AFB1 induced rats. However, a trend for a significant difference was only observed in ALT of AFB1 induced rats treated with LcS compared to their counterparts (126.11 ± 36.90 vs 157.36 ± 15.46, p = 0.06). Rats’ body weight decreased in all animals force-fed with AFB1 with no significant difference between LcS treatment compared to the counterpart. In conclusion, this experiment indicated that probiotic LsC was able to slightly ameliorate the adverse effect of an acute exposure to AFB1 in rats. However, future studies with longer probiotics treatment or higher probiotics dose is required to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Structural Alteration in Dermal Vessels and Collagen Bundles following Exposure of Skin Wound to Zeolite–Bentonite Compound

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Paydar ◽  
Ali Noorafshan ◽  
Behnam Dalfardi ◽  
Shahram Jahanabadi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sterile Normal Saline ◽  
Animal Skin ◽  
The Impact

Background. This study examines the impact of one-time direct application of haemostatic agent zeolite–bentonite powder to wounded skin on the healing process in rats. Materials and Methods. 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into two groups (n=12): (1) the rats whose wounds were washed only with sterile normal saline (NS-treated) and (2) those treated with zeolite–bentonite compound (ZEO-treated). The wound was circular, full-thickness, and 2 cm in diameter. At the end of the 12th day, six animals from each group were randomly selected and terminated. The remaining rats were terminated after 21 days. Just after scarification, skin samples were excised and sent for stereological evaluation. Results. The results showed a significant difference between the two groups regarding the length density of the blood vessels and diameter of the large and small vessels on the 12th day after the wound was inflicted. Besides, volume density of both the dermis and collagen bundles was reduced by 25% in the ZEO-treated rats in comparison to the NS-treated animals after 21 days. Conclusions. One-time topical usage of zeolite–bentonite haemostatic powder on an animal skin wound might negatively affect the healing process through vasoconstriction and inhibition of neoangiogenesis.

Distribution and metabolism of corticotropin-releasing factor in the rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Candas ◽  
Josée Lalonde ◽  
Maurice Normand
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rapid Injection ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

To develop a mathematical model of the distribution and metabolism of rat corticotropin-releasing factor (rCRF), the time course of 125I-labelled rCRF in plasma was measured in male Sprague–Dawley rats (i) following a rapid injection of 24 ng rCRF/100 g body weight (BW), or (ii) following a rapid injection of 424 ng rCRF/100 g BW, or (iii) during an infusion at a rate ranging from 0.28 to0.73 ng rCRF∙min−1∙100 g BW−1. The comparison of the one-, two-, and three-compartment models shows that the two-pool structure fits better to the dynamics of CRF in plasma as measured in each rat. Following a rapid injection the decay curve occurs in a biphasic manner; the early phase of disappearance is 25 times faster than the late one. There is no significant difference between the estimates of the metabolic clearance rate following both amplitudes of injection (0.40 ± 0.06 and 0.48 ± 0.05 mL∙min−1∙100 g BW−1). The volume of the first pool, 16.8 ± 1.1 mL/100 g BW, is four times larger than the plasma volume. It would thus appear that CRF is rapidly distributed from plasma into several tissues which are represented in the first pool of the model. The mean residence time of every CRF molecule in the second compartment, from the moment of secretion to its elimination, is from three to four times longer than in the first one. It stays, on average, between 140 min and 3 h in the system before an irreversible exit. At steady state, the disposal rate represents only 3% of the CRF mass of the first compartment every minute. These results could explain the prolonged effects of CRF on pituitary-adrenocortical secretion.

Distribution and metabolism of adrenocorticotropin in the rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1024-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Normand ◽  
Josee Lalonde
Keyword(s):  
Standard Error ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Two Compartment Model ◽  
Rapid Fall ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endogenous Release

The time course of plasma bioactive adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) concentrations measured following two rapid injections of the hormone at doses of 7.5 and 22.5 mU/100 g, iv, and one infusion over a period of 80 min at a rate of 1.3 mU/min per 100 g, to male Sprague–Dawley rats whose endogenous release of ACTH had been blocked, leads to the conclusion that the hormone is distributed in two compartments. Indeed, the rapid fall of plasma ACTH concentrations in the early minutes following either the injections or the stop of the infusion is followed by a much slower phase. There is no significant difference between the measurements and the two-compartment model outputs. The model represents, on the average, the mean values of the measurements plus or minus 1 standard error for the single injections and plus or minus 1.2 standard error for the infusion.

scholarly journals Assessment of Toxic Effects of the Methanol Extract of Citrus macroptera Montr. Fruit via Biochemical and Hematological Evaluation in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e111101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizam Uddin ◽  
Md. Rakib Hasan ◽  
Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽  
Md. Monir Hossain ◽  
Md. Robiul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Hematological Evaluation

scholarly journals Evaluation of acute and subacute toxicity induced by methanol extract of Terminalia citrina leaves in Sprague Dawley rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narhari Das ◽  
Durajan Goshwami ◽  
Md. Sharif Hasan ◽  
Sheikh Zahir Raihan
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study ofEuphorbia hirtaL. Methanol Extract in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan Yuet Ping ◽  
Ibrahim Darah ◽  
Yeng Chen ◽  
Subramaniam Sreeramanan ◽  
Sreenivasan Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

DespiteEuphorbia hirtaL. ethnomedicinal benefits, very few studies have described the potential toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thein vivotoxicity of methanolic extracts ofE. hirta. The acute and subchronic oral toxicity ofE. hirtawas evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats. The extract at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg did not produce treatment related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the animals tested during the 14-day observation period. Therefore, the LD 50 of this plant was estimated to be more than 5000 mg/kg. In the repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study, the administration of 50 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg/day ofE. hirtaextract per body weight revealed no significant difference (P>0.05) in food and water consumptions, body weight change, haematological and biochemical parameters, relative organ weights, and gross findings compared to the control group. Macropathology and histopathology examinations of all organs including the liver did not reveal morphological alteration. Analyses of these results with the information of signs, behaviour, and health monitoring could lead to the conclusion that the long-term oral administration ofE. hirtaextract for 90 days does not cause sub-chronic toxicity.

Portal hypertension increases vasoconstrictor responsiveness of rat aorta

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire CONNOLLY ◽  
Teresa CAWLEY ◽  
P. Aiden MCCORMICK ◽  
James R. DOCHERTY
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Portal Vein Stenosis ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hepatic Portal

We have examined the effects of pre-hepatic portal hypertension on the responsiveness of aorta from Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats. Rats were made portal hypertensive by creating a calibrated portal vein stenosis, or sham operated. In rat aorta, there was no significant difference between portal hypertensive and sham-operated animals in the contractile potency of KCl, noradrenaline or phenylephrine. In aortas from Wistar rats, the maximum response to KCl (0.71±0.12 ;g) and noradrenaline (1.00±0.17 ;g) but not phenylephrine (0.86±0.10 ;g) in portal hypertensive animals was significantly increased compared with that in sham-operated animals (0.45±0.04 ;g, 0.57±0.07 ;g, 0.71±0.05 ;g respectively). In aortas from Sprague–Dawley rats, the maximum response to KCl (1.21±0.21 ;g) and phenylephrine (1.54±0.30 ;g) but not noradrenaline (0.93±0.09 ;g) in portal hypertensive animals was significantly increased compared with that in sham-operated animals (0.59±0.09 ;g, 0.76±0.11 ;g, 1.04±0.10 ;g respectively). There was no difference between portal hypertensive and sham-operated Wistar rats in the affinity or maximum number of binding sites for [3H]prazosin to α1-adrenoceptors in cardiac ventricular membranes. It is concluded that portal hypertension tends to produce an increase rather than a decrease in the contractile response to vasoconstrictors in aorta from both Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats. This suggests that the diminished responsiveness to vasoconstrictors reported in portal hypertensive rats in vivo is not due to a diminished responsiveness at the level of the vascular smooth muscle.

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