The analysis of barriers to entry into the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 6353-6358
Author(s):  
Elena Shuvanova ◽  
Olha Rohulia
Keyword(s):  
Market Entry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Entry Barriers ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Competitive Situation ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Legal Nature

The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine is characterized by a tendency to dominate imports over exports, which indicates its economic attractiveness for foreign companies that face various obstacles when entering the market. Entry barriers are understood as factors of an objective or subjective nature that prevent new firms from organizing profitable operations in the industry. The presence and impact of market barriers prove the need for their identification and comprehensive research. It has been established that when entering the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine, there are restrictive barriers related to state policy (for example, licensing, registration of medicines, examination, certification, etc.), barriers due to competition, and barriers of a non-legal nature. The results of the analysis of the competitive situation as a possible barrier characterize the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine as a market of free competition, which contributes to the relatively free entry of foreign manufacturers. Market entry barriers are also caused by anti-competitive behavior such as mergers and acquisitions, unfair competition, informal agreements, and so on. The results of the research can be used in making decisions about entering new markets or market segments for pharmaceutical companies, in forming competitive advantages and business strategies in order to develop potential in the long term.

scholarly journals Barriers to Entry for New Entrants into Kandahar Industrial Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najibullah Mudasir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Entry Barriers ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Qualitative Technique ◽  
New Entrants

Entry barriers are one of the dangerous powers that helps with incumbent firms in terms of competitive advantage over new participants and helps to promote the oligopoly market structure. The objective of this study is to consider barriers to entry of new entrants into Kandahar industrial park and to recognize some remedial business strategies where it’s application make the entry easy into Kandahar industrial park. To conduct this study a mixed method research design is used. The qualitative technique is completed over semiorganized interviews where prepared questions are used (Saunders and Lewis, 2012). To obtain quantitative data a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire is utilized, which was sent out to senior and middle workers, managers and owners. Results shows that there are entry barriers into Kandahar industrial park which influence new entrants negatively. And the importance level of the entry barriers to new entrants is significantly different. Yet, there are economics strategies that helps entrepreneurs to enter Kandahar industrial park.

Barriers to Entry and Market Entry Decisions in Consumer and Industrial Goods Markets

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahri Karakaya ◽  
Michael J. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Entry Barriers ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Customer Switching ◽  
Industrial Markets ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Model Market ◽  
Entry Decisions

The authors test six market entry barriers in consumer and industrial markets: cost advantages of incumbents, product differentiation of incumbents, capital requirements, customer switching costs, access to distribution channels, and government policy. They model market entry decisions of 137 executives in 49 major U.S. corporations with a decision-making instrument consisting of 32 market entry opportunities. Each respondent's decisions are modeled by regression analysis. The differences in the importance of the six market entry barriers for early and late entry in consumer and industrial goods markets are investigated. The results indicate that marketing executives consider all six barriers in making market entry decisions. The cost advantages of incumbents are considered to be the most important of the market entry barriers. Major differences also are discovered among the other five barriers. Furthermore, the importance of the barriers differs between consumer and industrial goods markets.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF CITIMART

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Dr. Pham Hung Cuong ◽  
◽  
Nguyen Van Ngan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
World Market ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fast Development

According to Porter (1985), in the market of competition, competitive advantage lies in the center of business activities of an enterprise. For this reason, one of the most important factors for any kind of business is to build or construct a good and stable competitive advantage. The wealth of a company cannot be durable if the company does not maintain its competitive advantage. Improving the competitive advantage is one of the first and foremost concerns of every business. In the process of integration, all economies have to try their best to fully compete with each other to gain the best. Among the economy sectors, the retail enterprises are of those who have to apply marketing strategies to strengthen their competitive advantage. With good and suitable marketing strategies, businesses can increase the number of their customer, have goods and products attractive to consumers and finally gain the expected profits. In Vietnam, the market economy started at the end of 1986, much later than the world market economy, so the application of competitive advantages from the macro level to micro level (here the enterprise level) has been slow. For the sector of retailing, especially supermarket retailing, the market scale of Vietnam is much smaller than that of other markets in the region. However, there are basic factors for a fast development in Vietnam such as: big population with the kind of young population, high rate of economic growth rate and non-stop improved living standard. That is the fact that the potential for retailing development in Vietnam is not small and supermarket business in the future is big. In Vietnam, especially in Ho Chi Minh market, there are quite a lot of supermarket chains which are in operation nowadays such as Co-op mart, Citimart, Maximart, B-smart, Shop&Go and so on? These supermarkets are trying their best to gain more customers. For this purpose, the researcher chose Citimart as a case study in this research. Citimart is one of most favorable supermarket in Ho Chi Minh. In this thesis, the researcher studies the factors affecting the competitive advantage of Citimart, and then find out the solutions for the policy makers to have good business strategies of Citimart.

The potential of entry barriers in the context of digitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-147
Author(s):  
Aleksey Zazdravnykh
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Entry Barriers ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Digital Infrastructure ◽  
Market Operation

The article analyzes the practical aspects of the functioning of some barriers to entry in the era of digital transformation of industry markets. It is noted that under the influence of digitalization processes, both positive changes in the mechanism of market operation are recorded, as well as a number of negative circumstances that have become a serious challenge for antitrust agencies. Control of big data, initial investment in digital infrastructure, and broad technological capabilities of digital blocking of users, against the background of powerful network effects and pronounced economies of scale, carry the potential for significant growth in the market power of individual firms. The article substantiates that such trends theoretically pose a significant threat to competition, and can form new types of entry barriers. At the same time, practical arguments are presented that indicate the ambiguity of this position.

scholarly journals FUERZA DE LA COMPETENCIA EN EL SECTOR PERIODÍSTICO: El Caso de los Diarios Formales de Lima

1995 ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Javier Antonio ◽  
◽  
Ricardo Cornejo ◽  
Raquel Reinoso ◽  
Fanny Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Print Journalism ◽  
Know How ◽  
Competitive Forces ◽  
Formal Style

Applying Porter's methodology of the well-known five competitive forces to analyze the nature of competition, this article seeks to demonstrate that the competitive advantages obtained by the companies are a function of the structure of the industry and the strategies developed by the intervening companies. To this end, we analyze the Peruvian print journalism sector, that of non-specialized newspapers, exponents of a formal style of presentation of information and aimed at traditional readers, a segment made up of: El Comercio, Expreso, La Republica and La Nación. The results show that, of the five competitive forces, the most relevant for the segment studied are the high barriers to entry, mainly due to the high levels of investment and know-how required; the permanent possibility of substitution by television and radio; and the bargaining power of clients, exercised by distribution agents and advertisers. It can be said that there are two aspects on which the newspapers analyzed have developed their competitive advantages: the barriers created and the positioning achieved.

scholarly journals The Role Of Reputation In Market Entry: Evidence From French Public Procurement

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 805-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maher Kachour ◽  
Olivier Mamavi ◽  
Haithem Nagati
Keyword(s):  
Market Entry ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Public Markets ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
French Firm ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This article studies the impact of reputation on market entry in public procurement. Based on the observation of a French firm with a strong reputation, we demonstrate a significant effect of the difference in public contracts won between date t-1 and date t. Our model provides empirical proof that selection of a supplier with a strong reputation does not hinder entry in public procurement nor does it prevent free competition. This result thus questions the justification for the European Union regulation that limits the use of information on past performance to select suppliers in public markets. The findings also suggest that reputation mechanisms can help reduce uncertainty during contract execution. 

scholarly journals THE COMPETITION DEVELOPMENT PERCEPTION ON REGIONAL CONSUMER MARKETS BY MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
С. Апенько ◽  
S. Apenko ◽  
С. Мамонтов ◽  
S. Mamontov
Keyword(s):  
Market Entry ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Entry Barriers ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
State Support ◽  
Evaluation Data ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
Regional Authorities

<p>The article provides methodology to evaluate competition development perception on regional consumer markets by manufacturing companies. Competition is being treated as a function with a multi-dimensional latent character, connecting a set of factors-arguments and a set of consequences-results of competition development for companies, which are, in their turn, factors of competition limitation for end-up customers. This evaluation takes into account several groups of factors, including market entry barriers for new companies and operability restrictions for operating companies, and also factors of consumers demand. The evaluation data originate from results of internet-polls conducted among some regional manufacturing companies. The article provides examples of evaluation of competition perception on certain consumer markets of the Omsk region. The results of evaluation 1) may be used by regional authorities making decisions on type and direction of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises on inter-regional consumer markets; 2) are useful for manufacturing companies developing competitive marketing strategies.</p>

Sherman Act 1890: Modernization and Impact on Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Alex Han
Keyword(s):  
Chicago School ◽  
Perfect Competition ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Free Entry ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Sherman Act ◽  
Antitrust Laws ◽  
American Economy ◽  
Harvard School

The major purpose of the Sherman Act was to prevent mergers from forming monopolies. It ensures consumers are protected from price discrimination, and there is free competition. Several economists, classical economists, neoclassical economists, Chicago school and Harvard school, pointed out several antitrust laws. Classical economists led by Smith argued that monopolists set prices at higher prices and raise their charges higher through understocking the markets hence corporations and mergers should be prevented. Neoclassical economists developed a model which assumes that there are no barriers to entry whereby there is free entry to the market. Harvard school also advocated for free competition. Either, the Chicago school was against the idea of free competition and proposed some acts from the antitrust laws to be removed.  However, with advancements in technology, the Sherman Act has become outdated and some languages used are held, making it a challenge to interpret in courts. There is a need for the antitrust laws to be reformed to fit the changing technology. Bills should be proposed to make improvements to the acts. For example, Klobuchar Amy, in April 2021, proposed a bill seeking to reform antitrust laws to better perfect competition in the American economy.

Selection of Market Entry Strategies

2014 ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Maxwell Chanakira
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Psychic Distance ◽  
Entry Barrier ◽  
Market Strategy ◽  
Entry Strategies ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the selection of market entry strategies in the African mobile telephony industry with a view to developing appropriate business strategies and identifying risk factors. Using the survey methodology, the study focuses on six key enterprises, which account for over 60% of mobile phones in Africa. The empirical evidence suggests that market size in terms of population of the destination country and not psychic distance is the most important market selection criteria for enterprises entering Africa. The dominant entry market strategy for these enterprises is strategic alliances. Focused strategy is uncommon on the continent. More interestingly, and contrary to extant literature, political risk was not considered a market entry barrier. In any case, politically unstable countries tend to bring in higher returns. These findings are critical in informing investors engaged in or with intentions to enter Africa and in enriching international literature. The Stages model and the DMP framework individually are unable to explain the choice of market entry strategy in Africa. The key contributions of this study are both theoretical and practical insights on the process of internationalisation.

A Resource-Based Approach to Mergers and Concentration of the Banking System in Mexico post Crisis 1994

2014 ◽  
pp. 22-45
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Subsequent Generation ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Global Expansion ◽  
Expansion Strategy ◽  
Foreign Competitors ◽  
Resource Based Theory

The strength of the companies is sustained in the resources that it owns that can be considered like a barrier to the entrance for other companies. The case of the banking sector of these resources was affected by the crisis of 1994, devastated with the anti-crisis measures and the entrance of foreign competitors at the end of the 1990s. Under this environment, this chapter analyzes the acceleration of the concentration at the Mexican banking system based on the resource-based theory. To have competitive advantages in resources and a solid global expansion strategy, foreign banks were able to climb to a position in the Mexican banking system, with the subsequent generation of barriers to entry to maintain its leadership.

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