scholarly journals Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy Pain in Diabetes Mellitus

Aquichan ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Daniella Silva Oggiam ◽  
Juliana Vallim Jorgetto ◽  
Guilherme Luiz Chinini ◽  
Denise Myuki Kusahara ◽  
Mônica Antar Gamba
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument

Objective: To evaluate neuropathic pain (NP), its intensity, and complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a city of eastern São Paulo. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted with 96 individuals with T2DM served by primary health units in São João da Boa Vista-SP. The following instruments were used to screen NP: Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs, Douleur Neuropathique 4, and Brief Pain Inventory. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with a 5 % significance level. Results: Of the 96 people with T2DM for longer than five years, 22.9 % had pain. NP was related to high levels of fasting blood glucose (mean = 214 ± 65.58 mg/dl; p = 0.0002), glycated hemoglobin (mean = 8.8 ± 0.11 %; p < 0.001), absence of a balanced diet (p = 0.0066), obesity (p = 0.023), and high blood pressure (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Higher values ​​of glycated hemoglobin rates increased three times the chance of NP. The screening and management of painful diabetic neuropathy is a challenge but adopting a screening protocol supports the secondary prevention of this manifestation.

scholarly journals Alterations in Serum Electrolyte Homeostasis in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients - A Cross-Sectional Study in VIMSAR, Burla

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 3148-3152
Author(s):  
Labanyabati Pattanaik ◽  
Madhusmita Acharya ◽  
Manoj Kumar Yadav ◽  
Prafulla Kumar Mishra ◽  
Madhab Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Patients

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a widely prevalent lifestyle disease associated with high morbidity and mortality due to dead end complications like acute coronary syndrome, chronic kidney failure and acute stroke. Diabetes mellitus patients frequently develop problems of dyselectrolytemia which is common among hospitalised patients with decompensated diabetes. But there is little information on the prevalence of electrolyte disturbances among diabetes patients. Our aim is to find out the pattern of dyselectrolytemia among type 2 diabetes patients and to know if there is any association of blood glucose level with dyselectrolytemia. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was done among type 2 diabetes patients admitted in the department of medicine. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated haemoglobin level (HbA1c), blood sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and calcium (Ca2+) were analysed. Occurrence of dyselectrolytemia was compared between patients of very much controlled versus uncontrolled blood glucose levels. RESULTS Out of 199 patients included in the study, 112 (56 %) had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) with HbA1c level > / = 7.0 %. Occurrence of hyponatremia, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia and hypercalcemia were 35 %, 13 %, 7 %, 16 % and 2 % respectively. In diabetes patients, hyponatremia was seen more commonly in patients with uncontrolled DM than those with very much controlled blood glucose (52.67 % versus 12.64 %, p < 0.001). The extent of patients with hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia didn't vary between the two groups. Patients on insulin treatment were more likely to have hyponatremia than noninsulin patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Type 2 DM patients specifically those who have uncontrolled diabetes mellitus have an increased chance to develop dyselectrolytemia. The most well-known electrolyte disturbances seen were hyponatremia followed by hypocalcaemia in our study and they were generally predominant among patients with uncontrolled DM. KEYWORDS Type 2 Diabetes, Dyselectrolytemia, Hyperglycaemia, Fasting Blood Glucose, Hyponatremia

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and its associated risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Surekha Kishore ◽  
Bhavan Jain ◽  
Sanjeev Kishore ◽  
Pradeep Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, debilitating non communicable diseases (NCDs) which has emerged as a leading global health problem. Aim & Objective: To find out the prevalence of known cases of diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in the study area. Material & Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among people living in Barrage colony of Rishikesh, Uttarakhand for a period of 3 months from December 2018 to February 2019. House to house survey was done in all the four blocks (A, B, C, D) of Barrage colony. Total of 815 study participants (both male and female) ≥ 20 years of age were surveyed. Data collected was entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using epi info software version 7. Results: The prevalence of DM was found to be high i.e 5.6% among the study participants. Prevalence was significantly more among females as compared to males and significantly increased by aging in both genders. Conclusions: It seems that the prevalence of diabetes is increasing in our region as well as our country and the world. To control DM public health education regarding consumption of balanced diet, increasing physical activity and leading a stress-free life is needed.

scholarly journals A Higher Fructose Intake Is Associated with Greater Albuminuria in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Gómez-Sámano ◽  
Paloma Almeda-Valdes ◽  
Daniel Cuevas-Ramos ◽  
María Fernanda Navarro-Flores ◽  
Héctor Donaldo Espinosa-Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fructose Intake ◽  
High Fructose

The aim of this single center cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between fructose intake and albuminuria in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is a single center cross-sectional study. One hundred and forty-three subjects with T2DM were recruited from the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran. The median daily fructose intake was estimated with a prospective food registry during 3 days (2 week-days and one weekend day) and they were divided into low fructose intake (<25 g/day) and high fructose intake (≥ 25 g/day). Complete clinical and biochemical evaluations were performed, including anthropometric variables and a 24-hour urine collection for albuminuria determination. One hundred and thirty-six subjects were analyzed in this study. We found a positive significant association between daily fructose intake and albuminuria (ρ= 0.178, p=0.038) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Other variables significantly associated with albuminuria were body mass index (BMI) (ρ= 0.170, p=0.048), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (ρ= 0.280, p=0.001), glycated hemoglobin (A1c) (ρ= 0.197, p=0.022), and triglycerides (ρ= 0.219, p=0.010). After adjustment for confounding variables we found a significant and independent association between fructose intake and albuminuria (β= 13.96, p=0.006). We found a statistically significant higher albuminuria (60.8 [12.8-228.5] versus 232.2 [27.2-1273.0] mg/day, p 0.002), glycated hemoglobin (8.6±1.61 versus 9.6±2.1 %), p= 0.003, and uric acid (6.27±1.8 versus 7.2±1.5 mg/dL), p=0.012, in the group of high fructose intake versus the group with low fructose intake, and a statistically significant lower creatinine clearance (76.5±30.98 mL/min versus 94.9±36.8, p=0.014) in the group with high fructose intake versus the group with low fructose intake. In summary we found that a higher fructose intake is associated with greater albuminuria in subjects with T2DM.

scholarly journals Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and its determinants among patients attending a tertiary health care centre in Mangalore, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monisha D’Souza ◽  
Vaman Kulkarni ◽  
Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran ◽  
Humam Ahmed ◽  
Hegde Naimish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument ◽  
Design And Methods

<p><em>Background</em>. The burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise especially in developing countries like India. Due to its chronic nature DM tends to cause many debilitating complications and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of them. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of DPN among patients attending a tertiary care hospital and to identify the determinants associated with it. <br /><em>Design and methods</em>. A cross sectional study was conducted in Government Wenlock Hospital, Mangalore (India), during January-February 2014. A total of 208 patients with &gt;5 year duration of DM were asked to respond to the patient history version of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) and examinations were conducted after obtaining consent from them. The statistical analysis was done in terms of descriptive statistics and association between variables was tested using logistic regression test.<br /><em>Results</em>. The prevalence of DPN using the MNSI history version and MNSI examination were found to be 18.3% and 32.2% respectively. The major determinants associated with DPN were found to be male gender (OR: 2.7, CI: 1.4-5.1, P=0.001), smoking (OR: 5.8, CI: 1.9-17.3, P=0.001) and age &gt;40 years (OR: 2.7, CI: 1.2-5.8, P=0.011). <br /><em>Conclusions</em>. The burden of undetected DPN was found to be higher among diabetics, with an especially higher prevalence among males, smokers and those with long standing diabetes mellitus. Interventions in the form of early detection through routine screening, smoking cessation and regular follow up examinations would go a long way in reducing the burden of disability among diabetics and improve their quality of life significantly.</p>

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia J. Munseri ◽  
Henrika Kimambo ◽  
Kisali Pallangyo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A bi-directional interaction between diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis is well established and has been likened to that between HIV and TB. Whereas HIV screening is standard of care test in sub Saharan Africa TB programs, the same is not true for diabetes mellitus (DM). Sub Saharan Africa, a region with high TB infection rates, is going through an epidemiological transition with rapidly rising prevalence of diabetes. We aimed at characterizing TB patients with DM in order to identify factors associated with TB-DM dual disease among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2016 and January 2017 among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam. We collected socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and screened for diabetes by measuring fasting blood glucose that was followed by a 2 h postprandial glucose for participants with impaired fasting blood glucose. We examined for socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with diabetes using logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 660 enrolled participants with TB, 25 (3.8%) were on treatment for diabetes while 39 (6.1%) and 147 (23%) of the remaining 635 participants were ultimately diagnosed with DM and impaired fasting blood glucose respectively. The overall prevalence of DM was 9.7% (64/660). Independent risk factors for diabetes included: age > 44 years {OR 4.52, 95% CI: [1.28–15.89]}; family history of diabetes {OR 3.42, 95% [CI 1.88–6.21]}. HIV sero-positive TB patients were less likely to have DM compared to those who were HIV sero-negative {OR 0.35, 95% CI [0.17–0.73]}. Conclusions Screening for diabetes should be advocated for TB patients aged above 44 years and/or with a family history of diabetes. HIV sero-negative TB patients were more likely to have DM compared to those who were HIV sero-positive. Further studies are needed to confirm this observation and the underlying factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity, Dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Gastrojejunostomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sunil Kumar ◽  
Abhishek Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Billroth Gastrojejunostomy (GJ) is less invasive surgery as compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), which is performed for obesity and weight loss. There is sparse data on long term metabolic effects of GJ, which was performed frequently in the past. Aim: To determine the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in patients that had undergone GJ. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India, over a period of six years. All patients with history of GJ, done in past 15 years were included in the study. Presence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia were noted among patients and was compared with their first degree relatives. Patients with family history of diabetes and without first degree relative were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test for qualitative variables and independent t-test for quantitative variables. Significance level was fixed as p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 68 patients were studied. Mean age of patients was 64.01±10.2 years with males predominating the population (92.6%). The most common three reasons for presentation in gastroenterology were dyspeptic symptoms 32(47%), evaluation of anaemia 12 (17.6%), and history of malena 10(14.7%). Prevalence of diabetes was significantly less in patients with GJ (2.9% vs 22%). Obesity and dyslipidemia was also common in patients without GJ (7.3%), with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia is significantly lower in patients with GJ.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Complications in Type 2 Diabetics in Dubai, UAE: A Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleama Al Sabbah ◽  
Moaza Alketbi ◽  
Rania Dghaim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics

Background: Diabetes complications have been increasingly prevalent among type 2 diabetics during the past decades causing high rates of morbidity and mortality. Measures of the prevalence of diabetes complications will lead to preventive decisions and planning of health care. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence rates of complications in Type 2 diabetics in two Diabetes Centers in Dubai. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive analytical study conducted among type 2 diabetics attending diabetes centers in Dubai. Data was collected form secondary source using patients' records from two diabetes centers involved in the study. Random sampling technique was used to collect 150 patients proportionally allocated according to the total patients (4700 attending patients) available in the two diabetes centers. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS v.22. Descriptive statistics were calculated (mean, standard deviation, and percentages). Chi-square test was used to compare frequencies between groups. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The study showed that the most dominant prevalence type of complications were: Hyperlipidemia (84%), Neuropathy (34%), Dyslipidemia (32%), Retinopathy (28%), Lethargy (21.3%), and Nephropathy (16.7%). The associations made between three variables each separately (Date of First Visit, HbA1c, and Fasting Blood Glucose) with the prevalence type of complications, showed significant differences in some types: Dyslipidemia, Hyperlipidemia, Neuropathy, Retinopathy, and Joint & Bone pain.  Conclusions: There is a reasonable correlation between different variables and the prevalence of complications among the diabetic population, thus studies should always follow up on this issue in order to have clear associations to prevent complications from occurring in the first place.

scholarly journals Glycated Hemoglobin in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus in a Semi-Urban Brazilian Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayla Cristina do Vale Moreira ◽  
Renan M. Montenegro ◽  
Haakon E. Meyer ◽  
Bishwajit Bhowmik ◽  
Ibrahimu Mdala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitive Marker

The study evaluated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a diagnostic tool for diabetes and pre-diabetes in the Brazilian population. Further, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also examined against HbA1c values to identify the most suitable cut-off points for HOMA-IR to predict the risk of diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 714 randomly selected subjects. HbA1c, fasting, and 2 h plasma glucose values were measured. Insulin resistance estimates were calculated with HOMA-IR. The receiver operating characteristic curve assessed HbA1c performance. The adjusted prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus was 14.7%, and pre-diabetes 14.2%. The optimal HbA1c cut-off value was ≥6.8% for the diagnosis of diabetes, and ≥6.0% for pre-diabetes. The area under the curve using HbA1c was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.80–0.90) for detecting diabetes and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.55–0.67) for pre-diabetes. The optimal HOMA-IR cut-off value was 2.06 for HbA1c at 6.8%. The HbA1c cut-off value of ≥6.8% may be suitable for diagnosing diabetes in the Brazilian population. Our results do not support the use of HbA1c to diagnose pre-diabetes. A HOMA-IR cut-off point of 2.06 was a sensitive marker to assess the risk of diabetes.

THE PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASES AMONG PATIENT WITH TYPE TWO DIABETES MELLITUS IN NATIONAL GUARD HOSPITAL ALHASA: RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Mansoor AlNaim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Two Diabetes

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorders encountered in clinical practice. Many chronic diseases like Hyper- and hypothyroidism, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Obesity have been associated with insulin resistance, which has been reported to be the major cause of impaired glucose metabolism in type II DM. Objective: The main aim of this study to investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases among patient with type two diabetes mellitus in National Guard hospital, AlHasa. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done on patients who diagnosed with type II DM and regularly attended the family medicine clinic at National Guard hospital, AlHasa, Saudi Arabia. Results: Out of 300 randomly selected type two diabetic patients with different chronic diseases. In addition, there was a statistically signicant association between HbA1C level and type of treatment received by our population but fasting blood glucose level was not signicant. Regarding the TSH level, out of 300 patients; 9.5% were diagnosed normal and 90.5% were diagnosed abnormal regarding to the TSH level. One hundred thirty-ve patients had hypertension with Dyslipidemia and the rest of the patients had another co morbidities. Vitamin D level deciency was observed in the majority of patients and insufciency in of patients. Conclusion: In our population, the prevalence of female diabetic patients with chronic diseases was 1.8 times higher than diabetic male. The prevalence of abnormal diagnosed level of TSH was 9.5 times higher than normal level.

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