scholarly journals Trustless Technology within Trust-Based Systems; A Comparative Study of the Big Four’s Approach to Blockchain Adoption and its Future Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Pirotti ◽  
Amir Roknifard
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Big Four

Technological developments and industrial adaptations are leading to a fundamental change in how industries and strategy function in the world today. Disruptive technologies are forcing us to reconsider the way we make decisions, and the models that were previously in place for delivering products and services. Blockchain in particular has demonstrated its ability to completely upend industry as we know it. Its main strengths lie in the fact that it is decentralized, unchangeable, anonymous and auditable. In this paper, we present a comparative study on the Big Four accounting firms’ approach to Blockchain development and adoption. We first give an overview of the blockchain technology and key characteristics of the blockchain and its applications. Furthermore, we discuss some existing approaches for blockchain development and application in the Big Four accounting firms and highlight the opportunities and future prospects of blockchain technology that can be utilized by the four professional services conglomerates.

scholarly journals Main Barriers of the Implementation of the Blockchain Technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Jan Zadrożny
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Distributed Database ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Blockchain is a decentralized and distributed database, where participants can exchange the value of, i.e. information or financial resources without the participation of a trusted third party. Despite of a number of positive features, this technology is not free of defects. The aim of the article is to present the barriers of the discussed technology, which prevent the discussed technology from further dissemination. Therefore, in a first step, the review of basic concepts related to blockchain was conducted. It includes a discussion of key characteristics as well as dominant types of blockchain. Afterwards, the author presents barriers of the implementation of the blockchain technology: technical, socio-organizational and legal. Blockchain gained its popularity thanks to the bitcoin cryptocurrency, which was launched in 2009 as a consequence of the global financial crisis. Since then, the technology has gone a long way of evolution and development, and its use goes far beyond only the financial sector. Therefore, the article is not focused on the strengths and weaknesses of the bitcoin blockchain network, as this has already been the subject of many other publications (i.e. Yli-Huumo et al., 2016; Koteska et al., 2017), but aims to highlight barriers of its deployment. Consequently, the limitations faced by bitcoin blockchain or, more broadly, the world of cryptocurrencies, have been passed in this article advisedly.

scholarly journals DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ACCOUNTING OF THE FUTURE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanasko Atanasovski ◽  
◽  
Todor Tocev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Development Professionals ◽  
Evolutionary Phase ◽  
Trust In Technology ◽  
Big Four

Disruptive technologies in accounting represent a new evolutionary phase of accounting impacted by emerging technologies that are part of industrial revolution 4.0. The relevance of emerging technologies, their potential and the opportunities they offer for the accounting profession attract both academia and professionals with accelerated research efforts. Academia and scientific researchers must research and provide an appropriate theoretical basis to help practitioners better adapt and increase their awareness and trust in technology. This paper provides early quantitative research data on publication trends related to most disruptive technologies in accounting such as big data, data analytics, cloud, artificial intelligence and blockchain. We identified these five emerging technologies through literature review and elaborated in detail how they can change and advance the accounting profession. The research was conducted using bibliometric analysis to examine the level of coverage of each of the technologies in the period from 2016 to 2020 by analyzing the published articles by the Big Four accounting firms, professional accounting associations and institutions and high-ranking academic journals. The purpose of the research was to identify a potential gap in research preferences related to selected technologies between academia and development professionals and experts in the field. The findings highlight that there are no significant discrepancies or different views of academia and practitioners. It is a positive result indicating that academia and scientific researchers exploit in the same direction as practitioners, thus providing support for adaptation and alignment to technology trends.

Auditing in the BRICs

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rachelle Quinn
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Geographic Factors ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Big Four

The “Big Four” international accounting firms typically provide audit, tax, and advisory services throughout the world. Emerging market growth, specifically in the countries of Brazil, South Africa, and India, is expected to be significant in the upcoming years. In this paper, specific political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, legal, ethical, environmental and geographic factors are considered in each of these countries specifically as they relate to members of the Big Four and their auditing services. Further, Hofstede’s cultural dimensions are evaluated in light of the provision of audit services within Brazil, South Africa, and India. Specific business risks and opportunities are identified for firms in each geographic location discussed.

Making sense of career in a Big Four accounting firm

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Mueller ◽  
Chris Carter ◽  
Anne Ross-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Professional Services ◽  
The Self ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Accounting Firm ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Managerial Roles ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Big Four

There is little existing research on how managers within the ‘Big Four’ professional services firms (PSFs) respond to the increasing normative pressures and performative cultures that characterize contemporary PSFs. It is primarily managers within PSFs that enact the new managerial roles, systems and ethos that differentiate ‘managed professional businesses’ (MPBs) from the P2 archetype. It is managers who in their own estimation need to ensure that both organization and employees perform to the required standard. This article reports from an empirical study into one of the Big Four accounting firms. The focus is on how a specific group of employees, namely female managers, make sense of career and performance in their particular organization. The respondents’ career is being shaped by their real and perceived willingness to be ‘bothered to be playing the game’ as well as providing a good client service and participating in the ongoing rationalization of professional practices. Thus, the self is divided: on the one hand, ambitious, committed and loyal to the firm and to the notion of performing. On the other hand, there is also distancing and disenchantment with the existing practices and reluctant acknowledgement that the reality is characterized by a culture of visibility and exposure; the need to network, play politics and be playing-the-game, none of which are gender-neutral.

Incumbent audit firm pricing: a response to entry of the Big Four accounting firms in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-394
Author(s):  
Barri Litt ◽  
Vikram Desai ◽  
Renu Desai
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Audit Market ◽  
Price Cutting ◽  
Pricing Dynamics ◽  
Big Four ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the audit price reactions of local accounting firms to the entry of the Big Four accounting firms into the Indian audit market, providing unique insight into emerging market dynamics. Design/methodology/approach – Using financial data from Indian audit clients for a ten-year period from 1996 to 2005, the authors conduct a multivariate regression analysis based on extant audit fee literature. Findings – This study finds evidence of a price-cutting strategy on behalf of the local incumbent accounting firms in response to the entry of the Big Four firms. It also shows small-sized incumbent firms to cut prices more drastically relative to medium-sized incumbent firms. Originality/value – This study provides empirical insight into the pricing dynamics of professional services in an emerging market setting. Such insight is increasingly important in our evermore globalized economy where emerging markets are frequently the targets of expansion.

Future Education within Disruptive Technologies Developments

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-293
Author(s):  
Codrin-Leonard Herţanu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Educational Domain ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
How People Learn ◽  
Future Education ◽  
Present World ◽  
Technology Domain

AbstractOur contemporary world is on the verge of crucial changes of an unparalleled pace. The ‘technological changeover’ is the new paradigm caused by the unprecedented evolution of the disruptive technologies. The present world has the tendency to evolve at least exponential, therefore future educational environment is fairly different than its present layout. An entire array of nowadays studies widely recognizes that the progress of the disruptive technologies will pose a meaningful impact over the educational system evolution. Among the most spectacular technologies with disruptive features we should encounter Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain Technology, Cloud Computing, and the like. In an era of technological disruption the education is seen as the new currency. With the help of Artificial Intelligence, for instance, the education system could track how people learn from kindergarten to retirement. Besides, the technology domain will move the centre of gravity from the institutional area to that of the education’s beneficiaries, as we might expect that they will recruit and employ the needed teacher staff, not the institutions. Moreover, the education’s recipients will be the main creators of tomorrow’s professions and within their community the overarching events will happen and the main decisions will be taken in the educational domain.

Creative Strategy Used in Electronic Advertising

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-606
Author(s):  
Dr. Maha Mustafa Omer Abdalaziz
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Creative Strategy ◽  
Electronic Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Electronic Advertising

The study aims at the technological developments that are taking place in the world and have impacted on all sectors and fields and imposed on the business organizations and commercial companies to carry out their marketing and promotional activities within the electronic environment. The most prominent of these developments is the emergence of the concept of electronic advertising which opened a wide range of companies and businessmen to advertise And to promote their products and their work easily through the Internet, which has become full of electronic advertising, and in light of that will discuss the creative strategy used in electronic advertising;

M. A. Ayuh. Made in Jamaica: The Development of Manufacturing Sector. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1981. xxii+128 pp.

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-95
Author(s):  
Najam-us- Saqib
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Caribbean Country ◽  
Bauxite Ore ◽  
Made In

Jamaica, known in the world for her rich deposits of bauxite ore, is a small Caribbean country with an area of 10991 square kilometers and a population of just over two million individuals. This beautifu11and, which was described by Columbus as "The fairest isle that eyes have beheld" has developed a remarkably diversified manufacturing sector starting from a modest industrial base. Jamaica's manufacturing industry enjoyed a respectable growth rate of about 6 percent per annum during the good old days of the euphoric '50s and '60s. However, those bright sunny days ''when to live was bliss" were followed by the chilling winter of much subdued progress. The rise and fall of growth have aroused considerable interest among economists and policy• makers. The book under review probes the causes of this behaviour by analysing key characteristics of Jamaican manufacturing sector and tracing its path of evolution.

Risk and Return of Retail Sukuk and Retail Bond in Indonesia Period 2008-2017 (Comparative Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahma Yudi Astuti ◽  
Asad Arsya Brilliant Fani
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Bond Pricing ◽  
Risk And Return ◽  
Underlying Asset ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World

Sukuk and Bonds has differences and similarities. Fundamental differences between sukuk and bonds are first, underlying asset in every sukuk issuance, concept of profit loss sharing and the use of Islamic contracts. Whereas conducted research in practice of differences between sukuk and bonds are still an on-going discussion. This study aims to add the evidence in the discussion regarding whether there is differences between sukuk and bonds in the world of practice, provide investment preferences as well as educating investors in choosing sukuk or bonds as a sustainable and smooth instrument. The method used is Mann Whitney U-Test to test whether there is a different between yield to maturity (return) and standard deviation (risk) of both instruments. Using secondary data of Retail Sukuk (SR) and Retail Bonds (ORI) period 2008-2017 obtained from Indonesia Stock Exchange, Indonesia Bond Market Directory and Indonesia Bond Pricing Agency. The result shows that there is no significance difference of retail sukuk return and risk with retail bonds in Indonesia. Besides retail bonds are show higher return than retail sukuk because of higher coupon and longest mature date. While, retail sukuk is more stable rather than bonds as it backed up by the real underlying asset. Keywords: Retail Sukuk (SR), Retail Bonds (ORI), Yield to Maturity

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