scholarly journals Visible Results, Invisible Factors: Impact of Socio-economic Factors on Improving English Language Achievement in Sri Lankan Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
MASP Manchanayaka ◽  
H Palihakkara ◽  
S Fernando ◽  
TB Jeganathan ◽  
HKL Chamalika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Language Achievement ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Level ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This paper presents the findings of a study that investigated the nexus between the parental level of education and the level of the English language achievement at the Ordinary Level (O/Level) Examination. Determining how socio-economic factors affect the achievement level of English, exploring what socio-economic factors affect the achievement of the English language, and identifying the primary socio-economic factors were the objectives. A non-experimental cross-sectional research design was used in conducting the study. The sample consisted of 291 volunteer participants from six schools in the western province. We administered a research-team designed Likert scale type questionnaire to gather the data. The instrument was pilot-tested with 74 participants. In a statistical approach to data analysis, a regression analysis was run in SPSS (version 26). Findings showed that the English language proficiency of the participants increased by 0.691 for each education level of the father, and it was increased by 0.789 for each education level of the mother. Equitable teaching of the English language, availing more time and classwork to improve the achievement levels of the English language, and using quality inputs to give more support to the students who receive lower grades were suggested as part of recommendations.

scholarly journals Towards A Model to Improve English Language Standards in Schools: Impact of Socio-Economic Factors of Stakeholders

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Viruli A. De Silva ◽  
Hemamali Palihakkara
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

There is a dire need to enhance the English language standards in schools of developing countries using English as a second or Foreign language, due to its importance in employability and high-earning ability in the job market. Enhancing English language standards in schools is vital to improving the English language competence of school leavers and undergraduates to achieve an English language quality level as a nation, to produce diversified graduates of global quality, to address the unemployability problem in developing countries. Sri Lanka, with a rich history of a colonial era, is no exception. Studies on the influence of Socio-Economic factors of stakeholders on improving the English language standards in schools had received poor attention from past researchers, especially in the Sri Lankan education context. Hence, the overall purpose of this study is to develop a theoretical model, to explore the impact of socio-economic factors of stakeholders on English Language Standards in Sri Lankan schools. The study reviewed reliable secondary data published in scholarly extant literature, government Policy Documents, Research Reports of reputed institutions, etc., relevant to the above primary relationship and key concepts of the study. Six main stakeholders in the socio-economic context of the school English Language education were identified: (i) Education Policy Makers, (ii) School Management, (iii) School Principals, (iv) English Language Teachers, (v) Students, and (vi) Parents. An integrated, seven-construct conceptual model, labeled ‘ELS Model’ (English Language Standard Model), was developed, to examine the impact of socio-economic factors of the six stakeholders on improving English Language Standards in schools. This ELS Model presents original insights and future directions to scholars/researchers and significant implications for policymakers.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Factors Assessment Affecting the Adoption of Soil Conservation Technologies on Rwenzori Mountain

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Nabalegwa Wambede Muhamud
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Conservation Technologies

This study analysed the role of socio-economic factors in influencing farmers’ adoption to soil conservation technologies in Bugoye Sub-county, Rwenzori Mountain. A cross sectional household survey design was used in this study, using systematic sampling to obtain 150 household samples. Qualitative analysis and chi-square tests were used to analyze these data. Results indicated that only 54% of the sampled households have adopted soil conservation, and revealed that eight of the nine factors significantly influenced farmers’ adoption, which are slope, farm size, farm distance from home, education level, family income, training, membership to NGOs, and credit accessibility. Only family size was insignificant. Other constraints are labour demands, cost of conservation work, land fragmentation, crop pests, and the limited agricultural extension services. It is recommended to perform training for farmers on designing soil conservation structures. Policies for empowering farmers with extra income are crucial to increase the adoption of soil conservation efforts.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Students and Teachers about Students’ Proficiency in English Language at Higher Secondary Level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Kifayatullah Khan ◽  
Wasal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
English Language ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
English Language Proficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceptions Of Students

This cross-sectional quantitative research was conducted to compare the average perceptions of students and teachers regarding students’ English language proficiency at the higher secondary level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The participants were 1975 students and 108 teachers belonging to one each district of the seven divisions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data were collected through pre-tested questionnaire i.e., one each for students and teachers. To analyze the significance difference between the average perceptions of students and teachers about higher secondary students’ English language proficiency; independent samples t-test was applied. The findings of the study revealed significant difference in teachers’ and students’ perceptions regarding students’ partial command over English language; use of English in and beyond classroom; expressing views fluently in English; students’ listening, speaking and reading skills; while no significant difference was seen regarding students’ full command over English language and their writing skill.

scholarly journals Association Between Region of Birth and Advance Care Planning Documentation Among Older Australian Migrant Communities: A Multicenter Audit Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Craig Sinclair ◽  
Marcus Sellars ◽  
Kimberly Buck ◽  
Karen M Detering ◽  
Ben P White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professional ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Advance Care Planning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Advance Care

Abstract Objectives This study explored associations between birth region, sociodemographic predictors, and advance care planning (ACP) uptake. Methods A prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional audit study of 100 sites across 8 Australian jurisdictions. ACP documentation was audited in the health records of people aged 65 years or older accessing general practice (GP), hospital, and long-term care facility (LTCF) settings. Advance care directives (ACDs) completed by the person (“person completed ACDs”) and ACP documents completed by a health professional or other person (“health professional or someone else ACP”) were counted. Hierarchical multilevel logistic regression assessed associations with birth region. Results From 4,187 audited records, 30.0% (1,152/3,839) were born outside Australia. “Person completed ACDs” were less common among those born outside Australia (21.9% vs 28.9%, X2 (1, N = 3,840) = 20.3, p < .001), while “health professional or someone else ACP” was more common among those born outside Australia (46.4% vs 34.8%, X2 (1, N = 3,840) = 45.5, p < .001). Strongest associations were found for those born in Southern Europe: “person completed ACD” (odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.36–0.88), and “health professional or someone else ACP” (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.01–1.98). English-language proficiency and increased age significantly predicted both ACP outcomes. Discussion Region of birth is associated with the rate and type of ACP uptake for some older Australians. Approaches to ACP should facilitate access to interpreters and be sensitive to diverse preferences for individual and family involvement in ACP.

Depression, Anxiety, and Acculturative Stress Among Resettled Bhutanese Refugees in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1269-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Lumley ◽  
Mary Katsikitis ◽  
Dixie Statham
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
English Language ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bhutanese Refugees ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Brief Cope

Despite awareness of the difficulties faced by refugees in flight, little is known about their mental health following resettlement. This article investigated rates, predictors, and moderators of anxiety, depression, and acculturative stress among members of the resettled Bhutanese refugee community in northern Queensland. A total of 148 participants (51% male), 18 to 83 years of age, participated in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was comprised of bilingual (English–Nepali) versions of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21; anxiety and depression), the Multidimensional Acculturative Stress Scale (MASS; acculturative stress), Brief-COPE (coping style), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS; social support), and socio-demographics. Participants reported severe levels of anxiety and moderate levels of depression, and moderate to high levels of acculturative stress. Acculturative stress was a substantive contributor to both depression and anxiety scores. Additional risk factors included the use of maladaptive/avoidant coping styles, age, and education. English language proficiency was strongly protective, as was education to Year 12 and current employment. This research is the first of its kind with this refugee group in Australia, and highlights the longevity and severity of mental health issues that affect Bhutanese refugees resettled in Australia.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Factors on Indonesia Education Disparity

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Azzizah
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Education Management ◽  
Inequality In Education ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Regional Governments

<p class="apa">Since 1998, regional governments in Indonesia have had greater autonomy due to the commencement of a reformation movement across Indonesia. Large portions of education management were delegated to the regional governments. Because of this, the education level varies strongly across Indonesia’ provinces. Referring to the data provided by the Indonesian Bureau of Statistics, it is found that Eastern Indonesia generally has a higher rate of uneducated than Western Indonesia. We review the current condition of Indonesian education in terms of regional disparity among eastern and western provinces and study the correlation between inequality in education and other related aspects, such as social and economic conditions. We find that inequality issues on socio-economic conditions are reflected in the education disparity between Eastern and Western Indonesia. By employing panel data with provinces as units of observations, we find that the difference in regional development among Indonesian provinces influences education issues. By evaluating the standard deviation of the statistic we were able to identify socio-economic factors that influence the regional education disparity.</p>

scholarly journals Socio-economic Factors as Predictors of Undergraduate Students’ Attitude towards Entrepreneurship in Botswana

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Som Pal Baliyan ◽  
Pritika Singh Baliyan
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Degree Program ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Program Of Study ◽  
Career Ambition ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Attitudes and values related to entrepreneurship imbibed by graduates may serve as impediments to future economic growth and development of entrepreneurship. Factors behind the nonchalant attitude towards entrepreneurship by the potential entrepreneur youth need to be identified and their influence remedied. This descriptive and co-relational study analyzed the socio-economic factors determining attitude towards entrepreneurship among graduates in Botswana. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used for data collection through a survey of 149 (n=149) randomly sampled graduates in Botswana. Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical tools of mean, frequency, independent t-test, one way analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Descriptive statistics indicated that the students would like to pursue their future career as entrepreneurs but opposite to the student career ambition, the parents want their children to become future professionals. Findings revealed that eight socio-economic factors namely; gender, program of study, year of study, mothers’ education level, mothers’ profession, family income level and students career ambition after completion of degree program and parents career ambition after completion of degree program have significant influence on the students’ attitude towards entrepreneurship. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the socio-economic factors are significant predictors of students’ attitude towards entrepreneurship. Furthermore, mothers’ education level was the top significant socio-economic factor predicting the students’ attitude followed by students’ career ambition after completion of the program, the year of study and the program of study. Further research can be conducted to investigate the reasons for gender difference in students’ attitude towards entrepreneurship and, reasons for contradicting career ambitions of the students and their parents.

scholarly journals Socio-economic determinants of alcohol consumption for South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Naiefa Rashied
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
National Income ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Binge Drinkers ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Aims: To examine the socio-economic factors associated with alcohol consumption in South Africa. Design: Cross-sectional study exploring the various socio-economic factors associated with alcohol consumption in South Africa. Setting: South Africans older than 15 years across the country’s nine provinces. Participants: Adult respondents of the alcohol intensity and frequency questions in Wave 4 of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) (n=28 401). Measures: Alcohol, demographic, emotional, health and neighbourhood variables. Findings: White and Mixed Heritage (referred to as ‘Coloured’ in South Africa) adults were more likely to consume alcohol, while Indian and White adults were less likely to binge drink relative to African adults. Males at greater risk of depression, and those who resided in neighbourhoods where frequent alcohol and drug abuse was common, were more likely to binge drink. Females who exercised more than three times a week were also more likely to drink and binge drink. Adults who smoked were more likely to drink and binge drink relative to non-smoking adults. Accounting for binge drinkers’ household size, average monthly household spending for binge drinkers was low, which suggests that binge drinkers under-reported household alcohol spending. There was evidence of drinking and binge drinking among pregnant women. Conclusions: Binge drinking trends related to race, gender, neighbourhood, pregnancy and household alcohol spending warrant further investigation and consideration for possible future alcohol interventions in South Africa.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Determinants of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia: A Case Study of the 2014 Indonesian Family Life Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Fariza Zahra Kamilah ◽  
Farhan Habibie ◽  
Gina Ridhia Rahma ◽  
Mohammad Naufal Faisal Sofyan ◽  
Nurma Sari Isnaini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indonesian Family Life Survey ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of excessive blood sugar levels. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health shows that several DM survivors have had DM for over 15 years reached 19.98 million or 10.9% of the Indonesian population in 2019 with population data according to the Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia. This research aimed to determine factors affecting DM in Indonesia. Method: This was a study with a cross-sectional design. The data used in this study came from the fifth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). A total of 34,257 individuals aged 14 or over as samples. The dependent variable was diabetes mellitus, while independent variables were obesity, hypertension, quality of sleep, and socio-economic factors. The data measurement was performed by logistic regression.  Results: The research found that obesity, hypertension, and poor sleep quality will increase the risk of DM and also the risk will increase due to socio-economic factors like age, education, household income, urban, and marital status. Conclusion: This study found that the driving force for DM in Indonesia is obesity, hypertension, and sleep quality.

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