Desertification, environmental, climatic change and role of trees, shrubs and green areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 037-050
Author(s):  
Sami Ali Metwally ◽  
Bedour Helmy Abou-Leila
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Combating Desertification

Background: Desertification exacerbated and raised by climate change and represents one of the greatest environmental challenges of our times. Also, Desertification and climate change are an old phenomenon has not been a threat to life people, in the past so as to provide the natural ecological balance back then, but because of the range of the factors, we will recall it. The desertification and climate changes has started to worsen and its negative effects have increased at all levels, Economic, social and development. Trees, woody shrubs and ornamental plants represent an ever-important group in that they are the raw source for many important industries such as the manufacture of wood, food and medicine, health care (alternative medicine) and as windbreaks, and they play an important role in improving the environment, especially in light of the current climate changes. Main body: During recent years, the interest in planting woody trees and ornamental plants has increased, and its role has remained confined to a narrow range. It's important and fundamental role as a primary locomotive in combating desertification, sand encroachment and sand dunes, resisting successive climate changes, improving the environment and protecting it from pollution, as well as its prominent role in addressing the big problems that result from The movement of sand dunes and their threat to industrial and residential facilities, roads, farms,.... etc. Conclusion: The role of plants, trees, green areas are combating desertification and climate change, these trees does not depend on protecting farms only, but extending them to protecting urban communities and new cities from sand, which may lead to completely covering homes and establishments, but also to destroy the entire infrastructure (roads, tunnels, electricity, irrigation lines, railways ... It also plays a role in protecting the beaches and coastal areas from the high waves.

scholarly journals The effect of climate change on depression in urban areas of western Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Regime Changes ◽  
Climatic Time Series ◽  
Climatic Elements

Abstract Objective Human is accustomed to climatic conditions of the environment where they are born and live throughout their lifetime. The aim of this study is to examine mood swings and depression caused by sudden climate changes that have not yet given the humans a chance to adapt. Results Our results showed that depression could be affected by climate change and as a result, the behavior of climatic elements and trends has damaged mental health in the western regions of Iran. By investigating the trends and changes of climatic time series and their relationship with the rate of depression in urban areas of western Iran, it can be said that climate change is probably a mental health challenge for urban populations. Climate change is an important and worrying issue that makes the life difficult. Rapid climate changes in western Iran including rising air temperature, changes in precipitation, its regime, changes cloudiness and the amount of sunlight have a negative effects on health. The results showed that type of increasing or decreasing trend, as well as different climatic elements in various seasons did not have the same effect on the rate of depression in the studied areas.

scholarly journals New color variations highlight Park sage (Salvia nemorosa L.) and characterization

2012 ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Tünde Kaprinyák ◽  
Judit Koroknai ◽  
Anikó Zsiláné André ◽  
Miklós Gábor Fári ◽  
Zoltán Kováts† ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Color Version ◽  
Ornamental Species ◽  
Additional Option

The negative effects of climate change on ornamental plants are also becoming more serious harm. In the current planting display appearing ornamental species and vareities needed in addition to the domestic well-changeable climate-tolerant plantspecies is involved. A natural populations of Sage Park is still unknown to us color- and shape variations are hidden. Plants of the natural vegetation collected from these clones formed three major evaluation of the color version with a temporary color variations have appeared. The axial length of inflorescens, color and brevity of the flowers were also significant differences. The botanists have not been tested by the sepal and bract from top to bottom and may vary. In 2011, the shoots are planted in field breading methods to perform an additional option.

scholarly journals O Papel das Oleaginosas em um Cenário de Mudanças Climáticas no Semiárido Brasileiro (The Role of Oilseeds in a Climate Change Scenario in the Brazilian Semiarid)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
João Nildo S. Vianna ◽  
Marcelo Castro Pereira ◽  
Laura M.G. Duarte ◽  
Magda E. Wehrmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Family Agriculture

Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar, ainda que de forma preliminar, os efeitos limitantes das mudanças climáticas na produção de oleaginosas agro-energética no semiárido brasileiro, nomeadamente a redução dos índices pluviométricos e aumento de temperatura. Para alcançar este objetivo usa-se como referência a evolução de variáveis climáticas, por meio da série histórica entre 1973 e 2010, e projeções futuras tendo por base os cenários de mudanças climáticas, desenvolvidos para o nordeste brasileiro até 2100. O recorte geográfico é a região de Irecê, no semiárido da Bahia, tradicional reduto da agricultura familiar e grande produtor de alimentos consorciado com oleaginosas. O estudo mostra que as culturas tradicionais de oleaginosas estão próximas aos limites de exigências hídricas, pelo que, para enfrentar as mudanças nos padrões climáticos, vai ser necessário um melhoramento genético das culturas tradicionais para que essa espécies consigam tolerar as restrições hídricas. Preconizando-se igualmente a introdução de espécies mais rústicas e com maior resistência ao estresse hídrico. Palavras-Chave: Agricultura Familiar, Vulnerabilidade e Adaptação às Mudanças Climáticas, Biodiesel, Semiárido.  The Role of Oilseeds in a Climate Change Scenario in the Brazilian Semiarid  ABSTRACT The present study aims to evaluate the effects of climate changes on the production of oilseed and energy crops in the Brazilian semiarid region. The study is based on the analysis of past climate, by evaluating a historic series of rain and temperature from 1973 to 2010. This historic series is, then, compared to a future climate prediction, based on climatic change scenarios developed for the Brazilian northeast until 2100. The geographic location of the study is the Irecê area of the State of Bahia, in the semi-arid northeast. That is a traditional family agriculture area with a strong food crop and oilseeds production. The study shows that traditional oilseed crops are being cultivated near the limits of their water needs. In order to face the climate changes, such crops would need to be genetically improved to increase their tolerance to water stress. An option would be to introduce species with higher level of tolerance to water stress. Keywords: family agriculture, vulnerability and adaptation to climate changes, biodiesel, semiarid.

scholarly journals Hydroponic Training to Improve Community Living Standards in Densely Populated and Weak Economies

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1569-1577
Author(s):  
Bob Foster ◽  
Fitriani Reyta ◽  
Muhamad Deni Johansyah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Community Service ◽  
International Student ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Additional Income ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Simple hydroponic technology plays a role in increasing human capacity and capacity to deal with the impacts of climate change and contribute to sustainable development. Dealing with the impacts of climate change means reducing significantly or eliminating negative effects on society and the natural environment, this activity can be started through simple things such as reforesting the immediate environment in the community. The principle of sustainable development is an important guide to ensure that the use of simple technologies such as hydroponics to reduce climate change by recycling materials also has an impact on increasing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. I Green Project, We Grow Communityis a community service initiated by LPPM Universitas Informatics and Bisnis Indonesia in collaboration with the International Student Organization AIESEC focuses on the role of academics in mitigating climate change by adopting actions to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Because climate and environment are interrelated, this community service also considers the role of hydroponics as greening the environment in helping individuals understand the environment around them, which is a prerequisite for overcoming the problem of climate change. Pengabdian located in Baranang Siang, Bandung City, West Java, 2018 has provided an understanding of the steps needed to reduce climate change, including several policy issues that need to be addressed, changing environmental conditions to be greener and activating community participation to have additional income from the program. Hydroponics so that people with weak economies are more helped to be independent. This program is implemented for 1 month in August with the number of community members as executors of 30 (thirty) people.

scholarly journals The Role of Genetic Resources in Breeding for Climate Change: The Case of Public Breeding Programmes in Eighteen Developing Countries

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gea Galluzzi ◽  
Aseffa Seyoum ◽  
Michael Halewood ◽  
Isabel López Noriega ◽  
Eric W. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Policy Adaptation ◽  
Breeding Programmes

The role of plant breeding in adapting crops to climate changes that affect food production in developing countries is recognized as extremely important and urgent, alongside other agronomic, socio-economic and policy adaptation pathways. To enhance plant breeders’ capacity to respond to climate challenges, it is acknowledged that they need to be able to access and use as much genetic diversity as they can get. Through an analysis of data from a global survey, we explore if and how public breeders in selected developing countries are responding to climate challenges through a renewed or innovative use of plant genetic resources, particularly in terms of types of material incorporated into their breeding work as well as sources of such germplasm. It also looks at the possible limitations breeders encounter in their efforts towards exploring diversity for adaptation. Breeders are clearly considering climate challenges. In general, their efforts are aimed at intensifying their breeding work on traits that they were already working on before climate change was so widely discussed. Similarly, the kinds of germplasm they use, and the sources from which they obtain it, do not appear to have changed significantly over the course of recent years. The main challenges breeders faced in accessing germplasm were linked to administrative/legal factors, particularly related to obtaining genetic resources across national borders. They also underscore technical challenges such as a lack of appropriate technologies to exploit germplasm sets such as crop wild relatives and landraces. Addressing these limitations will be crucial to fully enhance the role of public sector breeders in helping to adapt vulnerable agricultural systems to the challenges of climate change.

scholarly journals The role of land use and land cover change in climate change vulnerability assessments of biodiversity: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Santos ◽  
Adam B. Smith ◽  
Stefan C. Dekker ◽  
Maarten B. Eppinga ◽  
Pedro J. Leitão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Population Viability ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Climate Change Vulnerability ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments

Abstract Context For many organisms, responses to climate change (CC) will be affected by land-use and land-cover changes (LULCC). However, the extent to which LULCC is concurrently considered in climate change vulnerability assessments (CCVAs) is unclear. Objectives We identify trends in inclusion of LULCC and CC in vulnerability assessments of species and the direction and magnitude of their combined effect on biodiversity. Further, we examine the effect size of LULCC and CC in driving changes in “currencies” of response to CC, such as distribution, abundance and survival. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review of articles published in the last 30 years that focused on CCVA and accounted for impacts of both CC and LULCC. Results Across 116 studies, 34% assumed CC and LULCC would act additively, while 66% allowed for interactive effects. The majority of CCVAs reported similar effect sizes for CC and LULCC, although they affected different CCVA currencies. Only 14% of the studies showed larger effects of CC than of LULCC. Another 14% showed larger effects of LULCC than CC, specifically for dispersal, population viability, and reproduction, which tend to be strongly affected by fragmentation and disturbance. Although most studies found that LULCC and CC had negative effects on species currencies, in some cases effects were neutral or even positive. Conclusions CCVAs that incorporate LULCC provided a better account of drivers of vulnerability, and highlight aspects of drivers that are generally more amenable to on-the-ground management intervention than CCVAs that focus on CC alone.

scholarly journals Rippl-Rónai’s color in the native parks: production and using of new, synthetic Wild sage color-mixture

2014 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Tünde Kapirnyák ◽  
Erika Kurucz ◽  
Judit Koroknai ◽  
Miklós Fári
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Tolerant Plants ◽  
Ornamental Horticulture ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Ornamental Species

The climate changes is becoming more damaging to ornamental plants. Besides ornamental species and varieties of plants on public spaces. It will be necessary to use domestic, well adaptable climate-tolerant plant species. One field of our growing ornamental plants researches from 2001 in the Centre of Agricultural Sciences of University of Debrecen, is studying drought patient, mainly Hungarian improved annual varieties, which are able to get acclimatized with the landscape. Moreover, we have in view to work out new, economical seedling production technologies. In the program, the excellent drought- and frost tolerant annuals and perennials belongs to the climate change tolerant plants. From the evaluated of species we want to create and spread the application. of the new types of ornamental horticulture culture.

scholarly journals STAKEHOLDERS, NETWORKS AND CONVENTION THEORY IN THE COORDINATION OF PROBLEMS THAT RESULT FROM CLIMATE CHANGES IN AGRIBUSINESSDOI: 10.5773/rgsa.v4i1.211

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Denise Barros de Azevedo ◽  
Eugênio Ávila Pedrozo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Stakeholder Theory ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Active Space ◽  
Convention Theory ◽  
Insertion Process

As ações antropogênicas têm provocado aumento do aquecimento global, um dos principais problemas ambientais do século, desafiando a humanidade e a ciência a encontrar alternativas tecnológicas e a buscar outros estilos de produção, consumo e convivência. A inserção de diferentes stakeholders - relacionados aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas e seus desdobramentos sócio-econômicos e ambientais do agronegócio - é necessária, dadas as interfaces de diversas áreas dos conhecimentos em novos mecanismos que proporcionam alternativas comuns. Este trabalho propõe-se a estudar as ações dos diálogos com stakeholders do agronegócio relacionadas aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas; e propor um framework inserindo as abordagens de Teoria de Stakeholders, de Redes e da Teoria das Convenções para conhecer as convenções que estão nas ações. Como resultado, verificou-se que os diálogos entre diferentes stakeholders identificaram seis justificativas que permitem as convenções (inspiração, doméstica, opinião, cívica, mercantil e industrial) que condicionam a reconhecer cada ação gerada nos cinco estudos de casos apresentados. O framework proposto oferece um espaço ativo e dinâmico para estudar como incidem as formas de coordenações entre os stakeholders dos agronegócios e como os efeitos das mudanças climáticas proporcionam formas de integração e oportunidades. Palavras-chave: Diálogos entre Stakeholders, Redes, Teoria das Convenções, Agribusiness. Abstract Anthropogenic actions have caused an increase of global warming, one of the main environmental problems of the century, challenging humanity and science to find technological alternatives. The insertion of different stakeholders – related to the effects of climate change and its social-economical and environmental unfolding in agribusiness – is necessary, considering the interfaces in different areas of knowledge of new mechanisms that provide common alternatives. This paper consists of a theoretical review of Stakeholder Theory, Networks and Convention Theory. Interactions between these three approaches are possible and also allow the identification of the conventions in face of the formation of networks originated from the dialogues. The framework proposed, called “Insertion Mechanisms of Agribusiness Stakeholders for Climate Change” seeks to analyze how, in the light of the problems arising from climate changes, the insertion process of stakeholders in the agribusiness environment allows a view of the real situation. And, the role of networks and conventions can contribute towards achieving equilibrium when tracing a picture of the behavior among individuals with specific natures in order to generate alternatives for the mitigation of climate change as well as opportunities for agribusiness. As a result, the proposed framework offers a dynamic and active space to study how the forms of coordination occur among the agribusiness stakeholders. The proposed framework offers a dynamic and active space to study how the forms of coordination occur among the agribusiness stakeholders and how the effects of climate change generate forms of opportunities and integration. Keywords: Stakeholders Dialogues, Networks, Convention Theory, Agribusiness.

Intellectual Property and Climate Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbe EL Brown
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Fast Tracking ◽  
Aarhus Convention ◽  
Competition Laws ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the current and potential impact of intellectual property (IP) on efforts to manage and reduce climate change through technological development. To that end it considers international IP and environment treaties (notably the TRIPS Agreement, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Changes and its Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, and the Aarhus Convention) and the extent to which their objectives can and do intersect or conflict. Particular reference is made to discussions at the TRIPS Council and to the activities of WIPO Green. It explores possible ways to increase the role of IP in addressing climate change issues, including limiting the availability of patents, fast-tracking certain patent applications, and promoting IP exploitation models based on sharing rather than control. Finally, it explores the benefits to be gained in developing the relationship between IP and climate change by looking more widely, to human rights and competition laws.

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