Comparing Efficacy of Intradermal Tranexamic Acid (TA) Verses Fluocinolone-Based Triple Combination (Hydroquinone 4%, Tretinoin 0.05%, Fluocinolone Acetonide 0.01%) Therapy in the Treatment of Melasma

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1714-1717
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Raheel Tahir ◽  
Saba Amin ◽  
Tahir Hassan ◽  
Farah Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Fluocinolone Acetonide ◽  
Triple Combination ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Group I ◽  
Type Pattern ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Clinically Significant

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intradermal tranexamic acid (TA) verses fluocinolone-based triple combination (hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%, fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%)therapy in the treatment of melasma. Study Design: Randomized comparative trial Place and Duration: Study was conducted at outpatient dermatology department of Sheikh Zayed hospital Rahim Yar Khan for period of six months i.e from September 2020 to February 2021. Methods: Total 110 patients (age 18-40 year) of both genders having melasma on face were enrolled. Patients details demographics, age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking written consent. Patients were divided into 2-groups. Group I had 55 patients and received intradermal tranexamic acid and group II had 55 patients andwere given topical fluocinolone-based triple combination (hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%, fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%) cream. Follow up was taken for 2-months to determine efficacy and safety. Complete data was analyzed usingSPSS 22.0 version. Results: Out of 110 patients 60 (54.54%) were females and 50 (45.46%) were males. Mean age of the patients in group I was 29.15±5.14 years with mean BMI 24.16±7.22 kg/m2 and in group II mean age was 28.17±5.18 years with mean BMI 23.61±2.48 kg/m2. Most of the patients (85 or 77.27%) had mixed melasma followed by dermal (16 patients /14.54%) and epidermal melasma(9 patients/8.18%). We found that malar-type pattern of melasma was most common, found in 66 (60%) of cases. A decrease in MASI score from baseline (15.4) was found 2.4 in group-Iand 5.6 in group-II. In group II erythema, hypertrichosis, hypopigmentation and acneiform lesions were the side effects found but there was no clinically significant side effect found in group I patients. Conclusion: We found in this study that use of intradermal tranexamic acid (TA) in the treatment of melasma was effective and safe because there were no clinically significant side effects found after this treatment and reduction of MASI score was also significant. Keywords: Triple combination, Melasma, MASI, Intradermal tranexamic acid

A DOUBLE BLIND COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN INTRATHECAL BUPIVACAINE AND INTRATHECAL FENTANYLAS THE INITIAL DOSE OF COMBINED SPINAL EPIDURAL TECHNIQUE FOR LABOUR ANALGESIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Niraj Kumar Mishra ◽  
Sushil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Fetal Oxygenation

Introduction: Labour pain is among the most severe pain a woman can experience in her lifetime. Painful labour has decrimental effects on both mother and fetus leads to severe physical and psychological stress. Maternal hyperventilation in response to pain reduces fetal oxygenation and hypoventilation between contractions combined with decreased blood ow worsens fetal hypoxemia. It has been suggested that conning women to bed during labour may cause the labour to be longer and more painful with increase in abnormal presentation, instrumental deliveries and fetal distress. Aims And Objectives:The onset, quality and duration of their analgesic action. Incidence of unwanted effects like muscle weakness, hypotension, pruritus, nausea/vomiting, fetal bradycardia by the individual drugs. Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in the department of anesthesia, Darbhanga Medical College & Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar. Methods of collection of data (including sampling procedure if any) : After institutional committee approval and written informed consent from parturients and their relatives for the procedure the study was conducted and data were collected. Results: Duration of analgesia was found varying widely. It was 55±12.34 minutes in Group I whereas 75 ±14.36 minutes in Group II. The incidence of pruritus almost mild or negligible in both groups. The incidence of motor weakness in group II was 24 (80%) whereas in group I it was 10(33%). There was signicant statistics difference in motor weakness between two groups (p< 0.001) by Chi square test 9 with yate's correction. Other side effects differences between two groups were not statistically signicant. Summary And Conclusion:Both the drugs provided excellent quality of analgesia to the parturient in pain. The difference in duration of analgesia was signicant between the two groups statistically. Mean duration of analgesia lasted for 55 minutes in group I whereas in group II, it lasted for 75 minutes. Main side effects encountered in this study were motor weakness of longer duration in group II than in group I. Other side effects like nausea-vomiting were comparable to each other and were minimal in nature.

Comparison of the Effects of Low Dose Methylprednisolone and Metoclopramide on Nausea and Vomiting and Respiratory Complications after Adenotonsillectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2753-2756
Author(s):  
Shahid Adalat Chaudhry ◽  
Madiha Zafar ◽  
Usman Zeeshan ◽  
Mubashar Iqbal ◽  
Arooj Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Mean Time

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of low dose methylprednisolone and metoclopramide on nausea, vomiting and respiratory complications after adenotonsillectomy. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: The study was conducted in Divisional Headquarter Teaching Hospital, Mirpur AJK for duration of six months from December 2020 to May 2021. Methods: Total 150 patients of both genders underwent adenotonsillectomy presented in this study. Patients were aged between 3-15 years. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases age, sex and weight were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients were equally divided into two groups. Group I had 75 patients and received 1 mg/kg IV methylpredinosolone and group II received 0.15 mg/kg metoclopramide among 75 patients. Post-operative effects on PONV were assessed and compared among both groups in terms of oral intake time, vomiting episodes, respiratory complications and side effects. Mean pain score was calculated by VAS. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 23.0 version. Results: There were 40 (53.3%) females and 35 (46.7%) males in group I with mean age 9.43±1.44 years while in group II 42 (56%) were females and 33 (44%) were male patients with mean age 8.04±3.36 years. Mean weight of the patients in group I was 23.08±4.61 kg and in group II mean body weight was 22.11±6.84 kg. Mean operative time in group I was 27.41±8.53 min and in group II mean time was 28.17±6.34 min. Post-operative frequency of vomiting and nausea was lower in group I 14 (18.7%) and 16 (21.3%) as compared to group II 21 (28%) and 24 (34%). Low pain score was found in group I 1.71±6.11 as compared to group II 3.02±4.09. Time to oral intake was higher in group II 2.98±3.48 hours as compared to group I 1.09±7.51 hours. Rate of respiratory complications and side effects were significantly higher in group II. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that the use of methylpredinosolone was effective among patients those underwent for adenotonsillectomy in terms of post-operative frequency of PONV, pain, respiratory complications and side effects. Except this low dose of methylpredinosolone were effective in earlier tolerance of oral intake. Keywords: Adenotonsillectomy, Metoclopramide, Methylpredinosolone, Oral Intake

Comparison of the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy regimens in the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
T.G. Romanenko ◽  
◽  
O.M. Sulimenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
American Society ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed therapy in pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Materials and methods. All patients were divided into two groups. І group – 38 patients received the course of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid 625 mg per os twice a day for 7 days, group II – 33 patients received D-mannose (1.2 g), powder of 5.8 g in a sachet 2 times a day for 7 days. Diagnostic criteria for asymptomatic bacteriuria were based on practical recommendations of the American Society of Infectious Diseases. Results. In the first cultural research of the urine specimen (immediately after the end of the course of therapy), the percentage of microorganism’s persistence in the urinary tract of a woman was determined, in case of its detection, an additional course of treatment was prescribed. In the second and subsequent control urine samples, the percentage of relapsing bacteriuria was determined. Percentage of the persistence of the pathogen in the urinary tract among the treated women with bacteriuria remained rather low – 10.5% (4 patients) in group I, but higher than in group II 3.1% (1 patient). The percentage of sterile first urine sample was high and probably did not differ between groups – 31 (81.6%) and 32 (96.9%) women respectively in I and II groups. In the first group, the percentage of relapses during gestation after the diagnosed and treated bacteriuria remained rather high and amounted to 23.7% (9 patients), and in the second group, the relapse was not recorded. Conclusions. The 7-day course of therapy with the D-mannose drug is associated with fewer cases of persistent pathogenic pathogens in urine, no recurrence of bacterial infection, and no side effects. Key words: asymptomatic bacteriuria, D-mannose, urinary tract, pregnancy.

scholarly journals A comparative clinical study of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine with and without fentanyl for hysterectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Hari Poudel ◽  
Surinder Nath Bawa ◽  
Surendra Mohan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Hyperbaric Bupivacaine ◽  
Sensory Blockade ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Spinal anaesthesia has been widely used for lower abdominal surgeries like hysterectomy.Hyperbaric bupivacaine is the most extensively used local anesthetic. Addition of fentanyl can allow the reduction in the dose of bupivacaine, increase the height and duration of sensory blockade, and reduces complications of spinal anesthesia. Aims and Objective: The aim of the study was to examine whether adding fentanyl to hyperbaric bupivacaine would increase the height of sensory blockade, accelerate the onset of sensory blockade and increase the duration of the sensory blockade. Material and Methods: This study was done in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal that included hundred patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. The patients were randomly allocated in two groups; Group I: received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 2.5 ml (12.5 mg) plus normal saline 0.5 ml. Group II: received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 2.5 ml (12.5 mg) plus 0.5 ml fentanyl (25 μg). Hemodynamic variables, onset of motor and sensory blockade, duration of sensory and motor blockade and any side effects were observed and recorded. Results: The highest and lowest sensory block in Group I was T-7 and T-9 whereas in Group II was T-5 and T-9 respectively. In group I, the mean onset till maximum height of sensory blockade was 7.04 min whereas in group II it was 5.96 min (P<0.00).There was no significant statistical difference in the incidence of side effects in both the groups. Conclusion: Intrathecal fentanyl with hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia significantly accelerated the onset of sensory blockade and increased its maximum height and duration.

scholarly journals Comparison of Ketamine and Pentazocine with Fentanyl and Propofol combination for anaesthesia during laparoscopic tubal ligation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1525
Author(s):  
Ovais Nazir ◽  
Asif Hussain Bhat ◽  
Hamid Yatoo ◽  
Sanjeevni Gupta ◽  
Rajesh Misra
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Tubal Ligation ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Laparoscopic tubal ligation have advantages of minimally invasive surgical technique, without risk of major haemorrhage, early postoperative ambulation and alimentation, making it suitable for ambulatory surgery. The choice of aneasthesia for laparoscopic ligation hence should consider the anaesthetic agents with a rapid onset of action and fast recovery time, with minimal problems for intraoperative control of haemodynamic, airway and pain relief as well as take consideration of the safety, quality, efficacy, and utilization of resources available to the given situation.Methods: A total of 100 patients aged from 18 to 45 years who were scheduled to undergo laparoscopic tubal ligation  were divided into Group I-  Ketamine plus pentazocine group (n=50), Group II- Propofol plus fentanyl group (n=50) and studied  for the intraoperative parameters (hemodynamic and respiratory profile), recovery time, postoperative side effects and discharge time.Results: Intraoperatively MAP and HR were consistently higher in group I as compared to group II. Incidence of apnea and need for bag and mask ventilation was significantly more in Group II than in Group I as was the incidence of Bradycardia. Postoperative nausea and vomiting, psychomimetic effects were significantly more in Group I than in Group II. The time to reach modified PADSS ≥9 (discharge time) was significantly longer in group I (140.3±12.82 min than in group II 102.2±9.2 min), P<0.01.Conclusions: Combination of ketamine and pentazocine gives good anaesthetic conditions during procedure with less incidence of airway and haemodynamic complications intraoperatively but more incidence of postoperative side effects like nausea, vomiting, psycomimetic effects, and time to meet discharge criteria, compared to propofol plus fentanyl.

A Comparative Study to verify the Efficacy of Preoperative Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Control of Tonsillectomy Bleeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
KB Prashanth ◽  
S Abhilash
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Intravenous Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Single Intravenous Dose ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT Objectives This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of the drug tranexamic acid administered preoperatively in controlling the bleeding during tonsillectomy intraoperatively. Materials and methods A total of 50 patients who underwent tonsillectomy were randomized into two groups. Group I (study group): Intravenous tranexamic acid was given with dose of 10 mg/kg. Group II (control group): Tranexamic acid injection was not given. Intraoperative amount of bleeding was assessed in each case. Results The study group had significant reduction in bleeding and the p-value was <0.05, which was statistically significant, when compared to control group. There were no side effects of the drug observed. Conclusion Single intravenous dose of tranexamic acid at a dose of 10 mg/kg preoperatively is effective in control of tonsillectomy bleeding. How to cite this article Santosh UP, Prashanth KB, Abhilash S. A Comparative Study to verify the Efficacy of Preoperative Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Control of Tonsillectomy Bleeding. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(1):22-25.

Effects of the dopamine agonist cabergoline in patients with prolactinoma intolerant or resistant to bromocriptine

1996 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Delgrange ◽  
Dominique Maiter ◽  
Julian Donckier
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group I ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Long Acting

Delgrange E, Maiter D, Donckier J. Effects of the dopamine agonist cabergoline in patients with prolactinoma intolerant or resistant to bromocriptine. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;134:454–6. ISSN 0804–4643 Cabergoline is a new long-acting ergoline derivative used to treat hyperprolactinaemia. Its effect was assessed in 10 patients (eight women and two men) with prolactinoma who were intolerant (group I; N = 7) or resistant (group II; N = 3) to bromocriptine. In group I, no side effect was observed on cabergoline therapy; two patients became pregnant and normoprolactinaemia was achieved in the five others. In group II, cabergoline was active and well-tolerated in two out of the three patients: one woman had three consecutive pregnancies; in another patient normoprolactinaemia was restored and the tumour shrank by 60%; in the third patient cabergoline was discontinued because of side effects and inefficacy. Thus, cabergoline appears to be an alternative of choice as treatment of hyper-prolactinaemic patients who are intolerant or resistant to bromocriptine. Julian Donckier, Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital UCL of Mont-Godinne, B-5530 Yvoir, Belgium

scholarly journals Comparison between Clinical Efficacies of Levobupivacaine Plain and Levobupivacaine with Fentanyl for Urological Surgeries under Subarachnoid Block

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Aarti Kulkarni ◽  
Paulomi Dey
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Subarachnoid Block ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT Background and aims Spinal anesthesia for urological operations has been frequently used, because symptoms of overhydration, transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) syndrome, and bladder perforation can be recognized. This prospective randomized study was conducted to compare the clinical efficacies of levobupivacaine with and without fentanyl in subarachnoid block with respect to onset and duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia in urological surgeries. Materials and methods This randomized study was conducted in 100 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status grades I and II, posted for urological surgeries. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups and were given the following drugs intrathecally as per group distribution: Group I: 2.5 mL of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine and group II: 2.2 mL of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine with 15 μg (0.3 mL) fentanyl citrate. Parameters monitored were onset and duration of sensory and motor block, hemodynamic parameters, postoperative analgesia, and side effects. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test for the continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Results The onset of sensory level of T10 was earlier in group II (4.74 ± 0.723 minutes) than in group I (5.7 ± 0.953 minutes). Duration of sensory block was longer in group I (292.2 ± 8.154 minutes) than in group II (260 ± 11.066 minutes). Motor block regressed earlier in group II (181.2 ± 7.73 minutes) than in group I. Hemodynamic parameters and side effects were similar in both the groups. Conclusion From our study, we concluded that plain levobupivacaine provided a longer duration of sensory and motor subarachnoid blockade. However, addition of fentanyl as a spinal adjuvant had a dose-sparing effect with earlier onset and early regression of motor block and no hemodynamic alterations. How to cite this article Kulkarni A, Dey P. Comparison between Clinical Efficacies of Levobupivacaine Plain and Levobupivacaine with Fentanyl for Urological Surgeries under Subarachnoid Block. Res Inno in Anesth 2017;2(2):34-39.

scholarly journals Triphala - An Indigenous Ayurvedic Mouthwash As An Anti-Inflammatory Agent - A Clinical Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Shibam Chatterjee ◽  
Balaji Manohar ◽  
Neema Shetty ◽  
Aditi Mathur ◽  
Barkha Makhijani
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Effective Adjunct

Background: An antiplaque agent with minimal side effects that can be used as an effective adjunct to mechanical plaque control is needed. Mouthwash has been used for centuries for medicinal and cosmetic purposes, but in recent years, the rationale behind the use of chemical ingredients has been subjected to scientific research and clinical trials. Herbal medicines are in great demand in the developed as well as in developing countries for primary health care because of their wide biological and medicinal activities, higher safety margin, and lower costs. Triphala mouthwash used in Ayurveda since ancient times, is well-known for its anti-plaque, anti-gingivitis and anti-microbial properties. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effects of an indigenously prepared 0.6% triphala mouthwash on dental plaque and gingival inflammation with a commercially available chlorhexidine mouthwash. Materials and Methods: 20 subjects in the age group of 20-40 years with mild to moderate gingivitis were selected and divided into two equal groups in the study. Following oral prophylaxis, Group I (n=10) subjects were instructed to rinse with 10 ml of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash, Group II (n=10) subjects with 10 ml of 0.6% triphala mouthwash twice daily for 14 days. Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified, Turesky- Gilmore-Glickman modification of Quigley-Hein-Plaque index and Gingival Index were recorded at baseline, 7 and 14 days respectively. Results: Group I and Group II subjects showed statistically significant results in the reduction of the clinical parameters (p < 0.001). Group I subjects showed statistically significant results in reduction of the plaque status (p < 0.05) whereas; Group II subjects showed significant reduction in the gingival inflammation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash yielded better results, 0.6%Triphala mouthwash may be used for short duration of time without any potential side-effects as an alternative to chlorhexidine mouthwash in reducing gingival inflammation.

scholarly journals Safety of Tranexamic Acid in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in High-risk Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jashvant Poeran ◽  
Jimmy J. Chan ◽  
Nicole Zubizarreta ◽  
Madhu Mazumdar ◽  
Leesa M. Galatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hip And Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Background With increasing use of tranexamic acid in total hip and knee arthroplasties, safety concerns remain. Using national claims data, this study examined tranexamic acid use in patients with preexisting comorbidities. The hypothesis was that tranexamic acid use is not associated with increased complication risk in hip and knee arthroplasty patients with comorbidities. Methods Among 765,011 total hip/knee arthroplasties (2013 to 2016, Premier Healthcare claims), tranexamic acid use was assessed in three high-risk groups: group I with patients with a history of venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, seizures, or ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (n = 27,890); group II with renal disease (n = 44,608); and group III with atrial fibrillation (n = 45,952). The coprimary outcomes were blood transfusion and new-onset “composite complications” (venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, seizures, and ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack). Associations between tranexamic acid use and outcomes were measured separately by high-risk group. The odds ratios and Bonferroni-adjusted 99.9% CIs are reported. Results Overall, 404,974 patients (52.9%) received tranexamic acid, with similar frequencies across high-risk groups I (13,004 of 27,890 [46.6%]), II (22,424 of 44,608 [50.3%]), and III (22,379 of 45,952 [48.7%]). Tranexamic acid use was associated with decreased odds of blood transfusion in high-risk groups I (721 of 13,004 [5.5%] vs. 2,293 of 14,886 [15.4%]; odds ratio, 0.307; 99.9% CI, 0.258 to 0.366), group II (2,045 of 22,424 [9.1%] vs. 5,159 of 22,184 [23.3%]; odds ratio, 0.315; 99.9% CI, 0.263 to 0.378), and group III (1,325 of 22,379 [5.9%] vs. 3,773 of 23,573 [16.0%]; odds ratio, 0.321; 99.9% CI, 0.266 to 0.389); all adjusted comparisons P &lt; 0.001. No increased odds of composite complications were observed in high-risk group I (129 of 13,004 [1.0%] vs. 239 of 14,886 [1.6%]; odds ratio, 0.89, 99.9% CI, 0.49 to 1.59), group II (238 of 22,424 [1.1%] vs. 369 of 22,184 [1.7%]; odds ratio, 0.98; 99.9% CI, 0.58 to 1.67), and group III (187 of 22,379 [0.8%] vs. 290 of 23,573 [1.2%]; odds ratio, 0.93; 99.9% CI, 0.54 to 1.61); all adjusted comparisons P &gt; 0.999. Conclusions Although effective in reducing blood transfusions, tranexamic acid is not associated with increased complications, irrespective of patient high-risk status at baseline. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

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