scholarly journals Change in the microbiota of bronchial tree in children with bronchial asthma from past to our days

Author(s):  
Igor Anatolievich Fedorov ◽  
Olga Gennadevna Rybakova
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-354
Author(s):  
A. D. Ado ◽  
R. M. Zolotareva

Infectious and allergic bronchial asthma occurs on the basis of inflammatory diseases: acute and chronic pneumonia, influenza, bronchitis, pathology of ENT organs. Bacteria, toxins, decay products of own tissues cause sensitization process and subsequent allergic reaction, which is localized in the tissues of the bronchial tree, involves primarily the peripheral structures of the autonomic nervous system and can cause increased excitability of the parasympathetic department.


Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
I.A. Fedorov ◽  
◽  
O.G. Rybakova ◽  
E.A. Goreva ◽  
◽  
...  

Study Objective: To analyze the microbiota of the lower respiratory tract in children with bronchial asthma, depending on the severity, period of the disease and inflammatory phenotype, as well as to compare the obtained data on the microbiota with the data obtained two decades ago. Study Design: The study is organized in a cross-sectional manner. Materials and Methods. The study involved 66 children with bronchial asthma aged 6 to 18 years old. All participants had their microbiota of the bronchial tree studied by bacteriological examination of induced sputum samples; in some children, the cytology of induced sputum was analyzed (n = 36). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0. Intergroup differences in qualitative parameters were evaluated using χ2 and Fisher’s exact test. Statistically significant changes were are p < 0.05. Study Results. The predominant flora of the lower respiratory tract in children with bronchial asthma was Streptococcus spp. (66.7%), Staphylococcus spp. (33.3%) and Neisseria spp. (30.3%). There were no significant differences in the spectrum of the microflora of the bronchial tree depending on the period (exacerbation/remission) and the severity of the disease. When analysing the spectrum of the microbiota depending on the inflammatory phenotype, it was found that all sputum samples from patients with neutrophilic inflammatory phenotype were inoculated with Streptococcus spp., and in 25% of cases it was Streptococcus pneumonia. In patients with an eosinophilic inflammatory phenotype, most common was Staphylococcus spp. (75.0%), in particular Staphylococcus aureus (62.5%). When analysing the spectrum of microflora in a temporal aspect, it turned out that 20 years ago 41.2% of sputum samples did no demonstrate microflora growth. The growth of Streptococcus spp. and, in particular, Streptococcus pneumoniae, was significantly less frequent, Staphylococcus spp. were shown with the same frequency as now. Conclusion. The relationship between bronchial asthma and airway microbiota is complex and controversial. The revealed patterns show that the severity of bronchial asthma and the period of the disease do not affect the spectrum of microflora; however, statistically significant differences were found depending on the inflammatory phenotype. Since asthma phenotypes are immunological and physical-chemical characteristics of the mucous membrane of lower respiratory tract, this may be the reason for their selective impact of the microbial growth in respiratory tract, and on their biogeography, thus impacting the course and management of bronchial asthma. Keywords: bronchial asthma, respiratory tract microbiota, inflammatory phenotype, children.


Author(s):  
Narendra Babu S. ◽  
Vinoth Kumar C. ◽  
Nandini R.

Background: Bronchial Asthma is one of the worldwide health problems associated with increased morbidity and also mortality. Bronchial Asthma is a disease of airways that is characterized by increased responsiveness of the trachea-bronchial tree. Anti asthmatic drugs are associated with adverse effects which can affect the compliance and course of treatment. Monitoring adverse drug reactions in asthma will play a vital role in alerting physicians about the possibility and circumstances of such events, thereby protecting the user population from avoidable harm.Methods: The study was conducted in 500 bronchial asthma patients (250 patients in Beta 2 agonist group (Salbutamol) and 250 patients in Methylxanthine group (Deriphyllin) who fulfilled the study criteria and were observed for three months at Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai. Their prescriptions were collected and analysed. Adverse drug reactions(ADRs) in each group were collected and evaluated. The causality assessment was done by WHO-UMC assessment scale and severity by using Modified Hartwig-Seigel severity assessment scale.Results: Total 38% of patients taking anti-asthma drugs were encountered adverse drug reactions and were more common in elderly females (61 to 70 years). Adverse Drug Reactions were more common in Methylxanthine group (48%) compared to Beta 2 agonist group (28%). Headache (38%) was the commonest ADR in Methylxanthine group and Tremors (31%) in Beta 2 agonist group. Most of ADRs were mild (95 %), manageable and comes under possible (60 %) category of WHO causality assessment scale.Conclusions: Treatment of Bronchial Asthma is mainly based on Beta 2 agonist and Methylxanthine group. So, occurrence of ADR is much common. Our study offers a representative idea of the ADR profile of anti asthmatic drugs. Constant vigil in detecting ADRs and subsequent dose adjustments can make therapy with anti asthmatic drugs safer and more effective. This, in turn, will improve compliance.


Author(s):  
Antonina Gennadievna Baikova ◽  
Marina Yurievna Vostroknutova ◽  
Dinara Kolgarovna Borisova ◽  
Sergey Anatolievich Babanov

The article is devoted to the study of spirographic indicators FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, MEF75, MEF50, MEF25 as the most informative indicators reflecting the state of bronchial patency at the level of the proximal and distal parts of the bronchial tree in various phenotypes of professional bronchial asthma. Signs of respiratory distress are most pronounced in patients with the phenotype «PBA-occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease». Significantly,the» most favorable «spirographic picture in terms of FVC, FEV1, PEF, and MEF25VC is observed in the «PBA allergic» phenotype. Dynamic determination of speed indicators of forced expiration in various phenotypes of professional bronchial asthma can improve the diagnosis of obstructive disorders in this pathology, optimize the choice of treatment and prevention tactics, and predict the course of this pathology.


2006 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. S158
Author(s):  
Y.W. Lee ◽  
H.S. Chung ◽  
J.H. Park ◽  
J.W. Park ◽  
S.H. Cho ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
N.A. Lyan ◽  
E.A. Turova ◽  
I.I. Ivanova ◽  
I.A. Bokova ◽  
I.I. Kalinovskaya

The presence in children with bronchial asthma of disorders of bronchial patency, hypersecretion, deterioration of the drainage function of the bronchi determines the need to develop new technologies of kinesotherapy aimed at cleansing the bronchial tree from viscous sputum, strengthening the chest muscles. In this regard, the use of high-frequency thoracic oscillation is promising. Purpose. Study of the effectiveness of high frequency chest oscillation in children with bronchial asthma. Materials and methods. 60 children with bronchial asthma aged 6 to 17 years were examined. The main group was 30 children who received exposure to high frequency chest oscillation, the comparison group included 30 children who received only basic therapy, including basic anti-asthma therapy and respiratory gymnastics. Results. In the course of the study, positive dynamics of clinical-functional indicators was revealed, characterized by a decrease in the frequency of wet and dry seizure cough and its disappearance, increased sputum discharge, normalization of the auscultal picture in the lungs against the background of improving the performance of external breathing and respiratory excursion of the chest. More pronounced dynamics were observed in children with a moderate disease course, who were in incomplete remission and had initially lower computer flowmetry rates. Conclusion. Based on the studies, the possibility of using high-frequency chest oscillation in the comprehensive medical rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma was scientifically substantiated. Peculiarities of action of high-frequency thoracic oscillation on clinical course of bronchial asthma characterized by improvement of bronchial patency, enhancement of sputum withdrawal, improvement of mobility of ribs, diaphragm, and biomechanics of respiration are studied. High therapeutic effectiveness of high-frequency chest oscillation in the treatment of bronchial asthma in children was established – 93.3%, which is significantly higher than in the comparison group (73.3%, p < 0.05).


Author(s):  
Л.В. Трибунцева ◽  
В.Т. Бурлачук ◽  
Е.А. Раскина ◽  
С.А. Кожевникова

В последнее время все чаще изучается влияние неправильного питания на возникновение и прогрессирование бронхиальной астмы (БА) и ожирения. Ожирение представляет собой пандемию XXI века. В настоящий момент имеются данные о влиянии ожирения на риск развития БА. Повышенное потребление насыщенных жиров приводит к увеличению содержания циркулирующих свободных жирных кислот в организме. Это индуцирует провоспалительные процессы в том числе в дыхательных путях, что приводит к ухудшению функционирования легких, утяжелению протекания БА, учащению обострений данного заболевания, увеличению числа госпитализаций по поводу тяжести течения астмы. Кроме того, учеными выявлено, что диета с низким содержанием пищевых волокон также способствует развитию системного воспаления, тем самым ухудшая течение БА. Имеются данные о влиянии дефицита витамина D на развитие, прогрессирование и ухудшение контроля хронических и аутоиммунных заболеваний, к которым также относится БА, на ухудшение состояния липидного обмена исследуемых. Повышение уровня витамина D в организме пациентов приводит к улучшению отдельных характеристик течения и проявления данных заболеваний. Использование средиземноморской диеты уменьшает вероятность возникновения и прогрессирования БА, бронхиальной обструкции, аллергических реакций. Достаточное употребление витаминов А, С, Е приводит к снижению воспалительных реакций в бронхиальном дереве, улучшению показателей функции легких, уменьшению обострений БА и частоты госпитализаций, связанных с ухудшением контроля заболевания. Таким образом, актуально и целесообразно проводить научную и клиническую работу по определению и более глубокому изучению влияния питания на развитие и течение БА и ожирения, выявлению взаимосвязи между данными заболеваниями. Recently, the influence of malnutrition on the occurrence and progression of bronchial asthma and obesityhas been increasingly studied. Obesity is a 21st century pandemic. Now, there is evidence of the effect of obesity on the risk of developing bronchial asthma. An increased intake of saturated fat leads to an increase in circulating free fatty acids in the body. This induces pro-inflammatory processes, including in the respiratory tract, which leads to a deterioration in the functioning of the lungs, an aggravation of the course of bronchial asthma, an increase in exacerbations of this disease, an increase in the number of hospitalizations due to the severity of the course of asthma. In addition, scientists have found that a diet low in dietary fiber also contributes to the development of systemic inflammation, thereby worsening the course of bronchial asthma. There is evidence of the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the development, progression and deterioration of control of chronic and autoimmune diseases, which also include bronchial asthma, on the deterioration of the state of lipid metabolism in the subjects. An increase in the level of vitamin D in the body of patients leads to an improvement in certain characteristics of the course and manifestation of these diseases. The use of a Mediterranean diet reduces the likelihood and progression of bronchial asthma, bronchial obstruction, and allergic reactions. Adequate intake of vitamins A, C, E leads to a decrease in inflammatory reactions in the bronchial tree, an improvement in lung function indicators, a decrease in exacerbations of bronchial asthma and the frequency of hospitalizations associated with a deterioration in the control of this pathology. Thus, it is relevant and expedient to carry out scientific and clinical work to determine and in-depth study of the influence of nutrition on the development and course of obesity and bronchial asthma, and to identify the relationship between these diseases.


1950 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1829-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Curry
Keyword(s):  

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