scholarly journals The current state of virtualization of sociocultural activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Евгения Михайловна Юркова
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Information Tools ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

В виду бурного развития компьютерных технологий и внедрения информационных средств в повседневную и рабочую жизнь личности мы наблюдаем процесс виртуализации не только культуры, но и социально-культурной активности. В статье рассматривается виртуализация социально-культурной активности в современных условиях. Цель исследования - определить тенденции виртуализации социально-культурной активности. Объект - социально-культурная активность. Предмет - современное состояние виртуализации социально-культурной активности. Задачи исследования: обозначить актуальность рассматриваемой темы; изучить научную литературу по вопросу о негативных тенденция виртуализации социально-культурной активности; определить сущность терминов «виртуализация» и «виртуальная реальность», «виртуализация культуры», «виртуализация социально-культурной активности»; перечислить самые актуальные технологии виртуальной активности; выявить негативные тенденции виртуализации социально-культурной активности. Данный процесс, по мнению автора, является следствием глобальной информатизации, в том числе и социокультурной сферы. По мнению автора, современное состояние виртуализации социально-культурной активности имеет как положительные, так и отрицательные стороны. К положительным автор относит возможность использования безграничного пространства для творчества и самореализации, а также развитие широкого спектра предоставляемых обучающих программ - мастер-классы, марафоны, курсы и прочее; сохранение межличностного общения с помощью современных мессенджеров и приложений и упрощение коммуникации рабочих процессов. В работе приводятся и негативные стороны процесса виртуализации социокультурной активности, такие как гедонистичность, обезличивание и стандартизация личности, чрезмерная свобода действий. В заключение автор отмечает, что значимость негативных тенденций возрастает и процесс виртуализации социально-культурной активности может быть контролируемым, а именно - трансляция качественного цензурного контента, ограничение деструктивных действий, блокировка нарушителей. In view of the rapid development of computer technologies and the introduction of information tools into the everyday and working life of the individual, we see the process of virtualization not only of culture, but also of sociocultural activity. The paper discusses the virtualization of sociocultural activity in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the virtualization of sociocultural activity. The object is sociocultural activity. The subject is the current state of virtualization of sociocultural activity. Research objectives are: to indicate the relevance of the topic; to study scientific literature on the issue of negative trends in virtualization of sociocultural activity; to determine the essence of the terms "virtualization" and "virtual reality", "culture virtualization", "virtualization of sociocultural activity"; to list the most relevant virtual activity technologies; and to identify negative trends in virtualization of sociocultural activity. This process, according to the author, is a consequence of global informatization, including the sociocultural sphere. According to the author, the current state of virtualization of sociocultural activity has both positive and negative aspects. As positive aspects, the author includes the possibility of using unlimited space for creativity and self-realization, as well as the development of a wide range of training programs provided - master classes, marathons, courses, etc.; maintaining interpersonal communication using modern instant messengers and applications and simplifying communication of work processes. The work also cites the negative aspects of the process of virtualization of sociocultural activity, such as hedonism, depersonalization and standardization of the person, excessive freedom of action. In conclusion, the author notes that the importance of negative trends is increasing and the process of virtualization of sociocultural activity can be controlled, namely, the translation of high-quality censorship content, limiting destructive actions, and blocking violators.

scholarly journals On the question of the functions and tasks of legal custom

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Marian Bedrii
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article researches the functions and tasks of legal custom based on historical experience and the current state of legal life.The view represents that law and culture functions are realized through legal custom, as it is an important element of these phenomena.At the same time, it is noted that legal custom is characterized by a separate catalog of functions and tasks that need to be studied. Theregulatory, explanatory, protective, defensive, inflectional, reconstitutive, ideological-educative, identification-communicative, antimonopoly,and legal-resource functions of legal custom are analyzed. The administrative and organizational components of the regulatoryfunction of legal custom are highlighted. The preventive and restrictive components of the protective function of legal custom are cha -racterized. It is substantiated that these functions are inextricably linked with the tasks of legal custom.Based on the analyzed functions, the following tasks of a legal custom are allocated: the legal regulation of social relations; cla -rification of provisions of the legislation, acts of law enforcement, texts of agreements, terms and symbolic actions; legal protection ofpublic goods and values; providing opportunities to protect rights and freedoms; stabilization of the legal system, its protection fromill-considered and risky transformations; reproduction of the acquired legal experience in new conditions; ensuring the flexibility of thelegal system; influence on the worldview of the individual and society in general; determining the affiliation of the subject to a parti -cular community and maintaining communication between its members; prevention of monopoly in the legal system of a normativelegal act or other sources of law; formation of material for the systematization of law.It is argued that legal custom, as a social phenomenon, evolving in the process of history, performed a wide range of functionsthat correlated with its tasks. Not every period, people, or locality is characterized by a full set of analyzed functions and tasks, but itis worth noting the possibility of their implementation by the legal custom in general, as evidenced by past experience and the currentstate of legal relations. The results of the research, on the one hand, complement the understanding of the nature of legal custom, andon the other – prove the feasibility of further use of this source of law in modern legal systems.

Typologization of security regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Denis Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Procedural Understanding ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Understanding

The purpose of the article is to typologize terminological definitions of security, to find out the general, to identify the originality of their interpretations depending on the subject of legal regulation. The methodological basis of the study is the methods that made it possible to obtain valid conclusions, in particular, the method of comparison, through which it became possible to correlate different interpretations of the term "security"; method of hermeneutics, which allowed to elaborate texts of normative legal acts of Ukraine, method of typologization, which made it possible to create typologization groups of variants of understanding of the term "security". Scientific novelty. The article analyzes the understanding of the term "security" in various regulatory acts in force in Ukraine. Typological groups were understood to understand the term "security". Conclusions. The analysis of the legal material makes it possible to confirm that the issues of security are within the scope of both legislative regulation and various specialized by-laws. However, today there is no single conception on how to interpret security terminology. This is due both to the wide range of social relations that are the subject of legal regulation and to the relativity of the notion of security itself and the lack of coherence of views on its definition in legal acts and in the scientific literature. The multiplicity of definitions is explained by combinations of material and procedural understanding, static - dynamic, and conditioned by the peculiarities of a particular branch of legal regulation, limited ability to use methods of one or another branch, the inter-branch nature of some variations of security, etc. Separation, common and different in the definition of "security" can be used to further standardize, in fact, the regulatory legal understanding of security to more effectively implement the legal regulation of the security direction.

Health informatics: information and communication

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Past History ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Individual

In health care, the word ‘communication’ covers a wide range of interactions, including interpersonal communication, communication technology, medical education, health policy and mass communication. It takes many forms, from a brief informal talk between colleagues to formalised written documents between professionals. The essence of this verbal and written communication is the sharing of information. To make our information exchange more useful and to give it more meaning, the information communicated needs an appropriate framework. For example, the meaning of the diagnosis ‘schizophrenia’ is greatly enhanced by knowledge of the individual patient within the context (the framework) of his or her past history and family background.

scholarly journals Application of Visagism Concept to Assess the Co-Relation between the Temperament and Smile Esthetics: A Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Poorvi Jain ◽  
Surekha Godbole ◽  
Seema Sathe Kambala ◽  
Chetan Mahatme
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Smile Esthetics

Background: Ability of a person to express a wide range of emotions with the movement of teeth and lips is called as a smile. Dentogenic concept considers gender, personality, age in harmonizing shapes of teeth with the face. Personality is unique for an individual. Unveiling personality traits, desires of the individual, translating them into natural tooth shapes to maintain the psychodentofacial harmony poses a major challenge to the clinician in designing a smile. Visagism is a novel concept that helps the dentists in providing restorations that involve esthetics psychological and social features of the created image, which influences the individual’s emotions. It involves the customization of an image. Aim and Objectives: To assess the co-relation between the smile esthetics and mental temperaments or personalities through the application of the concept of visagism. Methodology: A Digital camera (DSLR) for capturing the photographs and smile designing software will be used. Each subject will be instructed to occlude the teeth while capturing photographs. A validated questionnaire study will be conducted that will help to discover temperament of the subject. The answers will be evaluated and maximum score of the responses out of the list will be dominant temperament in that individual. Expected Outcome: Co-relation between this study might help clinicians to accurately assess the correlation between the temperament and the smile esthetics and eventually develop proper customisation of a smile with respect to the personality of the patient. Conclusion: If computer-assisted smile design and application of visagism concept would be accurate and reproducible, this might help and improve the planning of smile designing, the oral rehabilitations.

scholarly journals The complexity of the gene and the precision of CRISPR

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esha Shah ◽  
David Ludwig ◽  
Phil Macnaghten
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Current State ◽  
Technological Control ◽  
The Status ◽  
State Of Research

The rapid development of CRISPR-based gene editing has been accompanied by a polarized governance debate about the status of CRISPR-edited crops as genetically modified organisms. This article argues that the polarization around the governance of gene editing partly reflects a failure of public engagement with the current state of research in genomics and postgenomics. CRISPR-based gene-editing technology has become embedded in a narrow narrative about the ease and precision of the technique that presents the gene as a stable object under technological control. By tracing the considerably destabilized scientific understanding of the gene in genomics and postgenomics, this article highlights that this publicly mediated ontology strategically avoids positioning the “ease of CRISPR-based editing” in the wider context of the “complexity of the gene.” While this strategic narrowness of CRISPR narratives aims to create public support for gene-editing technologies, we argue that it stands in the way of socially desirable anticipatory governance and open public dialogue about societal promises and the unintended consequences of gene editing. In addressing the polarization surrounding CRISPR-based editing technology, the article emphasizes the need for engagement with the complex state of postgenomic science that avoids strategic simplifications of the scientific literature in promoting or opposing the commercial use of the gene-editing technology.

scholarly journals Global challenges and the formation of the digital economy: current state, security problems, development trends

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Natalya Lytnyeva ◽  
Sergey Voronov ◽  
Natalia Kidanova
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
State Security ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Main Basis

At present, the issues of economic security seem to be relevant both for the economic development of the state and for complex scientific research. A wide range of the vital activities of society includes indicators that reflect the potential threats that can be encountered by economic agents. The problem of economic security is now becoming increasingly important, and this in turn is caused by the rapid development of a diversified alternative economy that uses the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress. It is quite difficult to predict the development of the country’s economy in the long term when the current challenges and threats are not taken into account. That is why in the information age, where information technology is the main basis for conducting economic activity, and information security is one of the main directions of state development, while the state itself acts as an economic institution. Therefore, the development of the digital economy in Russia poses both opportunities and significant threats.

scholarly journals Visualization Design for Human-Collective Teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 417-421
Author(s):  
Karina A. Roundtree ◽  
Jason R. Cody ◽  
Jennifer Leaf ◽  
H. Onan Demirel ◽  
Julie A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Sequential Decision ◽  
Infrastructure Monitoring ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Workload ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Robotic Collectives

Robotic collectives (i.e., colonies and swarms) are applicable to a wide range of applications, including environmental monitoring, search and rescue, as well as infrastructure monitoring. The presented evaluation focuses on how two visualization designs impact human-collective team performance during a best-of- n sequential decision making task with colonies of 200 agents. Traditional visualizations present all the individual robots that encompass the entirety of the collective, which may cause the human operator to suffer from information overload which hinders understanding the collective’s current state, the reasoning behind actions, and associated predictive future outcomes. Interface designs that abstract the individual collective member details and present the collective’s state are needed to alleviate high workload and mitigate human error. The evaluation determined that an abstract visualization of the collective’s state produced better overall performance than the visualization that showed all the individual agents.

scholarly journals Koncepcja edytorstwa jako subdyscypliny bibliologicznej w pracach Leona Marszałka 1912–1996

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Bożena Hojka
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
Current State ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Book Studies ◽  
Separate Discipline ◽  
Point Of Reference

THE CONCEPT OF EDITING AS A BIBLIOLOGICAL DISCIPLINE IN THE WRITINGS OF LEON MARSZAŁEK 1912–1996Editorial topics have almost always been included in the field of book studies, but for a long time they were not subjects of systematic research. It was only in the second half of the 20th century, with a rapid development of the publishing market, that interest in editing grew considerably, leading to the emergence within bibliology of a set of questions called today bibliological editing as opposed to scholarly-historical and philological editing. A need to develop editing understood in this manner was noted by Leon Marszałek 1912–1996, an outstanding Polish publisher, editorin-chief of encyclopaedias and dictionaries at the Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe press, author of scholarly and expert publications in which he consistently popularised the idea of editing as a separate discipline practised as part of book studies, called for comprehensive research to be carried out in this area and attempted to formulate its curriculum. The article is an attempt to reconstruct the editorial concept presented in Marszałek’s most important theoretical works. The author discusses his views on the subject matter in question and the scope of editorial research, its aim, methodological basis as well as interdisciplinary links. It is worth recalling those views as an interesting point of reference for the reflection on the current state of bibliological editing and its status in contemporary books studies.

scholarly journals Modern gastronomic technologies in optimization of pro-health food potential

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Bogdan Szponar ◽  
Agnieszka Marzec ◽  
Michał Skrzypek
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Modern Technologies

Abstract All human senses participate in the sensory evaluation of food, which means that such features as taste, flavour, appearance, or texture determine the acceptance and choice of a dish. Seeking to satisfy consumer requirements and offer a dish or food with the desired organoleptic features, the food industry initially used a wide range of food additives compensating for the loss of colour, taste or flavour of the dish. At present, with an increase in consumers’ awareness and nutrition knowledge, departure is observed from the use of food additives to the benefit of using modern technologies in the food industry. The progress in food science, concerning especially, the phenomena taking place during the storage or processing of food, gives direction to the application of modern technical solutions or materials, and also provides guidelines within the area of gastronomic technology concerning the shaping of not only organoleptic features of the dish, but also activities aiming at the preservation of pro-health potential of food. This issue becomes even more important in the context of increasing epidemics of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) in contemporary western societies, in the etiopathogenesis of which, health behaviours play a crucial role. The subject of the report will be analysis of the current state of knowledge in the area of food and nutrition sciences, concerning the possibility of using modern gastronomic technologies in order to preserve or enhance the pro-health potential of food, possible to use within the primary and secondary prevention of NCD.

scholarly journals Tężnie w Polsce. Geneza, stan i przyszłość zjawiska

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-59
Author(s):  
Robert Faracik
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Current State ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Concentrate Brine ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Graduation towers in Poland. Genesis, current state and future of the phenomenon Salt is one of the materials with many uses. For centuries, its therapeutic values have been emphasized. Former salt mining centres, in which graduation towers were used to concentrate brine, played a special role. Along with changes in the technology of obtaining salt, these devices were gradually withdrawn from the use. Some of them began to perform a spa function, which resulted from the impact of the specific microclimate around them on treatment options, including upper respiratory tract diseases. At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, a great interest in the graduation towers was noted, due to which new facilities began to be built, and adapted to perform the therapeutic function. The literature on the subject is basically limited to analyses of the individual historical objects in terms of history and technology as well as popular-scientific guidebooks and informational studies. The purpose of this study is to give an idea of the genesis and current state of the construction of external graduation towers in Poland (89 facilities have been inventoried), taking into account the dynamics of this state, and the diversity of graduation towers due to its form, size and method of funding. Particular attention was paid to the spatial diversity of this phenomenon.

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